Wilner Nau
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Francois Duvalier 1968
Duvalier, François (1907-1971), Haitian political leader and physician (hence his familiar name, Papa Doc), born in Port-au-Prince, and educated at the faculty of medicine of the University of Haiti. From 1934 to 1946 Duvalier served in hospitals and clinics, specializing in the treatment of the tropical disease yaws; for this he gained a reputation as a humanitarian. From 1946 to 1950 he was director general of the National Public Health Service and secretary of labor. After 1950 Duvalier led the resistance to President Paul Eugène Magloire (1907- ), and in 1957 he was elected president for a 6-year term. In 1964 Duvalier had himself declared president for life. His dictatorial regime oversaw military and governmental purges, mass executions, and the institution of curfews, all enforced by the dreaded Tonton Macoute, his personal and violent secret police.
In January 1971 the legislature amended the constitution to permit Duvalier to name his son, Jean Claude Duvalier (1951- ), as his successor. The young Duvalier assumed the presidency of Haiti on his father's death. In response to three months of protest against the government's political and economic repression, he fled the country in early 1986 and settled in France. Get a free DVD at www.wilmultimedia.com/Wilner.h<wbr>tml
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December 9, 2006 at Colette's and Mari Lourdes house Canada
Saturday December 9, 2006 at Colette and Marie Lourdes's house Canada
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Jean-Claude Duvalier s'enfuit d'Haïti (7 février 1986)
Early life
He was born in Port-au-Prince, and was raised in an isolated environment. He attended the most prestigious Haitian schools, College Bird and the Saint Louis De Gonzague College. Later, under the direction of the several prominent professors at the University of Haiti, he studied law but never expressed any particular interest in politics or Haitian affairs. Nevertheless in April 1971 he assumed the presidency of Haiti at the age of 19 upon the death of his father, François Duvalier (nicknamed "Papa Doc"), becoming the world's youngest president. He initially resented the dynastic arrangement that had made him Haiti's leader, having preferred that the presidency go to his older sister Marie-Denise Duvalier, and was content to leave substantive and administrative matters in the hands of his mother, Simone Ovide Duvalier, while he attended ceremonial functions and lived as a playboy.[1]
[edit] Political and economic repression
By neglecting his role in government, Jean-Claude squandered considerable domestic and foreign goodwill and facilitated the dominance of Haitian affairs by a clique of hardline Duvalierist cronies known as the dinosaurs. The public displayed more affection toward Jean-Claude than they had displayed for his more formidable father. Foreign officials and observers also seemed more tolerant toward "Baby Doc," in areas such as human-rights monitoring, and foreign countries were more generous to him with economic assistance. The United States restored its aid program for Haiti in 1971.[2]
Jean-Claude limited his interest in government to various schemes and misappropriations of funds. Much of the Duvaliers' wealth, which amounted to hundreds of millions of dollars over the years, came from the Régie du Tabac (Tobacco Administration). Duvalier used this "nonfiscal account," established decades earlier, as a tobacco monopoly, but he later expanded it to include the proceeds from other government enterprises and used it as a slush fund for which no balance sheets were ever kept.[2]
[edit] Marriage
Jean-Claude miscalculated the ramifications of his May 1980 wedding to Michèle Bennett Pasquet, a mulatto divorcée with an unsavory reputation. François Duvalier had jailed her father, Ernest Bennett, for bad debts and other shady financial dealings. Her first husband, Alix Pasquet, was the son of a well-known mulatto officer who had led an attempt to overthrow Papa Doc Duvalier. Although Jean-Claude himself was light-skinned, his father's legacy of support for the black middle class and antipathy toward the mulatto elite had enhanced the appeal of Duvalierism among the black majority of the population. By marrying a mulatto, Jean-Claude appeared to be abandoning the informal bond that his father had labored to establish. The marriage also estranged the old-line Duvalierists in the government from the younger technocrats whom Jean-Claude had appointed. The Duvalierists' spiritual leader, Jean-Claude's mother, Simone, was eventually expelled from Haiti, reportedly at the request of Michèle Duvalier. With his wife Duvalier had two children, Francois Nicolas and Anya The extravagance of the couple's wedding, which cost an estimated US$3 million, further alienated the people. Popular discontent intensified in response to increased corruption among the Duvaliers and the Bennetts, as well as the repulsive nature of the Bennetts' dealings, which included selling Haitian cadavers to foreign medical schools and trafficking in narcotics. Increased political repression added to the volatility of the situation. Get a free DVD at www.wilmultimedia.com/Wilner.h<wbr>tml
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About Wilner Nau
Haitian American Renaissance man. I am a married man been with my wife for 31 years. I was born in Haiti live in New York for 35 Years. Work for the City of New York. I teach computer literacy, IT consultant. I love New York.
http://myspace.com/wilmultimedia http://nenenau.hi5.com
Haiti earthquake 2010
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Haitian American Renaissance man. I am a married man been with my wife for 31 years. I was born in Haiti live in New York for 35 Years. Work for the City of New York. I teach computer literacy, IT consultant. I love New York.
http://myspace.com/w...
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