The Amorites Part 2: Independent Canaan
539BC - 1200BC
The Phoenicians (Northern Canaan)
Following the Battle of Kadesh the Hittites fell into a period of chaos & civil wars that broke their powe...
The Amorites Part 2: Independent Canaan 539BC - 1200BC
The Phoenicians (Northern Canaan)
Following the Battle of Kadesh the Hittites fell into a period of chaos & civil wars that broke their power. While the Egyptians got dragged into a long war vs the Libyans which allowed the native Canaanite Semites to gain autonomy eventually ridding themselves of the Egyptians and Hittites. This period started the second Amorite political reign in Canaan following a period of Occupation. At this period Canaan split into three regions; North Canaan: Phoenicia, Central Canaan: Hebrews, South Canaan: Philistines. The three regions shared an Amorite linguistic and cultural origin.
Northern Canaan: Phoenicia Northern Canaan was settled by the Nomadic Semites as early as the Third Millenia BC. The first wave was an Amorite coastal migration that was forced to stop once it reached the natural coastal barrier which corresponds with what will later become known as the town of (JBEIL) meaning the little Mountain in the Amorite Arabian dialect. This Amorite settlement was forced upon them, because the moutains meant that they will be facing easily defended towns. The Amorites were still fresh adventerous Nomads that just arrived from Arabia and were not ready to settle for the limitations of sedantary lifestyle. In Jbeil they replaced their desert ships with Sea ships within a Millenia they adopted the Sea. The Phoenician maritime trade took place with a diverse Non-Arabian speaking populations as far as the Atlantic shores! This was the man drive behind inventing the Pheonician Abjad that became the basis & origin of every modern Alphabet. Jbeil remained the leading Phoenician city up until the early 1000s BC, by then the Phoenician trade had expanded to the point where they needed bigger cities with wider land strips so Sur and Sidon rised as the leading cities. From Sur and Sidon the Phoenicians established trading colonies in Cyprus, Sicily, Sardinia, Corsica, North Africa and Spain. Phoenicia will start to decline due to the Assyrian imperialistic ambitions. As early as 853 BC the Phoenicians of Arvad had to participate in the Amorite coalition successful effort to stop the Assyrian Army in Qarqar. In less than a century the Assyrians were back this time capturing Arpad and Cyprus forcing most of Phoenicia to pay tribute. Sur continued to lead the rebellions vs The Assyrians up until the fall of Assyria itself. The Babylonians picked up where the Assyrians stopped, they were followed by the Archamenids 539 BC. By this Period Canaanite Phoenicia lost its lead to Carthage. The Destruction of Phoenicia The Assyrians were mainly interested in raw Phoenician goods so they needed to keep Pheonicia as it is. However, the Assyrians themselves fell under Aramean cultural influence that eventually destroyed the Assyrians! The cultural Aramization started with the late 8th century BC gradually increasing and moving into Phoenicia with the Assyrians, Babylonians and finally reaching its zenith under the Achamenids who made Aramiac/Armean their Imperial language. Sur was the last Phoenician city to survive the Aramization era, but their fortunes came to an end with the Hellenic invasion under Alexander who ravaged Sur forcing the surviving Phoenician population to head west & join their Phoenician kinsmen in Carthage.
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Good question...First to mind comes E1b1b1c-M123 who have a good connection to the Sarawat mountains & obviously the most Eastern settled of the E1b1b1-M35 Meditid people, along with other people possibly J1-J2-R1b1 Amongst them could be some G-M201 people who had & still have an East Med presence & are well known to hold on to mountain regions, either iN Caucasia, Sardinia or Austria
To a certain degree, some Israelis also have haplogroups thats alien to the Middle East in general.
I2 amongst ISraelis = Eastern Europe R1a1 amongst Levites also Eastern Europe R1b lineages differ some are closely related to Anatolia-Levant and soem are related to Wetsern Europe A amongst Ethiopian Jews is related to Southenrn Sudan and is considered exotic even by Ethiopian standards!
It seems to me that the israelites/hebrews (habiru or hyksos) have always been a mixed people since earlier times. They were probably already genetically related to the people who live in what is now Iran, Kurdistan, Armenia, Georgia, Turkey, Syria, Lebannon, Israel, Jordan and Egypt before the greek and roman invasions, which also lead to more admixture.
It's quite possible. The Etruscans and Latins might have been as well, or least to some extent. A better explanation might be a simple melting or blending effect. The island of Sicily is probably the best example of this found anywhere. Greek, Roman, Phoenician, German, Arabic, Moorish, Nordic, they have it all. Probably the most genetically diverse people in the world.
Yes Sicily is one of the most diverse regions on earth, thats why it very hard to be a Sicilian for some & very easy for others...
Greek, Roman, Phoenician, German, Arabic, Moorish, Nordic are not people we can describe as races, they are mixed people unified by a linguistic or cultural bond at that time, Thats why I prefer genetic classifciation because it doesn't change overtime. Roman in Genoa is not exactly the same as Roman in Foggia & so on with all cultural identities.
Names remain the smae but people change, today Greece is pretty much an Indo-European nation & Israel-Palestine is Semitic, but that doesn't mean that was teh case at 3500 BC, at that time the whole region an E1b1b1a-M78 Hamitid language, culture might have existed & gave teh unique identities to the later Phoenicians & Greeks who stood out as ironically similar at that period & a bit diff least to say from the people who spoke their same language.
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I2 amongst ISraelis = Eastern Europe
R1a1 amongst Levites also Eastern Europe
R1b lineages differ some are closely related to Anatolia-Levant and soem are related to Wetsern Europe
A amongst Ethiopian Jews is related to Southenrn Sudan and is considered exotic even by Ethiopian standards!
Greek, Roman, Phoenician, German, Arabic, Moorish, Nordic are not people we can describe as races, they are mixed people unified by a linguistic or cultural bond at that time, Thats why I prefer genetic classifciation because it doesn't change overtime. Roman in Genoa is not exactly the same as Roman in Foggia & so on with all cultural identities.