The Sakharov Prize for Freedom of Thought, named after the Russian scientist and political dissident Andrei Sakharov, seeks to honour individuals or organisations anywhere in the world for their efforts on behalf of human rights, democracy and freedom of expression and their struggle against intolerance and oppression. Created in 1988, the prize is awarded annually by the European Parliament at a formal sitting held in Strasbourg. If Parliament's calendar allows, the award ceremony takes place on or as close as possible to 10 December, the anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights by the United Nations in 1948. Previous notable prize winners have included Nelson Mandela (South Africa), Alexander Dubček (Czechoslovakia), Las Madres de la Plaza de Mayo (The Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo - Argentina), Wei Jingsheng (China), Ibrahim Rugova (Kosovo), the United Nations Organisation and its former Secretary-General Kofi Annan and Aliaksandr Milinkevich (Belarus)
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