Details of Tifinagh, one of the alphabets used to write AMAZIGH languages of Morocco
Tif
Details of Tifinagh, one of the alphabets used to write AMAZIGH languages of Morocco
Tifinagh (in Neo-Tifinagh, Tifinaɣ in Berber AMAZIGH Latin alphabet, pronounced [tifinaɣ]) is an alphabetic script used by some Berbers to write their language. It is not in widespread use as a means of daily communication, but often serves to politically and symbolically assert a Berber AMAZIGH identity.
(more)
(less)
Added: 1 week ago
Views: 508
The Golden Age of Moorish And Numidian Civilisations
During the Middle Ages, Moor was a c
The Golden Age of Moorish And Numidian Civilisations
During the Middle Ages, Moor was a common term to refer to the Muslims of the Islamic Iberian Peninsula and North Africa, who were of Berbers "amazigh" descent. They inhabited the Iberian Peninsula after the Muslim conquests of the Rashidun and Umayyad Caliphates.
Today, the word remains associated with the Morrocan immigrants in Spain, and is considered a pejorative word. It is sometimes used in a wider context to describe any denizen of North Africa. Similarly, in Spanish, the cognate moro is considered a racist and derogative term. But the Spanish still use it and even think of it as a neutral word in local sayings such as "no hay moros en la costa" (lit. "there are no moors on the coast
Although the Moors came to be associated with Muslims, the name Moor pre-dates Islam. It derives from the small Numidian Kingdom of Maure of the third century BC in what is now northern central and western part of Algeria and a part of northern Morocco. The name came to be applied to people of the entire region. "They were called Maurisi by the Greeks," wrote Strabo, "and Mauri by the Romans." During that age, the Maure or Moors were trading partners of Carthage, the independent city state founded by Phoenicians. During the second Punic war between Carthage and Rome, two Moorish Numidian kings took different sides, Syphax with Carthage, Masinissa with the Romans, decisively so at Zama. Thereafter, the Moors entered into treaties with Rome. Under King Jugurtha collateral violence against merchants brought war. Juba, a later king, was a friend of Rome. Eventually, the region was incorporated into the Roman Empire as the provinces of Mauretania Caesariensis and Mauretania Tingitana; the area around Carthage already being the province of Africa. Roman rule was beneficial and effective enough so that these provinces became fully integrated into the empire. During the Christian era, two prominent African churchmen were Tertullian and St. Augustine. After the fall of Rome, the Germanic kingdom of the Vandals ruled much of the area; a century later they were displaced by Byzantine incursions. Neither Vandal nor Byzantine exercised an effective rule, the interior being under Moorish Berber "amazigh" control The Berbers resisted for over 50 years Arab armies from the east. Especially memorable was that led by Kahina"HIHIA" Queen the Berber prophetess of the Awras, during 690-701. Yet by the 92nd lunar year after the Hijra, the Muslims had prevailed across North Africa, some 5.6 million of Iberia's 7 million inhabitants were Muslim by 1200 AD, virtually all of them native inhabitants. The persecution and forced conversion to Catholicism of the Muslim population during the time of the Catholic reconquista in the second part of the 15th century, causing a mass exodus, are considered the main reasons why their number shrank to one-third by 1600.
(more)
(less)
Added: 2 weeks ago
Views: 352
THE AMAZIGH RESISTANCE VS EUROPEAN COLONIAL ARMIES
المقاومة الامازيغية الباسلة ضد الغزاة
THE AMAZIGH RESISTANCE VS EUROPEAN COLONIAL ARMIES
المقاومة الامازيغية الباسلة ضد الغزاة المستعمرين
و ضد الخونة من العرب الانذال
la résistance amazigh contre les colonisateurs français et espagnole et contre les traitres arabes et arabophones .
(more)
(less)
Added: 3 weeks ago
Views: 382
|
The 44 metre high Tour Hassan is situated in Rabat, capital of Morocco. The building of th
The 44 metre high Tour Hassan is situated in Rabat, capital of Morocco. The building of the Tour Hassan and the Grand Mosque -- which was planned to be North Africa's largest - were commissioned at the end of the 12th century by the King of the Almohades "the berbers dynastie", Yacoub El Mansour. However, building of the Mosque was never completed and it gradually fell into decay.
Nearby, the magnificent mausoleum of King Mohammed V and his son, King Hassan II. A successful synthesis of traditional artistic craftsmanship and modern architecture, the magnificent mausoleum was designed by a Vietnamese architect.
A masculine symbol of Rabat, the Tour Hassan stands proud above the ruins of the unfinished mosque. Together with the Royal Mausoleum, the area around the Minaret unites both past and present.
(more)
(less)
Added: 4 weeks ago
Views: 156
Mauretania Tingitana was a Roman province located in northwestern Africa, coinciding rough
Mauretania Tingitana was a Roman province located in northwestern Africa, coinciding roughly with the northern part of modern Morocco and spanish cities of Ceuta and Melilla. The province extended from the northern peninsula, opposite Gibraltar, to Chellah (or Sala) and Volubilis to the south, and as far east as the Oued Laou river.
Its capital city was the city of Tingis, modern Tangier, after which it was named. The major cities of the province included, Volubilis, Lixus, and Tamuda.
In Antiquity, Mauretania was originally an independent Berber kingdom on the Mediterranean coast of north Africa (named after the Maure tribe, after whom the Moors were named), corresponding to western Algeria, and northern Morocco. The kingdom of Mauretania was not sited where modern Mauritania lies, on the Atlantic coast south of Western Sahara.
(môr'ətā'nēə) , ancient district of Africa in Roman times. In a vague sense it meant only "the land of the Moors" and lay W of Numidia, but more specifically it usually included most of present-day N Morocco and W Algeria. The district was not the same as modern Mauritania. It was a complex of native tribal units, but by the 2d cent. B.C. when Jugurtha of Numidia was rebelling against Rome, Jugurtha's father-in-law, Bocchus, had most of Mauretania under his control. The Roman influence became paramount, and Augustus, having met opposition in restoring Juba II (see under Juba I) to the throne of Numidia, placed him instead (25 B.C.) as ruler of Mauretania. Revolts later occurred, and Mauretania was subdued (A.D. 41--A.D. 42); Emperor Claudius I made it into two provinces—Mauretania Caesariensis, with Caesarea (modern Cherchel) as capital, and Mauretania Tingitana, with Tingis (modern Tangier) as capital. Roman influence was never complete, and native chieftains remained powerful
With the rise of the Roman Empire, Mauretania became a Roman 'client' (i.e., vassal) kingdom. The Romans placed Juba II of Numidia there as client-king. When Juba died in 23, his Roman-educated son Ptolemy of Mauretania succeeded him on the throne. Caligula killed Ptolemy of Mauretania in 40. Claudius annexed Mauretania directly as a Roman province in 44, under an imperial (not senatorial) governor.
Not depriving the Mauri of their line of kings would have contributed to preserving loyalty and order, it appears: "The Mauri, indeed, manifestly worship kings, and do not conceal their name by any disguise," Cyprian observed in 247, doubtlessly quoting a geographer rather than personal observation, in his brief euhemerist exercise in deflating the gods entitled On the Vanity of Idols. [citation needed]
In the first century, Emperor Claudius divided the Roman province of Mauretania into Mauretania Caesariensis and Mauretania Tingitana along the line of the Mulucha (Muluya) River, about 60 km west of modern Oran: * Mauretania Tingitana, named after its capital Tingis (now Tangier); it corresponded to the Spanish plaza de soberanía, "sovereign enclave") and northern Morocco * Mauretania Caesariensis, comprising western and central Algeria as far as Kabylia.
Mauretania gave to the empire one emperor, the equestrian Macrinus, who seized power after the assassination of Caracalla in 217 but was himself defeated and executed by Elagabalus the next year.
Since emperor Diocletian's Tetrarchy reform (293), the country was further divided in three provinces, as the small, easternmost region Sitifensis was split off from Mauretania Caesariensis.
The Notitia Dignitatum (circa 400) mentions them still, two being under the authority of the Vicarius of the diocese of Africa: * a Dux et praeses provinciae Mauritaniae et Caesariensis, i.e., a Roman governor of the rank of Vir spectabilis, who also holds the high military command of 'duke', as the superior of eight border garrison commanders, each styled Praepositus limitis, named (genitive forms) Columnatensis, Vidensis, Praepositus limitis inferioris (i.e., lower border), Fortensis, Muticitani, Audiensis, Caputcellensis and Augustensis. * an (ordinary, civilian) Praeses in the province of Mauretania Sitifensis
(more)
(less)
Added: 4 weeks ago
Views: 523
AL ANDALUS
MOORS CIVILISATION-AMAZIGH PEOPLE(MUSLIM/JEWISH) IN The Iberian Peninsula
The
AL ANDALUS
MOORS CIVILISATION-AMAZIGH PEOPLE(MUSLIM/JEWISH) IN The Iberian Peninsula
The Iberian Peninsula, or Iberia, is located in the extreme southwest of Europe, and includes modern day Spain, Portugal, Andorra and Gibraltar
In 711 CE, a North African Moorish Umayyad army invaded Visigothic Christian Hispania. Under their leader Tariq ibn-Ziyad, they landed at Gibraltar and brought most of the Iberian Peninsula under Islamic rule in an eight-year campaign. Al-ʾAndalūs (Arabic الإندلس : Land of the Vandals) is the Arabic name given the Iberian Peninsula by its Muslim conquerors and its subsesquent inhabitants.
The Reconquista, 790-1300.
From the 8th to the 15th centuries, parts of the Iberian peninsula were ruled by the Moors (Berbers) who had crossed over from North Africa. Many of the ousted Gothic nobles took refuge in the unconquered north Asturian highlands. From there they aimed to reconquer their lands from the Moors: this war of reconquest is known as the Reconquista. Christian and Muslim kingdoms fought and allied among themselves. The Muslim taifa kings competed in patronage of the arts, the Way of Saint James attracted pilgrims from all Western Europe and the Jewish population of Iberia set the basis of Sephardic culture.
(more)
(less)
Added: 1 month ago
Views: 1,125
|
