Shadow puppets in Turkey were in use from at least the 14th century. They were widely performed between the 17th and 19th centuries.
The two central characters in all plays are Karagöz and Hacivat. However, there are many other players who appear, each with well-defined characters already known to the audience.
the stories focus on the comic, normally involving an argument and fight between the uneducated Karagöz and his more gentile friend Hacivat. Despite Hacivat's learning, it is always Karagöz who triumphs at the end of the show. The puppets are manipulated by a single puppeteer, known as a Karagozcu, Hayali or Hayalbaz. Songs are provided by a second member of the team, known as the yardak. The advent of the cinema and television drastically reduced the number of shadow plays performed, but they are still a popular entertainment for children.
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