Story about Mameluks of Egypt

Султан Бейбарс (араб. الملك‭ ‬الظاهر‭ ‬ركن‭ ‬الدين‭ ‬بيبرس‭ ‬البندقداري‎‎ — аль-Малик аз-Захир Рукн-ад-дин Бейбарыс аль-Бундукдари ас-Салих; 1223 -- 1 июля, 1277) — султан Египта кыпчакского происхождения. Мамлюк.

1260-1277 az-Zahir Rukn-ad-Din Baybars I al-Bunduqdari.

The first Mamluk dynasty was named Bahri after the name of one of the regiments, the Bahirya or River Island regiment. The name Bahri (بحري meaning 'of the sea') referred to their center in al-Manial Island in the Nile. The regiment consisted mainly of Kipchak Turks and Circassians.

The Bahri dynasty or Bahriyya Sultanate المماليك البحرية was a Mamluk dynasty of Kipchak Turk origin that ruled Egypt from 1250 to 1382 when they were succeeded by the Burji dynasty, another group of Mamluks. Their name means 'of the sea', referring to them ruling from Al-Manyal Island in the Nile (Bahr al-Nil) off Cairo.

In 1250, when the Ayyubid sultan as-Salih Ayyub died, the Mamluks owned by sultan killed his owner's heir, and the Mamluk general Aybak (who ruled 1250 - 1257) married Shajar al-Durr (Arabic: "String of Pearls"), widow of as-Salih. The Mamluks consolidated their power in ten years and eventually established the Bahri dynasty. They were helped by the Mongols' sack of Baghdad in 1258, which effectively destroyed the Abbasid caliphate. Cairo became more prominent as a result and remained a Mamluk capital thereafter.

The Mamluks were power cavalry warriors mixing the practices of the Turkic steppe peoples from which they were drawn and the organizational and technological sophistication of the Egyptians and Arabs. In 1260 the Mamluks defeated a Mongol attack at the Battle of Ain Jalut in modern-day Israel and eventually forced the invaders to retreat to the area of modern-day Iraq. Baibars, one of the leaders at the battle, became the new sultan after assassinating Sultan Qutuz on the way home.

In 1250 Baibars had led a successful attack against the Christian knights of Louis IX of France, whom he had captured and ransomed. He had also taken part in the Mamluk takeover of Egypt. In 1261 he established a puppet caliphate in Cairo, and the Mamluks fought the remnants of the Crusader states in Palestine until they finally captured Acre in 1291. Baibars preferred to purchase his new slave recruits from the Tatars. He also attempted to retake Baghdad, but was unsuccessful. In 1268 he recaptured Antioch from the Crusaders, and also fought the Armenians, Seljuks, and Hashshashin; he also extended Muslim power into Nubia for the first time, before his death in 1277.

His successor Qalawun defeated the Syrians when they tried to secede in 1280, and also defeated another Mongol invasion in 1281 outside Emesa. After the Mongol threat passed he recaptured Tripoli from the Crusaders in 1289. His son Khalil captured Acre, the last Crusader city, in 1291.

The Mongols renewed their invasion in 1299, but were again defeated in 1303. The Egyptian Moorish Sultans established a peace with the Mongols in 1322, and also entered into relations with the Golden Horde, sultan al-Nasir marrying a Mongol princess in 1319. His diplomatic relations were more extensive than those of any previous sultan, and included Bulgarian, Indian, and Abyssinian potentates, as well as the pope, the king of Aragon and the king of France. He died in 1341, and the constant changes of sultan that followed led to great disorder in the provinces; meanwhile, from 1348-1349 Egypt was visited by the Black Death, which is said to have carried off 900,000 of the inhabitants of Cairo.

Sultan al-Nasir Muhammad organized the digging of a canal in 1311 which connected Alexandria with the Nile.

In 1377 there was a revolt in Syria which spread to Egypt, and the government was taken over by the Circassians Berekeh and Barkuk; Barkuk was proclaimed sultan in 1382, ending the Bahri dynasty. He was expelled in 1389 but recaptured Cairo in 1390, setting up the Burji dynasty.
Нурмухан Жантурин, Булат Мансуров, Морис Симашко.

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[drshowky78]

I will speak here about facts and information which are trust worthy...I read so much about Sultab Baybars...and I will speak only aboyt the info i'm sure about:

1) his origin was from Kazakhistan...that's his ethnicity...but I'm not sure of his tongue...but I'm sure that he knew Arabic at least as a 2nd language.

2) The embassador of Kazakhistan in Cairo/Egypt celebrate annually the memorial of Baybras in his mosque named after him in an area in Cairo called (Dahir)which is the royal title.

[debashir]

Thank you.

His ethnicity wasn't kazak, he was kypchak, but kazaks are direct descendants of kypchak turks, people mustn't call him kazak whatever you call the residents of Kazakstan, many todays kypchak people have a right to claim him, because all of us once were one nation calling ourselves as "kipchak/qypshaq/polovtsy/cuma­n", just check out the wiki any of the words I've typed and you'll understand what I meant...a kypchak from steppes of Desht-i Qipchaq that's who the Baybars was.

[drshowky78]

I'm afraid you have more information about this Sultan than me...that's why I would like to speak with you about this...I have loads of papers about him...and I really would like to exchange information about him.

So...he is not from Kazakhistan?? then why do the embassador of Kazakhistan celebrate his memorial??do you think it is some sort of steeling the man's glory for them??

[debashir]

Oh no no, I didn't claim that he wasn't from Kazakstan, in my opinion 75% he was from Kazakstan, but can't claim that for sure, some people say he was from pre-caspian steppes some say he was from shores of Azov Sea, others calim he was from steppes of Northern Caucasus but for me it doesn't matter at all, because as I've said before all these places once were one country (Dasht-i Kypchak) inhabitated by one united turkic people calling themselves kypchaks

[debashir]

Steeling from whom? From our own ancestors?

Kazaks wouldn't be offended if for example noghays or tatars would show some respect to his person, because their of the same blood with him, as for me kazaks just are the 1-st people showing so much love to Baybars on such a level that it spreads to media sources and may seem as some kind of a PR, but it ain't like that, steppe folks have leaved very few traces of it's glory and Baybars was a brilliant example, it would be disrespectful to forget him

[sawanoovel]

the memluk " kipchack turks " were excellent leaders and showed respect for everyone , but then when the " circassian memluks overthrew them " egypt was shit , they killed anyone who is non-circassians and caused trouble and civil wars broke out and the country became weaker

good russians killed those faggets

[balkanturkic]

memluks were mongol ? hahah memluks were from turkic tribes idiotS !

[intezam]

These books inspired later archery treatises such as "Kitab fi bayau fadl al-qaws w-al-sahm wa-awsufihima" and "Kitab ghunyat at-tullab fi marifat ramy an-mushshab". These are all very interesting historical books.

[intezam]

Kipchaqs were fearless warriors.The reason why medieval Arabs employed them as soldiers and generals was, that these people were familar with Mongol war tactics using the composite bow (which was previously shunned by Arabs as an evil Persian/Saka invention).The Mamluk Kipchaqs wrote many powerfull books on archery such as Munyatu'l-ghuzat and Kitab fi ‘Ilm an Nushshab and the reflexed horn bow was quickly adopted by Arabs and also in Mamluk India. Kipchaqs were also considered beautiful.

[sawanoovel]

so where you originally from lol

[sawanoovel]

the most important thing to me is that during his time native egyptian took controll of everything in egypt

[Hark0nnin]

I would say that Mohammad Ali was only for himself. Anyone who got in his way was fair game.

[sawanoovel]

he later killed albanians also , he was ahamed of being albanian lol

[Hark0nnin]

Uh, I'm not Circassian. They aren't my people. I'm a Texan.

[Hark0nnin]

Very true, I've read about that. Except it was Mohammed Ali and his fellow Albanians who did the killing.

[sawanoovel]

and most of this state are russian lol .

its a russian land and the circassians there under russian dicks

thank them for keeping several thousands of your people walking alive