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Mental Disorders as Molecular Disease, Linus Pauling

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Uploaded by on Jan 8, 2008

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Narrator: Well, what are the broader implications of this concept of yours of molecular disease? Do you envisage, for example, a kind of new medicine which will be based more fundamentally on chemotherapy for example?

Dr. Pauling: Yes, I would say so.

I think that we shall be able to get a more thorough understanding of the nature of disease in general by investigating the molecules that make up the human body including the abnormal molecules and that this understanding will permit disease to be attacked, the problem of disease to be attacked, in a more straight-forward manner, such that new methods of therapy will be developed. For example, we are working now on a disease called phenylketonuria. Phenylketonuria is a disease that involves a bad gene. Normal human beings have inherited two genes from their parents that manufacture an enzyme, a special protein in the liver that catalyzes the oxidation of an amino acid, phenylalanine, to form another amino acid, tyrosine. Now, we ingest, we eat food containing phenylalanine all the time. An ordinary protein is about five percent phenylalanine.

So that everybody gets a lot of phenylalanine into his body by way of eating proteon [proteins]. He has to eat protein to build up his body. This phenylalanine is in large part converted into another substance by the action of the enzyme in the liver. One person in eighty has only one good gene for this enzyme and then he has one bad gene, the result of a genetic mutation. A bad gene that will not manufacture a good enzyme.

These people, we have been studying the activity of the liver of these people. We give them some phenylalanine, and then we take a sample of blood and determine what has happened to that phenylalanine in the course of one or two or three hours, and we find that normal individuals are able to destroy, to change the phenylalanine to tyrosine twice as fast as these people, one in eighty, who are the carriers of one bad gene.

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Uploader Comments (prokopton)

  • This video links nutrition with illnesses and diseases. Notice the emphasizes on phenylalanine, metabolism, and food. Dopamine, tyrosine, both implicated in depression, are derived from phenylalanine, an essential amino acid which must be obtained by diet or dietary supplement.

  • Metabolism is important:

    "These people, we have been studying the activity of the liver of these people. We give them some phenylalanine, and then we take a sample of blood and determine what has happened to that phenylalanine in the course of one or two or three hours, and we find that normal individuals are able to destroy, to change the phenylalanine to tyrosine twice as fast as these people, one in eighty, who are the carriers of one bad gene."

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All Comments (3)

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  • How many distinct bichemicals are resident and reactive with one another in the human? Quantum effects are manifold and completely unpredicitable. I mean COMPLETELY.

    The Creator made very wonderful and compicated biosphere, and each life.

    No man like this fucking pauling guy had a handle on His work. I mean, not even a little. He is making guesses. Look, I can do something to a human and what he does afterwards is nothing but what I was watching for. Pauling did that too. Confirmation Bias.

  • What causes Arthritis? As you exercise, you wear down the gelatin covering on your hip bones. Where does the gelatin go? The blood liquefies & carries it to your bladder, until you decide to recycle. What if there was a way to recycle the gelatin, back into your joints? I have been recycling my gelatin for 22 years. I now am 68 & have no arthritis. You tube video:

    paul8kangas.

  • I would like him to be my teacher... Truly rare genius and mind

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