Alien Breed 3D II The Killing Grounds on Commodore Amiga 1200 vintage computer.

[VincentGreece]

I have many Amiga computers, one is with ppc, mediator, 128MB, voodoo3, TV card, SB.

Very expensive hardware that couldn't compeet pc hardware back then.

Commodore lost the battle by not spending money to the machines and hitting Atari...

[jurrasic]

I felt bad selling my beloved A500 with 1gb and 20gb harddrive, but after seeing Wolfenstien 3d, Star Control II and Wing Commander on a 386 that cost the same, it was bye-bye time. A crying shame that Commodore fell apart. I was able to find another 500 years later, but the magic was gone. :(

[SpacialKatana]

lol my 68060 card cost me £600 - having just recently bought a GTX 570 for less than £250 the memories watching this are making me wince inside :p

After watching a m8 play Doom on his PC, the Amiga 1200 went straight in the cupboard and only came out again 8 years later, to be dropped in the bin :D

[SteveBenway]

@SpacialKatana 68060 cards fetch £600 on ebay these days, so it would have been worth keeping :)

[SpacialKatana]

@SteveBenway Doh! /facepalm

[MrRacdavies]

Ahh this brings back memories,btw the amiga wasnt dead when this was released but the damage had already been done,as far as graphics go,it was way ahead of doom,the game ran a hell of a lot better on my amiga 1200 with 6mb ram 060 upgrade,this version looks pixalated like the original doom

[PolyPwnTV]

I never got to play this game, but I did love the original Alien Breed 3D, it was great when you got a headshot and brains would slide down the wall

[diego125able]

Doom 3 DETECTED!!!

[scawq]

When this game came out on the market, the PC was on its way to the success. It was a beautiful game, but too late to save the Amiga scene from the oblivion by the horsepower of the 486DX2 CPU series.

It was a pity, but the Commodore bad commercial strategy [C16, Plus4, CDTV, Amiga CD32, Amiga 3000 and 4000 and so on...] was sustained for all those years by the commercial success of the Commodore 64 and the Amiga. When they run out of funds, they were doomed.

[horsie111]

devlinsakey is perhaps a bit unfair to AB3D2.

The selling point of Quake was true 3D: overlapping multi-floor environments, rather than the staggered 2D maps of Doom; plus 3D monsters. AB3D2 did indeed implement multi-level environments but the monsters were still sprite based, unfortunately. (although that was fine for the playable resolution of the Amiga)

Also: Duke's warping effect was NOT present in AB3D2. Doom didn't have mouselook, else(I think) the view would have warped the same as Duke.

[devlinsakey]

No offence Steve, but it's still a doom-clone engine with lightmaps + a couple of special effects.

-2D sprite world entities. Full textured polygon modeled in quake

-It's still a 2D map with a floor and ceiling heightmap. Full 3D Vertex/Portal Map in quake

-minimal dynamic lights. Gunflash looks like a distance limited fullbright mask

Quake's a BIG step up from this. A better comparison is Duke Nukem 3D due to the multilevel + look up/down illusions (complete with nasty parallax error)

[SteveBenway]

@devlinsakey None taken, and yes, you're right. I think I bought into the "Quake clone" hype that was printed in the magazines back in the day. In retrospect, they were definitely over hyping it.

[horsie111]

@SteveBenway I agree the Amiga magazines were quite embarrassing in that. It was the same desperation to sell the dying Amiga as the almost delusional spin they always tried to place on the sale of the Amiga technology to successive companies, hoping the Amiga still had a future. That's when I stopped buying Amiga Format. They definitely erred on the side of hype - but what else would they have done? :^) Still, it was the Amiga that was #1, and it was great while it lasted.

[beezle1976]

@SteveBenway

It's actually somewhere between the 2. Youre right in regards to this level, but there are a number of enemies that are fully textured 3d models. The weapons are also 3d textured models. Not to the same degree, but even AB3d1 had a couple of enemies that are full 3d (the walker style robot comes to mind.

Incidently there's also an RTG patch, which speeds up the game somewhat if a person has the hardware

[SteveBenway]

@beezle1976 I have the patch here, and on my 060 at least, it makes little (if any) noticeable difference. Quite disappointing really.

[beezle1976]

The RTG patch, or the turbo patch? I noticed you mention the turbo patch in the video, but Im assuming youre running on AGA (it looks it)? The RTG patch allow you to run the game on a graphics board, and a sound card instead of paula. Unfortunately it's either/or, you cant use both concurrently.. Also, are you sure youre using the turbo patch properly? It made a noticable difference for me. Pressing F7 ingame will give you a framerate counter which is a good way to tell if it's applied properly.

[SteveBenway]

@beezle1976 Ah, yes, my mistake for not paying attention. It's the turbo patch I'm using. No graphics card on here. I did try pulling up the framerate counter a few times, and (if I remember correctly, coz this was a couple of years ago) while the numbers it showed may have improved, the movement I saw on the screen was the same, so... make of that what you will :)

[paradust]

@devlinsakey actually ab3d and ab3d ii featured 3d scenery. you could have multiple floors, one on top of another. all floors were flat and even though. certain enemies were textured polygons. what these games had and others didnt at that time was the transparent, rippling water that actually distorted the image and unusual ai - baddies were roaming free the entire level in search for you rather than having fixed routes. i recommend checking out the cd32 soundtrack :)

[devlinsakey]

No offence Steve, but it's still a doom-clone engine with lightmaps + a couple of special effects.

-2D sprite world entities. Full textured polygon modeled in quake

-It's still a 2D map with a floor and ceiling heightmap. Full 3D Vertex/Portal Map in quake

-minimal dynamic lights. gunflash looks like a distance limited fullbright mask

Quake's a BIG step up from this. A better comparison is Duke Nukem 3D due to the multilevel + look up/down illusions (complete with nasty parallax error)

[TheEPROM9]

That is so laggy, how can you play it like that. Mind you I played HL2 on my PC for years with horrible lag (just about playerble) but the game was worth it.

[SteveBenway]

@TheEPROM9 It's all relative. 3D like this on the Amiga was a big deal back then, and compared to some games, the framerate on this isn't bad. Obviously it doesn't stand up well today, or indeed, compared to many PC games out at the same time as this. But as an Amiga game, it was something special.

[praptaku]

@TheEPROM9 I was playing Cytadela (Wolf/Doom clone) on a "naked" Amiga 500 with only mem expansion.. when I think of it it's been like... 1-3 fps when on fullscreen? For it to be playable I had to be satisfied with a screen size a bit bigger than a credit card..

[OhFishyFish]

Nice game, but why on earth are aliens exploding when killed?

[SteveBenway]

@OhFishyFish Good point. It's probably less memory intensive, requiring fewer frames of animation etc. Just a guess on my part :)

[slentzz]

i bet this game needs a really powerfull graphic card like a 580 gtx to run it

[SteveBenway]

@slentzz This being an Amiga 1200, it doesn't have a graphics card. It's running on the standard AGA chipset, but has a beefy CPU on board.

[slentzz]

@SteveBenway what if i wanna run it or like emulate on my pc i would definitely gonna need a powerfull processor like a powerfull i7 or a powerfull amd likes of phenom x6 and yes i would definitely need a super duper graphic card like a 580 gtx or better.

[pundewhee]

Speaking of Amiga fps's, I didn't see a video of Breathless on your Amiga playlist, you probably don't have the game. Great 1996 Amiga fps.

I may be wrong but I remember you saying you don't want any more games because you have no room (or something), but I'd be willing to send my original boxed copy of Breathless free of charge (I'm no collector and have no use for it). The only catch would be that you promised you perhaps might do a video of it in the next 20 years time or so :)

[kingangelbiddy]

this looks better then the Sega Saturn system ...

[madcapoperator]

Any idea how this would run on a bog standard A1200? ;)

[SteveBenway]

@madcapoperator Probably not at all :P

[arcturus06]

@madcapoperator If I'm remembering right, the original retail game came with two versions, an 2mb and a 4mb+ version. The 4mb version is the one shown here, whereas the 2mb version was more comparable to the original AB3D, with its tiny viewport and chunky pixels. It would run at a playable level on a standard A1200, however, it lacked floor and ceiling textures, so it actually looked worse than its predecessor.

[BuckFastZombie]

I bought it! It ran in a 2 inch window, at around 5 FPS! This isnt a great game. It was thrown together as a bit of a graphical showpiece, to what could be done! I have the game in an EXE file from "The Company". They do collections of amiga games that just run as an EXE file! Brilliant! Cant seem to enjoy this though. Original AB3D is ok! How much would it have cost you back then for a fully upgraded Amiga that would run Doom, etc? I was looking in an old Amiga Format Mag £4000 for a good Amiga

[jarnoob]

@madcapoperator i once triend, the fps was about 0.5 (1screen in 2 seconds) :P

[doncruickshank]

@madcapoperator The game came with two versions. The other one (that isn't shown in the video) used the earlier AB3D 1 engine which ran fine on the stock A1200.

[ojalaqueque]

Looks really good, but why enemies are SO RED????

[alxxz]

Didn't Alien Breed 3D 1 & 2 have any in-game level music?

[gingergingerginger1]

Seems like an increase of mouse sensitivity might help?

[triton92xx]

are you running crossfireX with that?

[SteveBenway]

@triton92xx I'm playing this game on real Amiga hardware, not emulating it on a PC, so.... no :)

[BerggreenDK]

so we have DOOM on Amiga :-)

[nicholasthetaylor]

Hello Steve. I've been enjoying your reviews. I was an avid follower of the Amiga computer and I'm shocked to see Alien Breed 3D 2 running so poorly on an 060 powered a1200. I have a bog standard a1200 waiting to be upgraded. Do you know what you would need to upgrade to in order to get this game running at >/= 30fps?

[SteveBenway]

@nicholasthetaylor The 060 is the fastest 68k cpu you can find for the Amiga, and as far as I know, they didn't do a PPC port of this game.

That being the case, the only way you can get this running more smoothly is to run it on WinUAE or Amiga Forever emulators, and crank the speed up to beyond what was possible on a real Amiga.

[nicholasthetaylor]

@SteveBenway Thanks for the quick response. Out of interest, does it have an option where you can make the screen smaller? If so, at what screen size does it run smoothly on your 060 set up? Sorry for the 20 questions (well ..2 atleast). Tell me to shut up if I'm asking too many. The last thing I want is to put you off uploading youtubes. I'm quite fond of your down to earth, friendly type game reviews. Especially as you have Amiga wisdom too. I'm impressed by WinUAE, but I'd rather not use it

[SteveBenway]

@nicholasthetaylor There is a screen size option, if memory serves (it's some time since I played it last, so I may be mistaken).

Despite appearances, the gameplay in this video isn't full screen. I just had the camera zoomed in on it.

You'd have to go to a pretty small size to get really fluid movement.

[hotrodswe]

@SteveBenway

You got two options as with AB3D 1 AFAIK and on my a4k with a CSPPC (would be the same with a CS Mk 3) it was very playable and fast with the smaller size. However that card was much faster with 68k software compared with the Apollo 4060 that I had before that so depending of your CPU card it might make a difference. Also I don't know how a Blizzard card compares to the CyberStorm? The Apollo had some low-power 060 wich the CS didn't. Also RAM might've been faster.

[HeLLVaderous]

I play this game on emulator.once had Amiga :)

[HeLLVaderous]

play on mouse???? or keyboard???

[SteveBenway]

@HeLLVaderous Both :)

[kelteel]

I did like AB3d. I liked the 1st better though. Also because my 1200 wasn;t capable of running AB3dII that well. The atmosphere was great. The game might not have been as good as DooM, but it's a classic nonetheless for me.

[NekGuitar]

6:02 ARGHHH flying bikini!!!

[stevieu83]

lol, the 'y-fronts' comment really tickled me :)

[potis21]

If you feel you really have to see what kind of 3d Amiga had pumped out, Check some episode of Seaquest DSV or the 1st cycle of Babylon 5.

And it was used back then as a rendering machine, same way Avatar is rendered today by PhysX clusters, just because IT WAS THE ONLY ENGINE CAPABLE OF DOING IT at that price.

Silicon Valley clusters had the same output at half the rendering time but at 10 times the cost.

[TheTurnipKing]

Sadly, the truth is that it simply _wasn't_ worth upgrading the Amiga. A machine like the one you're using would have cost in the region of thousands of pounds and required a lot of work to build, and as long as you were spending that much anyway, you could have a shit up to date PC with a proper 3D accelerator card.

[SteveBenway]

@TheTurnipKing It's true, upgrading to this level of hardware was stupidly expensive.

What's surprising is just how many people did upgrade... but it wasn't enough to justify the development costs for games like this.

Such a shame the Amiga went out the way it did. Mismanagement and greed being the main culprits.

[thomashinton1]

@SteveBenway If you were active in the demo scene an 68030 (40-50mhz) with 4MB of fastram was standard. So a lot of people did it. In that configuration it was awesome and made PC users envious.

That Commodore didn't include fastram from the get go, just illustrated their incompetence.

Breathless was a great 3D game btw. Look it up.

[nicholasthetaylor]

@TheTurnipKing I felt the same way. The accelerators all got mixed reviews in the magazines, and it seemed like a gamble as to whether I'd be able to get games running. If I chose 060 then I'd have to put the Amiga into a tower unit which really put me off, and then I found out that the games weren't running smooth. saying that though, if Blizzard had released an accelerator that included hardware that could run games similar to the playstation or the saturn then I would have paid a lot for one

[Fwjchimx]

that is still 2D

look at the graphic and it isn't even 3D look at the fuking graphics!!!

and he is wrong it isn't worth it don't believe him!!!!

[SteveBenway]

@Fwjchimx Do grow up.

[TheGylbert]

@Fwjchimx It is 3D it's. That's way 3D looked in that time.

[gibs2b]

@Fwjchimx clap clap clap !

[NexussVI]

I remember. I always wanted that game. But even on my Blizzard 040/40MHz that game works like turtle. Today I finished ALien Breed II on WinUAE. Breathless was much faster and had better atmosphere.

[SteveBenway]

@NexussVI I remember thinking at the time, it was very odd that they'd make a game which even with the fastest processor available, it still needed more power.

They do that kind of thing quite often now with the PC, but then the PC isn't about to drop dead.

[TheTurnipKing]

@SteveBenway There was a demand for that kind of game. And those kind of games fed a demand for improved hardware. Sadly none of the companies that had the rights to the Amiga ever produced better Amigas, spending most of their time continuiting to sell Commodore's old stock for very high prices.

[Borin81]

i never got that far into Amigas, i had switched to PC after Commodore died in 1994.

so this game is totally unknown to me.

[rvounik]

@Borin81 I guess you are in for some more surprises if you start digging then :)

[Borin81]

well i got as far as A1200, but i never ehard of this game even then.

[SteveBenway]

@Borin81 This is one of those games that came out after the Amiga was supposedly already dead.

It didn't sell well as many people had already abandoned the Amiga, and many that hadn't, didn't have a high enough spec machine to play the game.

[GinBlog82]

It was a good engine for that time, but the textures are terrible and the game design is awful in general. Amiga quake is way better. Good engine = good game? Absolutely not. The textures are trying to be realistic incorrectly the appearance of the characters is too skinny, also genetic species is better than this overestimated piece of crap. It seems the last breath of a computer before his death.

[RGBGamer]

Will this run on a CD32 with SX32 MKII, 8mb RAM, WHDload?

[trezzer]

@RGBGamer It should. It can run on an A1200 with 2 megs of ram.

[RGBGamer]

Oh good. Is this available for WHDload?

I have an Amiga CD32 with SX32 MKII, 8mb RAM, which is basically an A1200

[trezzer]

I imagine it is. Only have the original floppies myself, but pretty much everything is these days.

[nicholasthetaylor]

@RGBGamer I have heard of people getting this to run on an SX32, but I think you need to install an accelerator too. I can't remember what the minimum spec is, but like people are saying, this still runs slow on an 060

[Onebloodygrenade]

I thought they were flying undies too!

[JRBHunkyMonkey]

This. Is. Shit. :|

[TheRoboticFerret]

Wait, I paid money for WinUAE, and The Killing Grounds lags like crap when I run in A1200 mode! The rom file for the A3000 is unavailable for some reason, and I can't get the A4000 rom to work! :( I paid like 50 bucks for WinUAE from Cloanto!

[TheRoboticFerret]

Alright, forget my first comment, I got the A4000 mode to work, and I found one guy's configuration settings for AB3D2 and got this game to work, AND Alien Breed 3D 1! Woo-hoo these are good games! Creepy, though. :P

[Dark0z12]

@TheRoboticFerret

Just BUY a real Amiga ;) only 50bucks +- and you have a retro machine!

[TheRoboticFerret]

Actually, I finally got this game running as smooth as butter on WinUAE a few weeks ago. Now that I know more about Amiga computers, it is much easier to function these games. Thanks for the heads up, though, knowing me and my obsessive retro game collection, I'll probably end up with an Amiga someday. :P

[TheRoboticFerret]

Actually, to be more precise, I've got an AB3D 2: TKG video on my channel now. :)

[stsberlin]

Hey steve , i agree with you that´s a great game for amigas , but i think there must be also a graphic card inside your commodore , maybe a cybervision 3d or something like that , cause the colours are much brighter and the surroundings are sharper than original .

It looks only nearly the same on my A 1200 with an apollo 1240/40 and 32 MB Fastram ( certainly a bit slower ) .

Nethertheless another great retrovideo from you !

[SteveBenway]

There is no graphics card inside my Amiga. I wish there was. This game is running entirely on the AGA chipset, with an 060 cpu... nothing more.

[simonezannotti]

and this is only the start of the game..

[BlooditeDrakan]

This looks rather amusing. I remember seeing a brief glimpse in a motion slide show of Amiga games and wondered what it was truly like deep down.

Too bad this was only on the Amiga, as I can't afford to get one in any matter thus I can't get this game. Oh well, it looked good.

[SteveBenway]

It's a fun if flawed game, but you do need a really souped up Amiga to play it.

A better bet would be to use an emulator.... and it's not often I'd suggest that... lol.

[FrogmortonHotchkiss]

I actually mind this; was v good.

This dude has a classic English geek voice - respect. The trendy geeks came along and all but wiped you guys out like the poor old red squirrel, eh?

[SteveBenway]

I say old chap, that's just not cricket, what? ;)

[blade004]

I really looked forward to this 2nd installment but it ran way too slow on my A1200 030@50 back then so i could NEVER actually enjoy it, but if the funds had allowed me back then, i would have certainly upped my Amiga to an 060 to play this :)

[GodofLegacy]

my amiga 1200 had 22mb ram and a 68030 at 40mhz, and this game played pretty well, tho did slow down when multiple enemies where in the frame.. it was very good and pumped the adrenaline... for actual graphics tho there was a game called Breathless which IMO the better.. but this game had the best atmosphere :-)

[rvounik]

well, the breathless engine looked better because it had none of this atmospheric lighting stuff like in this game :) but genetic species beats them all, tbh.

[alright28]

fantastic game, really eerie, great atmosfaire.. unfortunately i had an unexpanded amiga at the time it was released, and the 2mb version sucked heavily compared to this one.. now i can play the game again with the UAE but i would like to ask something that might seem sillly: how the heck do you activate the "mouse look" feature you seem to use?? i can't find anything like this in the controls, is there a patch or something? thanks in advance..

[SteveBenway]

I was thinking "I'm gonna have to get back to you on that one" coz I couldn't remember, but yay for original software... I had the box with the instructions sitting right next to me... lol

Press M to activate the mouse.

I believe there's an option to redefine the keys somewhere in the main menu too.

[alright28]

thank you very much mate! found the mouse control and i redifined the keys to work like "traditional" doom clones, but how silly is the fact that when in mouse control, the "walk forward" button can only be the default left mouse button? by this and some other dump "features" they have ruined a game that could have been a classic.. oh well.. :(

[SteveBenway]

I speak on all of my retro gaming videos. That's how my subscribers like it.

Seriously, if you don't like it, hit the mute button, or don't watch.

Being abusive just shows everyone else the kind of person you are.

And really... if you were sorry, you wouldn't have said it in the first place.

[68040E]

looks like its running nice - i was actually asked to port this to ppc by epic marketing.

The amiga for me is as you say what suits you, personally i feel that the OS is now amiga, since the hardware is so old now yet the OS is still not showing too much age.

[Foebane72]

This looks like Doom with Quake-style lighting.

[aga060]

with turbopatch in fullscreen 1x1 8-10 fps

and without its 7-8 fps (50mhz)

there is also an fps counter included,but its disabled in your video???

[aga060]

is this in fullscreen 1x1?

for me it runs to smooth for 060/50 including

the turbopatch.

and where is the fps counter?

[SteveBenway]

It's not running in full screen. I had the camera zoomed in on the main game area, but not the outer sections of the screen.

I've tried this game with and without the turbo patch, and found it made no real difference.

[ddniUK]

Nice video,

the lighting effects in this game never cease to impress.

People seem to forget that for the Amiga to display 1 bit of chunky graphics, it has to process 8 bits of data. PCs can natively display chunky data so avoid the Chunky to Planar conversion overheads.

[Adropacrich2]

But yes i guess why the Amiga was unable to keep up in the way maybe people wanted was because it just wasn't a PC

Thing is i still use my Amiga over playing PC games and that says quite a lot

[Adropacrich2]

Amiga is typically summed up in the minds of most i think as the way ahead of anything at the time games machine.The idea of upgrading just wasn't what most Amiga users wanted and they likely ended up with a console for their gaming

Also a smaller percentage would have upgraded their Amiga and a larger chunk would have got the latest PC if they could afford

So yeah i think Amiga could only really survive the way it did for so long anyway as many had a console like mentality of buy1machine

[Adropacrich2]

Indeed.The truth was that i found my thrills outside of the Amiga after about early 95 even though i always kept one for writing music and fave games

Got myself a Playstation and to be fair nothing on Amiga could ever be as good as what i got here - same too with Snes and Megadrive though the Amiga had some true gems the consoles could only wish for

I guess it's what machine you end up going with though really as i would have to some degree i think, enjoyed playing what there was later on

[Adropacrich2]

While not trying to take too much away from this being perhaps a little impressive being that it's on an amiga(68060 mind which i guess not many people had), Amiga shooters of this type were mostly rubbish compared to what PC had,and only worth playing if you didn't have a PC

This is still much more a Doom clone than a Quake and it's not brilliant tbh

Love the Amiga but this wasn't what it was all about though

Sorry by the way for always being so negotive it seems regarding these videos

[SteveBenway]

Many fps's on the Amiga most certainly were rubbish, and yeah, this falls somewhere between Quake and Doom. The scenery is 3D, but the baddies appear to be sprites.

In terms of gameplay, not remotely ground breaking... many pc shooters were better, but I just love it for pushing the Amiga beyond what was ever expected of it.

Also bear in mind that this game (all 17 levels) comes on just 3 floppy disks, and runs in 4megs of ram. Now that's what I call efficient.

[Adropacrich2]

I loved the Amiga for what it was and how it delivered using only what it had to start with ie no upgrades to the standard A500 or A1200

I think by the time FPS had truly arrived on Amiga in the form of these more ambitous shooters, the whole point of what Amiga was thought to be, had changed because you needed the upgrade

It's all interesting stuff though and iv'e followed it all pretty closely but Amiga for me will always be what it delivered using just the standard hardware

[SteveBenway]

It's called progress.

Commodore/Escom/Gateway failed to keep the Amiga hardware up to date, so if Amiga owners wanted to keep up with the competition, and play the more impressive games, they had no option but to upgrade.

And remember... this wasn't just a games machine. Hardware expansion paid off with so much of the productivity software on the Amiga.

To keep an Amiga standard was to miss out on so much.

[SteveBenway]

I do think I understand what you mean though. Later hardware and software was not in keeping with Jay Miner's original vision.

It does bear considering though that even the Amiga 500 was not in keeping with his vision. Miner had nothing to do with the 500, much less anything that followed, and he actively discouraged Amiga 1000 owners from upgrading to 2000s.

So at the end of the day, what is a "real" Amiga?

I'd say it's whatever suits you best.

To me, it was much more than a games console.

[rvounik]

now that is a great comment :)

[lukemorse1]

I have to admit myself that I'm very impressed with the looks of this game for sure. Judging the time of the release and the processor that it's using that is really amazing. At the time it must have been just mind blowing. Great video.

[NabilRU]

What's that orange creature supposed to be? :P

[SteveBenway]

It's some kind of alien dog thing.

[DeanoTheLegend87]

Quite a nifty looking game.

Any plans to do system reviews like your ZX80, Enterprise & Jupiter Ace vids, really enjoyed them.

[SteveBenway]

Yeah, I keep toying with the idea, so quite probably in the near future.

[DVD2409]

is the amiga 1200 that big tower one you have?

[SteveBenway]

Yes, though a standard 1200 looks nothing like that.

They're normally the shape of a large keyboard, with the motherboard, drives and everything in that keyboard case.

[bimlala1]

Another interesting video, Steve. Thank you!