Bali

Bali, one of over 17.000 islands in Indonesia, is famous for its scenic beauty, dynamic culture, and friendly people. Located just south of the equator, tropical Bali traditionally has a hot, wet season (November - March) and a cool, dry one (May - September). Towering volcanoes, some still active, contain large lakes which provide water for irrigating thousands of terraced rice fields, enabling up to three harvests per year. Over the centuries the Balinese culture has proven itself very resilient, managing to blend influences from Asia and West with their own traditions.

Buddhism arrived from India during the early centuries of the first millennium followed later by Hinduism and trade contacts with China. Relations with Java began in the 11th century but full Javanese control of Bali did not come until 1334 and lasted only just over 100 years.

Bali's tourism has brought spectacular economic growth, a thriving hotel industry, and major improvements to transportation and communication facilities. The international fame of Bali's culture has also brought a heightened sense of identity among the Balinese. Many villages produce arts and crafts, present music and dance performances, and hold elaborate religious ceremonies.

As always, the Balinese take everything in their stride, absorbing and adapting from different sources. They are a flexible people, welcoming new ideas but at the same time retaining a unique life-style guided by their religious, social and cultural traditions.

Religion And Temples

Balinese religion, Hindu Dharma, blends animism, Buddhism and Hinduism. Ancient beliefs in nature spirits are the basis for including other faiths, with a key focus on maintaining a balance in the cosmos and within oneself. The main tenets are belief in a single divine being, the individual soul, reincarnation of the soul, the effect of present actions on future rebirths, and eventual release from rebirth and union with the Divine. Offerings to the deities, demons, humans, ancestors, and priests are seen as gifts of thanks or appeasement. Ceremonies can be done almost any time and any where, but auspicious days and temples are preferred. A pura or Temple is a walled-in space with an inner courtyard containing shrines and pavilions for the visiting deities. Outer areas have cooking areas and performance spaces. An odalan or anniversary celebration is a festive event with music, dance, offerings and ritual worship : it is as much a time for socializing and entertainment as it is a religious occasion. Visitors wishing to see a temple festival should follow basic rules of etiquette as the Balinese appreciate those who show respect for their customs.

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