@potholer54 hello potholer, is it known to what extent is the paternal mtDNA transmitted during fertilization of the egg and whether recombination occurs with maternal mtDNA? If does, how does it influence the theory of mtEVE?
evolution was designed by the masons(erasmus darwin the grandfather of charles) as a means of control. since they were unable to control Christianity's spread they found a new means of undermining it, "evolution", under the false guise of science. ladies and gentlemen, the only reason evolutionists allow themeselves to be blinded by the obvious around them is a unified hatred of accountability to something higher than man. It is the extreme in arrogance and will soon be crushed by truth.
@solinari399 Lastly, a little education how science works: Evidence is discovered, evaluated presented for peer review and after much corroborating evidence, accepted by the scientific community. Only then is it added to text books and taught as science. Evolution has passed that criteria, Creationism has not come close. Don't tell me about your origin myth ideas, Have your hypothesis go through the science process and have evolution overturned, Then call me. I'll accept it then.
@solinari399 Yes, you and every other pseudo scientific belief system has their own conspiratorial narrative why their pet loony ideas are not accepted by science. Stand in line with the UFO abductees, 9-11 Truthers, Hollow earthers, Bigfoot fans, ESPers, Telekinesis, Numerologists, doomdayers, yadda yadda yadda.
@coolgreyoneabby '9-11 Truthers' U better take another look at the facts of 9-11 so you dont continue announcing to the rest of us who know better how ignorant you are; at least about 9-11.
@winston2015 I have. and the 9-11 truthers are just as dogmatically tied to their mythology as Creationists. The "truthers" evidence has been looked at, evaluated and debunked. Read Popular Mechanics point by point. "Truthers" had their day and didn't
@winston2015 In addition to lack of evidence that stands up to any real scrutiny, the "truther" narrative makes no sense. If using explosives, why bother with planes? How do you get the plane to hit exactly where the explosives are installed? Wouldn't you risk the detonation system getting destroyed by the planes? What US government agency would kill our own innocent people and be confident that no one would blow the whistle? What a stupid plan if it were real !
@coolgreyoneabby I used to say the same thing. Crashing planes into the buildings would have been enough to fulfill some "agenda" as some truthers say the Government had. Or blowing up the buildings without the planes. Car bombs have been detonated at the WTC in the past, so why did they have both of them? People lack understanding of the structural aspects of the buildings and don't understand how they collapsed so they say it LOOKS like a controlled det, so it "was"
Hey I just have some questions. 1. Why would a population that stays put have more genetic variation than a mobile one? I'm assuming that some percentage of the mobile populations settle down somewhere at some point, no? 2. Why is the inhibition of vitamin D production a disadvantageous trait in northern climates but an advantageous one in Africa? Thanks for all the info btw.
@robocock100 I don't know about number 1. As for number 2: You need a certain amount of vitamin D for your body to function. Melanin reduces vitamin D intake through the skin. So it is bad in areas where the sun is weak. But it also provides a certain level of protection against sun damage. So because the sun is so 'sharp' in Africa the reduction in vitamin D caused by melanin is not harmfull. At least that's my understanding of it.
@robocock100 2. It's not the inhibition of vitamin D production that's an advantageous trait; it's the protection of folate from UV rays. We need melanin to keep our folate from being destroyed (as well as to prevent sun burns and DNA damage), but we also need sunlight in order to synthesize vitamin D. Human skin tone is a delicate evolutionary balancing act. Typically speaking, the closer a population is to the equator, the darker their skin is.
As a Christian who strongly believes in the teaching of pure science and enlightened thinking, I greatly enjoy your videos. Much thanks is due for all your selfless hard work in making series like this one. I look forward to more of your videos. Please keep them coming!
As a Christian who strongly believes in the teaching of pure science and enlightened thinking, I greatly enjoy your videos. Much thanks is due to your for all your selfless hard work in making series like this one. I look forward to more of your videos. Please keep them coming!
I laughed at the last bit. When Thomas Cook conducted his first tour over half had not even been out of the county. Now I know the English don't travel far but that's funny. Thanks so much for explaining what is complex to us simple folk. LOL
@KasparHauser6 Evolution has nothing to do with the British. Looks to me like you are a religious creationists. Evolution is accepted worldwide by every real scientific body that conducts peer reviewed science on human origins. We have the fossil record, DNA record and archeological record to back it up. Museums are full of evidence. You just don't know about it. If you believe in Creationism, you are hanging your hat on nothing more than religious superstition.
@coolgreyoneabby I can understand you coming to that conclusion about me. It is not accurate though. The claim in the video I was addressing was not about evolution ( I am on board on that one) But purported discovery of the remains of a 9,000 year old man in the UK and then saying that they had found one of his descendants still living nearby. This is the sort of National pride that motivated the Brits to invent the Piltdown man long ago. I don't trust it.
@coolgreyoneabby ...evolution is a faith, not a science. you extend time to billions of years to say something "might" happen slowly over that time, thus protecting your "theology" from having to be actually tested and observed. You use a proven FAIL system of dating as well as assume bones are guaranteed to have offspring. You cannot use fossils to back evolution. remember the world once all agreed(the top minds) that the planet was flat. so called scientists like you slow progress.
@solinari399 Your world view is obviously shaped by religion. The ironic thing is that you attempt to insult scientific investigation by using the words "faith" and "theology"; the exact mindset that polluted your own perception of reality. It is as if you were insulted by science pointing out that your world view was simply based on faith and theology, so your retort was like a 6 year old to say the same thing back, as if that made any sense.
@solinari399 The assumption is that the offspring we see today had parents and they had parents before them. Yes you can use fossils to support evolution as only one of many sources of evidence that independently show that evolution is reality. You just don't like the answer because of your religious belief system.
I don't see why they discovered only one descendant of Chedder (sp?) Man. I mean if he's 9,000 years old, chances are most English people are direct descendants of him, just how it is estimated that almost 9/10 Frenchmen are direct descendants of Charlemagne, who only lived 1,200 years ago or so...
I don't see why they discovered only one descendant of Chedder (sp?) Man. I mean if he's 9,000 years old, chances are most English people are direct descendants of him, just how it is estimated that almost 9/10 Frenchmen are direct descendants of Charlemagne, who only lived 1,300 years ago or so...
@Wotanraven Well, Britain has had a lot of invasions and migration events (Romans, Vikings, William the Conquerer, the picts, ... to name just a few). That would explain why so few people alive today are descended from a 9000 year old skeleton in britain. Most English people's ancestors would only have come to the british isles in Roman or medieval times long after Chedder man's day. (I don't know if this is correct, I'm merely proposing an explanation here)
@Wotanraven In a book by Richard Dawkins, The Ancestors Tale, it is explained that the further you go into the past a greater number of people are ancestors to a fewer number of actual people, something like "some thousands years ago, only 20% of the population became ancestors to the people today", until finally, thousands of years further back, you are either an ancestor to everyone alive today, or of none at all. It is very interesting
I have come to utterly detest the corrosive and stultifying effect that religion has on the human mind. This, the truth (or as near to it as we can currently estimate) is so much better. Thanks potholer.
i believe all of you are looking at these ideas from the wrong direction. first of all, although man has the ability to"adapt" over time to differing climates to a small degerr, the human species as well as plants and animals are not evolving into something better, or something else period. historical and signifigant archeological evidence shows all life in a state of devolvement, including the basic structure of life giving properties of our world and even galaxy.
@solinari399 Evolution is definitely not about getting better or worse, it's just change (adaptation), and enough change will eventually create something which we'd call a different species, or "something else". It would be nice to see the evidence for a "devolvement".
Something is very wrong with this. He said "everyone became civilized in different parts of the world at the same time" That is a pure lie! Farming appeared in the fertile crescent and only spread out to the rest of the world after.
He also said that people lost the melanin after leaving Africa,but that does not explain why Asians have yellowish skin and Europeans are white when we lived on the same parallel and general same temperatures. What BS propaganda this is...
@Skin828 yellow is a light shade of brown, its more melanin than a European but less melanin than an an African. its largely to do not with the latitude (though that plays a part) but in how much average sunlight a region receives. Europe, especially more northern where the anglo saxons came from (around germany, netherlands, and scandanavia that area) receives very little light, in part from cloud cover and rain but also because of the ice age.
@Skin828 (cont)while mainland chinese are more yellow ainu(native japanese) were pale, this contributes in part to the paler look of japanese verses mainland chinese, while those further south such as india and Pakistan are much darker.
now just to be clear, latitude DOES play a part, light is more direct in equatorial areas and more indirect in northern latitudes. but that is just one part in determining the average amount of sunlight an area receives. and that determines the amount of melanin.
@tuseroni Theres something wrong with what you just said. Why do Mediterranean and Arab peoples look nothing like South-China when they live on the exact same parallel? Hell why is there such a big difference between Indians and Arabs or any Asians around the same area? Just doesn't make sense...
Anyways melanin does not answer why we all have such big differences in physical characteristics when many humans lived in the same kind of areas like the American Indians vs Africans...
@Skin828 again, its a question of average annual sunlight exposure, the Mediterranean and in fact all of Europe, lies in an area where the warm water from the south comes upward on its way to greenland, this mixes with the cold air coming down from greenland and the result is rain and clouds (but a rather nice overall temperature) Ireland gets this the worst, then Britain.
add to that basic genetic difference of a few million years between the first migration and the second and it makes sense.
@Skin828 Why do Bulldogs look different from Poodles? Evolution and breeding. Not all climates and terrains are the same. Some were more bright, others more cold, some more rocky, others open to harsh winds. If you cannot understand this you do not understand evolution. I suggest going back and viewing the rest of this series.
@AvalonDraconis The evolution theory is flawed itself so none of you make sense! But I guess if everyone believes the same universal lies then only we are wrong and you are all so godly smart...LMAO
All my life I truly believed we did evolve but for the last year... I have doubts! Mutation or genetic manipulation is not evolution!
@Skin828 Mutation and genetic manipulation IS evolution. Evolution is the reason people get flu shots every year, because the virus EVOLVES. Evolution is a fact, and has been proven again and again. The only people who say evolution is false are those who don't understand it. Go to one of the MANY evolution sites out there, or check out the MANY videos here. AronRa, DonExodus2, BrettPalmer and Thunderf00t are all great people to learn from as well as potholder.
@Skin828 on that farming comment. Check out Kenneth L. Feder "The past in perspective" I think Pothole was not wrong, perhaps it was a little generalistic for your liking. But you know also that the definitive attached to the term "farming" (when it started) was itself up for contention given the diversity of advanced sedintary practices evidenced across the globe. "Also Mutation or genetic manipulation..." GM is just a (tool / practice) the advanced equivalent to selective breeding/seeding.
@MadMuz2000 =I think Pothole was not wrong= Actually, I was misquoted. After Skin828's misquote was exposed I notice he's disappeared, probably with his tail between his legs.
@potholer54 Lol apt phrase. "tail between his legs" Perhaps evolution has T-boned a loop. From his tone, he seemed excited about finding something he could comment on negatively. I don't reckon he misquoted on purpose. Just an opinion though. Hopefully he picks up some texts to put a counter response together. He should learn about 100 more things than what he didn't know before. Some motivations to learn come from errors we make. Its the cool neuro-mechanism of survival we have.
@Skin828 Mutation and natural selection whuld be evolution. Mutations are random but their survavibility is not. Most mutations are harmlessa and responsible for the simple difrences between individuals like shape of nose and color of hair. few are harmfull, but some are very usefull like, longer legs for runing or shorter legs for cold climate to preserve heat. You allso dont seeme to undestand difrence between mutation and genetic manipulation or artifical selection.
@Skin828 "The evolution theory is flawed itself" If it is flawed, its flaws will be discovered by researchers in the biological sciences not by some ignroant dickhead on YouTube.
@Skin828 =He said "everyone became civilized in different parts of the world at the same time" = This is such obvious nonsense (it means aborigines and laplanders became 'civilized' at the same time as mesopotamians) that it's pretty obvious you just made this up. Please don't do that. It's not only dishonest, but it's disrespectful. Quote what I said accurately, and I will be happy to defend what I said. Don't ask me to defend something you invented.
@potholer54 ...what? Read my post again! FFS The quote is the exact words the narrator said! What the fuck did I make up? Even you agree that (and this is your words) "This is such obvious nonsense" and in my words I said "That is a pure lie!"...
So you agree with me,then disagree with me about the same quote saying I invented something!?
@Skin828 when did he say that, the words i remember him saying was that the people in the fertile crescent and the yellow river developed an agrarian civilization around the same time.
please give the time index he said the quote you claim he said.
@tuseroni ...those are MY WORDS, not the quote!! Do you even know how to read a quote from text? And you people try to teach us about our history?
Look here. The part about farming starts at 4:40 watch?v=vAosPI8CQ8M
From Wikipedia: Quotation marks are written as a pair of opening and closing marks in either of two styles: single (‘…’) or double (“…”), and may take "curly" or "straight" glyphs. Straight glyphs – single ('…') or double ("…") – are often preferred in online writing...
@Skin828 "FFS The quote is the exact words the narrator said"(in reference to a quote which potholer quoted from YOU) you are saying here that those words you said are in the exact word the narrator said, and i asked YOU to give a citation of when he said those exact words. do try to keep up.
@tuseroni LMAO you didnt understand... the words in the " " are the narrators words, the rest are mine...
Yes, I did watch the other parts of this video but just wanted to point it out here since this is where the narrator said it,in case people stop viewing and believe what he said...That was it...
Am I the only one who finds this easy to see/read? Man, its hard for people to understand comparisons and the pointing out of facts! Even the dope heads and flunkies understood me back in school...
@Skin828 the problem is you misquoted him, then went and argued on something he wasnt saying for no good reason. in fact you argued exactly what he was saying(well you left out the yellow valley but whatever)
and you reason for doing this is just silly, you should assume someone watched the whole video unless they do something stupid like you did and argue against a portion of the video and not the rebuttal
maybe if you werent so full of yourself you would realize that the problem lies with YOU.
@tuseroni "everyone became civilized in different parts of the world at the same time"
This up here is the fucking quote! Clean your ears,put the sound high up on your speakers and start the vid at 5:36. Now as he says it, read the words in the quote.
Anyways,why are you responding for potholer54? Maybe you are him? Well he cant seem to defend is own position anyways,as seen in by video response...
Now stfu and go kill yourself instead of twisting my words around RETARD!
@Skin828 =Clean your ears= OK, as I suspected, you completely misquoted me. At 5:36 I said: “Why did they become civilized in different parts of the world at the same time?” You claim I said "everyone became civilized in different parts of the world at the same time." Misquoting is dishonest. Clean your own ears.
@Skin828 "Am I the only one who finds this easy to see/read? Man, its hard for people to understand comparisons and the pointing out of facts! Even the dope heads and flunkies understood me back in school..." You are a genius and we are all brainwashed morons.
@Skin828 ok, i see your error now, he said "why did they suddenly become civilized at different parts of the world at the same time" as a lead up to explain that is NOT what happened and to explain the evidence for why that is NOT the case. you did watch past that part right?
@Skin828 Potholder is making a comment on what was taught. As always, people quote mine without looking at the context. His words were:
"What we learned in primary school is that stone age humans were hunter gatherers living in small tribes, then all of a sudden they discovered farming, settled down, built towns, and invented writing. But if humans have been around for over 100 thous years, why did they suddenly become civilized..."
@Skin828 You are a damn lier you know that. puting words in other peoples mouth is lowest of the low. Allso, we did loose most of our melanin when we moved out of africa, not all of it but most of it. we did not loose the gene for it however. it can still be activated if enviormental conditions change.
@Skin828 Rice was domesticated in Asia independent from the domestication events of the fertile crescent and in Latin America the Aztecs, Incas and Maya also developped their civilizations seperate from the fertile crescent.
@Skin828 "He also said that people lost the melanin after leaving Africa,but that does not explain why Asians have yellowish skin and Europeans are white when we lived on the same parallel and general same temperatures." Just because you don't understand something it doesn't mean that it is "BS propaganda". Euro. and E. Asians were separate populations so there is no _a priori_ reason to expect that their skins lightened for exactly the same reason and via the same genetic mechanism...
@Skin828 "These results simultaneously and strongly suggest that Europeans and East Asians have evolved lighter skin independently and via distinct genetic mechanisms...analyses of HapMap data corroborate this suggestion in identifying 2 a priori pigmentation candidate genes, ADAM17 and ATRN, that show evidence of strong, population-specific selection in East Asians...
@Skin828 ...Although both of these genes are associated with pigmentation variation in mice, they also have other effects outside of the pigmentation system, including the development of the central nervous system and energy homeostasis (ATRN)...
@Skin828 ...further investigation will be required to confirm the role of these genes in regulating normal pigmentation variation as well as the potential selective event that has shaped the observed patterns of genetic variation." ["Genetic Evidence for the Convergent Evolution of Light Skin in Europeans and East Asians"; Norton et al; 2006; Molecular Biology and Evolution
@Skin828 So the _prima facie_ evidence is the the East Asians faced a different selective pressure than the Europeans and for that reason their skin lightening is distinct from European lightening.
@Skin828 The UK and Canada are about as far north as each other, yet Canada has a severely different climate due to different ocean currents affecting the UK.
Just because two places are just as far north doesn't mean they share the same environment.
Also, when you look at Asian skin and Caucasian skin, they're really not that far off in colour variation.
Addressing the melanin issue, although it is true they live along the same parallels (roughly), the climates are very different, as were the route they had to take, has Europe ever had a typhoon (hurricane as its known in some areas), no, that is already one major difference. I lack the space to give an in depth explanation, so I will simply say that googling "evolution of skin colour" brought up several articles that should give you an in depth look at the area you addressed.
@Skin828 Actually agriculture appeared independently at about the same time around the world including in America. Asians don't have yellow skin, that is just a racist classification.
The evidence for the first migration seems faulty. Why would a people who were taking their first Journey out of a giant landmass go by sea? And only settle on tiny portions of land until they hit Australia remaining close to water? Seems bunk to me. They circumvented the entire Asian continent and migrated to America before the native Americans? We all know the Native Americans were the first migrants to the new world.
Humans were completely finished evolving into our present organic state 60,000 years ago. That's not a common ancestor that's an ancient human. 60,000 years is nothing.
I love how this film completely ignores the Neanderthals, Cro-Magnums and Divensians roles completely. It's quite obvious and almost easy to point out that it's produced from an overly Liberal Marxist point of view to promote the flaw of 'Multiculturalism' as normality. While racism is wrong, as is racial genocide, to use Multiculturalism as a solution against racism is near just as bad too. Anti-racism shouldn't be used as a code word against a certain race either, it's contradictory.
@Falcondick69 Yes, you're right, to an extent it says the same as the Bible. People certainly do reproduce with other people. But then again that's hardly the most profound observation ever made. I think probably people understood that long before the Bible so kindly pointed it out to us. I suspect that if we were to contact the tribes of the Amazon thus far unadulterated by European culture they would have worked that out for themselves.
@Falcondick69 That doesn't confirm the Bible. Anyone could have seen that all animals give birth to the same kinds of animals.
The Genesis story has been completely debunked. Google K-T Boundary to see how we know that large dinosaurs and humans were not created on the same day, as the Bible claims, or even during the same 60 million years.
First off I am white. German. My skin is weaker and less tolerant to adverse weather than a black man. I have 30% more body fat automatically where a black man has 30% more muscle strength. My eyes are pale, due to a lack of pigment, al of my traits being missing elements of a degenerative process. Just like the sun is going to burn out, so does all life lose former strength. Evolutionist obviously have lost a portion of brain activity concerning logic and reason, combined with arrogance/racism
@solinari399 being white opposed to being black is neither better nor worse, it is better to be black in Africa, but its better to be white in the Netherlands. this is because melanin blocks the production of vitamin D from sunlight, in a region with little sun that is a very bad, in a region where sunlight is aplenty and UV damage is more dangerous then having melanin is good. an African is no less evolved than a white man, we have just evolved to fit a different environment.
evolutionists ARE racists by all means. Evolution fueled Hitlers hate of other races and his plans to exterminate them. Hitler had a list. the list started with the Jews, then moved on to blacks, then it continued with arabs and on and on. Evolution DOES say that the black man of africa and other sun drenched regions is a lesser advanced primate monkey. The professors won't say it outright, but they are thinking it trust me. That is why the new realistic theory of "devolution " makes more sense
@solinari399 "Evolution DOES say that the black man of africa.... is a lesser advanced primate monkey." Bollocks it does. Evolution is an observed principle. It itself says nothing. The theory of evolution tells us that we are distant cousins to the great apes, even more distant cousins to gibbons, monkeys and so on. Nothing in modern scientific writing suggests any of the nonsense you claim. But prove me wrong. Furnish us with a reference.
Firstly, he hated Jews because a Jewish hooker gave him Syphilis
Secondly, his "Arian" White Skin vblue Eyes from outter space "original Humans" blood purity nonsense was ass backward as if he really believed all "Inferior" humans decended from Arians thenhe should have been mixing the "inferior genetics" to bring forth the original "Arian" mixed genetics
Of course mixing all the worlds"blue blood" can result in a genetic backfire like me..lol
@unfad1ng i think he implied that the bushmen are most closely related to all the rest of us living outside of africa...what a brilliant series this is.
No, MORON, the reason we can't is because you just made no fucking sense! The reason we can't comply w/your request...is because your said request made NO sense AT ALL!
bad science. a dying remnant of a dying darwin age. explain radioactive carbon in virtually all strata including coal.. explain geochronomitral measurements. explain how the exact measurement of the declining earth electromagnetic feild would have equalled that of our sun when reverse deduced. you cant. why? you are men and women of great great faith. it takes a greater faith to believe in evolution than any other religeon on earth. congrats evolutionists! start erecting churches! you have faith
@solinari399 you just made a bunch of shit up. I googled "geochronomitral measurements" and the first result was your comment. And some of that stuff is nothing to do with evolution at all, like the electromagnetic field.
so essentially all of mankind evolved from africa sweettttttt am going home lmao but yeah its sound reasoning i carnt belive religions can denie this and other evoloution therys ignorance and religion al be the death of humanity
The female and kid at the beginning have no nose bridge at all..and they look so unusual..it's absolutely outstanding to see the variety and how evolution changes people..
I was just wondering if i payed close enough attention...
I reckon that the teachers relation to cheddar man was done via a marker...
Isn't it fairer to say the teacher is in the same line of descent as cheddar man, since (i think) he may also be i.e. the direct descendant of Cheddar Man's brother, or even nephew ?
Or am i missing something here ?... (yeah yeah, i should look it up, ok :)
@clawedification well what these retarded racists don't realize is that their a monkey to. We all are. Apes to be exact. Every single human being on this planet be them black, white, hispanic, or asian is a primate weither they want to believe it or not.
@Scarlomane I choose not, science cant prove that even if they could its still just as far a stretch as religion Any way ,you all know it is not reality it is an unproven idea that dates back 5000 years. Old mystery religion. stuff. Evolution is fact only in the minds of the ones who crave a way to dodge accountability. Oh yeah just because some guy put a monkey picture next to a human and put them in the same category does not make it true to me or any one with a brain.
@Pirate44444 What else do you have? I thank you for the insult and reply to it as if you dont matter because when it all boils down you dont stand a chance anyway! You need to show me your evidence so i can undermine it as I have several others that believe in the feeble attempt at explaining away God called evolution. Go on and think you are a monkey but that really doesn't do you any good anyway. Explain mothers milk to me if you all are so sure, or the sexes or the transfer to avian lungs.
@Scarlomane I choose not, science cant prove that even if they could its still just as far a stretch as religion Any way ,you all know it is not reality it is an unproven idea that dates back 5000 years. Old mystery religion. stuff. Evolution is fact only in the minds of the ones who crave a way to dodge accountability. Oh yeah just because some guy put a monkey picture next to a human and put them in the same category does not make it true to me or any one with a brain.
@clawedification Accountability of what exactly? Evolution has mountains upon mountains of evidence to support it. "Oh yeah just because some guy put a monkey picture next to a human and put them in the same category does not make it true."
You talk as if scientists just pulled the theory of evolution right out of their ass with out any testing, research, or observation. Since when is evolution under the category of "Old Religion stuff."
@Naiant I suppose a 'direct ancestor' just means that they are our great great.... great grandad or grandma, rather that an aunt or uncle, but yes, it is a confusing term.
so, if we, the different races of the world (mongol, caucasion, etc,) would have stayed apart from each other long enough, we would each be new, seperate species who could not reproduce with each other like we do today?
"Random mutations consistently destroy information." P. 15; "Selection cannot rescue the genome." P. 69; "Mutation / selection cannot even create a single gene." P. 123; "All evidence points to human genetic degradation." P.143 - Genetic Entropy & The Mystery of the Genome by Cornell U. Genetics Professor John Sanford. He holds 25 genetic patents and is the inventor of the gene gun. He is truly an expert on the subject of mutations and natural selection. Evolution is a fairy tale for adults.
"Random mutations consistently destroy information." P. 15; "Selection cannot rescue the genome." P. 69; "Mutation / selection cannot even create a single gene." P. 123; "All evidence points to human genetic degradation." P.143 - Genetic Entropy & The Mystery of the Genome by Cornell U. Genetics Professor John Sanford. He holds 25 genetic patents and is the inventor of the gene gun. He is truly an expert on the subject of mutations and natural selection. Evolution is a fairy tale for adults.
To paraphrase Jeff Foxworthy, if archaeologists dig up a 9000 year old skeleton in your town and it turns out to be your direct ancestor...you might just be a townie.
Great video, by the way. Good choice in music too.
@Modernremix -- I had to remove your post because I found it gratuitously racist. If you have an intelligent point to make, by all means make it and I am happy to host it.
@sirunlalala =Who were the female humans reproducing with for 90 000 years until the males showed up?= Females have been producing with males since before the human species came into existance. I won't go into details but, trust me, it's all about the birds and the bees. This has nothing to do with our most recent matrilineal and patrilineal ancestors, who lived at different times.
@potholer54 I can not believe people are so stupid they dont show the evidence,i mean its right there reproduction. How in the world could you be so blind , two separate beings man and woman developing at the same pace and all the same organs changing to still be able to mate is religion on the grounds of an absolute miracle. What about mothers milk, does your infant die while waiting for that precise system to evolve?
Thank you so much for these videos! As an adult, I realise now that I paid less than enough attention in my science classes in school, and these were very helpful to a layman such as myself. :)
To Potholer or anyone who would be so kind as to reply.
Re: genetic diversity in Africa - do I have this right? The initial group in Africa had a bunch of different mtDNA mutations/markers, likewise on the Y chromosome. Then, some of them left, taking with them a narrow subset of those markers (sort of like a bottleneck effect), which is why Africa today contains the most genetic diversity?
Excuse me Mr Potholer, how is DNA taken from the 9,000 year old fossil such as the cheddar man? I'm debating a creationist who says genetic material falls apart after a few hundred thousand, therefore any genetic material in fossils is proving young earth creationism.
I'm honestly curious to see how it works.
And by the way, you made an awesome series of videos, from debunking creationism to explaining science, I love it all! Thank you!
@kurayamisidekick =how is DNA taken from the 9,000 year old fossil = Some DNA is better preserved than others, dpending on conditions. e.g. recently DNA from 45,000-year-old trees was found buried in ice in Greenland. Sometimes DNA is found in fragments that can be pieced together, and small amonts of DNA can be amplified by a system called PCR. 9,000 years is not very old for DNA analysis.
@potholer54 Thank you! Do you know what's about the maximum age we can extract DNA? How long before the DNA fragments are too small that we can't analyze the leftovers? Would you know if plant DNA was better conserved than animal DNA?
I understand the PCR procedure, I was just curious as to how we got the DNA in the first place. Thank you for the answer!
@kurayamisidekick : There are videos of people in Svante Pääbo's lab that shows exactly how they do it. Basically some original bone material, especially towards its inside, will remain unmineralized in reasonably recent enough bones. For Neanderthals they drill into the bone in a clean room with hazmat-like suits (because of contamination risk) then sample the resulting material multiple times (since those bones are really old and represent close to the limit of what fossils can be sampled).
these videos have convinced me fully that evolution is a fact however i still believe a deity started that universe. though that could just be my fear of death talking.
@arising87 "who cares? it's not about us, it's about God" Ultimately - maybe. But the point is at least directly it's the preachers and politicians who benefit from your subservience. Ever wonder why they all drive those fancy cars?
@arising87 i honestly do not understand how anyone who would say such a thing could respect themselves. do you honestly not see any value in knowledge? you really believe that less information leads to better conclusions than more information? you don't have any inkling of how sad that is?
@cruciphile that's not what I meant. we already know that God created the universe. why look for another reason for our existence when we already know what it is? because you don't want to believe in God? that's like trying to disprove that babies are born by applying the "stork theory" because it suits us better than the truth.
@cruciphile If you would seek the truth for truth's sake, you would discover that the Bible is accurate. Christianity is not mythology, it is truth in the purest form. science is far from perfect.
@arising87 lulz. truth in the purest form? like how the gospels don't agree on the basics of the events they portray? like how animal sacrifice rituals cure bacterial infections? read your bible front to back, and dont let your pastor/whoever focus you solely on the "good bits" ;)
@Neeboopsh I'm not Catholic brother. I read my Bible everyday. would you like to give the chapter and verse for this bacteria cure you claim? without providing a reference I could say you wrote a book on your homosexual exploits and no one would doubt it. and the gospels do agree. you have to understand who each was writing their book to. some to the Jews who already knew most of the story, others to the Gentiles so they provided more detail to them being since they had no clue about any of it.
@arising87 its basically not worth even bringing it up. lev 14, 49-53. you'll say something like "its not leprosy, thats just how it was translated" or something else to dodge the fact that killing a bird and using its blood to cleanse any disease is absurd. and the day on which jesus was killed is either one day, or its not. it cannot be 2 different days and just be "for different jews", but thats not worth bringing up either. you will snake around until it squares in your mind :)
@Neeboopsh if it's not worth bringing up then why did you? that was one of many ways for making atonement in the old testament. aren't you glad we don't need to do all that now? now all we need is Jesus. and what are you talking about, Jesus' death being 2 different days? He only died once.
@Neeboopsh Mark says each year at Passover time a prisoner was released. that means around Passover, not specifically Passover day. Jesus was crucified on Good Friday and resurrected on Easter Sunday.
@potholer54 hello potholer, is it known to what extent is the paternal mtDNA transmitted during fertilization of the egg and whether recombination occurs with maternal mtDNA? If does, how does it influence the theory of mtEVE?
sankeman2004 1 week ago
evolution was designed by the masons(erasmus darwin the grandfather of charles) as a means of control. since they were unable to control Christianity's spread they found a new means of undermining it, "evolution", under the false guise of science. ladies and gentlemen, the only reason evolutionists allow themeselves to be blinded by the obvious around them is a unified hatred of accountability to something higher than man. It is the extreme in arrogance and will soon be crushed by truth.
solinari399 1 month ago
@solinari399 Lastly, a little education how science works: Evidence is discovered, evaluated presented for peer review and after much corroborating evidence, accepted by the scientific community. Only then is it added to text books and taught as science. Evolution has passed that criteria, Creationism has not come close. Don't tell me about your origin myth ideas, Have your hypothesis go through the science process and have evolution overturned, Then call me. I'll accept it then.
coolgreyoneabby 1 month ago
@solinari399 Yes, you and every other pseudo scientific belief system has their own conspiratorial narrative why their pet loony ideas are not accepted by science. Stand in line with the UFO abductees, 9-11 Truthers, Hollow earthers, Bigfoot fans, ESPers, Telekinesis, Numerologists, doomdayers, yadda yadda yadda.
coolgreyoneabby 1 month ago
@coolgreyoneabby '9-11 Truthers' U better take another look at the facts of 9-11 so you dont continue announcing to the rest of us who know better how ignorant you are; at least about 9-11.
winston2015 1 week ago
@winston2015 I have. and the 9-11 truthers are just as dogmatically tied to their mythology as Creationists. The "truthers" evidence has been looked at, evaluated and debunked. Read Popular Mechanics point by point. "Truthers" had their day and didn't
t hold up to real cross examination.
coolgreyoneabby 1 week ago
@winston2015 In addition to lack of evidence that stands up to any real scrutiny, the "truther" narrative makes no sense. If using explosives, why bother with planes? How do you get the plane to hit exactly where the explosives are installed? Wouldn't you risk the detonation system getting destroyed by the planes? What US government agency would kill our own innocent people and be confident that no one would blow the whistle? What a stupid plan if it were real !
coolgreyoneabby 1 week ago
@coolgreyoneabby I used to say the same thing. Crashing planes into the buildings would have been enough to fulfill some "agenda" as some truthers say the Government had. Or blowing up the buildings without the planes. Car bombs have been detonated at the WTC in the past, so why did they have both of them? People lack understanding of the structural aspects of the buildings and don't understand how they collapsed so they say it LOOKS like a controlled det, so it "was"
zoomie6421 1 week ago
Hey I just have some questions. 1. Why would a population that stays put have more genetic variation than a mobile one? I'm assuming that some percentage of the mobile populations settle down somewhere at some point, no? 2. Why is the inhibition of vitamin D production a disadvantageous trait in northern climates but an advantageous one in Africa? Thanks for all the info btw.
robocock100 1 month ago
@robocock100 I don't know about number 1. As for number 2: You need a certain amount of vitamin D for your body to function. Melanin reduces vitamin D intake through the skin. So it is bad in areas where the sun is weak. But it also provides a certain level of protection against sun damage. So because the sun is so 'sharp' in Africa the reduction in vitamin D caused by melanin is not harmfull. At least that's my understanding of it.
18booma 1 month ago
@robocock100 2. It's not the inhibition of vitamin D production that's an advantageous trait; it's the protection of folate from UV rays. We need melanin to keep our folate from being destroyed (as well as to prevent sun burns and DNA damage), but we also need sunlight in order to synthesize vitamin D. Human skin tone is a delicate evolutionary balancing act. Typically speaking, the closer a population is to the equator, the darker their skin is.
Eosimias100 1 month ago
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potholer54,
As a Christian who strongly believes in the teaching of pure science and enlightened thinking, I greatly enjoy your videos. Much thanks is due for all your selfless hard work in making series like this one. I look forward to more of your videos. Please keep them coming!
AgApE010 1 month ago
potholer54,
As a Christian who strongly believes in the teaching of pure science and enlightened thinking, I greatly enjoy your videos. Much thanks is due to your for all your selfless hard work in making series like this one. I look forward to more of your videos. Please keep them coming!
AgApE010 1 month ago
I laughed at the last bit. When Thomas Cook conducted his first tour over half had not even been out of the county. Now I know the English don't travel far but that's funny. Thanks so much for explaining what is complex to us simple folk. LOL
millertas 1 month ago
Can you REALLY trust British Archaeologists? Nobody remembers the Piltdown man? Sorry I don't believe this. More British lies
KasparHauser6 1 month ago
DNA is in biology, not archaeology.......... So your question should really be "Can you really trust British biologists?"
ketsan 1 month ago
@KasparHauser6 And the dude is an australian.....
ketsan 1 month ago
@ketsan No, he his British but now lives in Australia
coolgreyoneabby 1 month ago
@KasparHauser6 Evolution has nothing to do with the British. Looks to me like you are a religious creationists. Evolution is accepted worldwide by every real scientific body that conducts peer reviewed science on human origins. We have the fossil record, DNA record and archeological record to back it up. Museums are full of evidence. You just don't know about it. If you believe in Creationism, you are hanging your hat on nothing more than religious superstition.
coolgreyoneabby 1 month ago
@coolgreyoneabby I can understand you coming to that conclusion about me. It is not accurate though. The claim in the video I was addressing was not about evolution ( I am on board on that one) But purported discovery of the remains of a 9,000 year old man in the UK and then saying that they had found one of his descendants still living nearby. This is the sort of National pride that motivated the Brits to invent the Piltdown man long ago. I don't trust it.
KasparHauser6 1 month ago
@coolgreyoneabby ...evolution is a faith, not a science. you extend time to billions of years to say something "might" happen slowly over that time, thus protecting your "theology" from having to be actually tested and observed. You use a proven FAIL system of dating as well as assume bones are guaranteed to have offspring. You cannot use fossils to back evolution. remember the world once all agreed(the top minds) that the planet was flat. so called scientists like you slow progress.
solinari399 1 month ago
@solinari399 Your world view is obviously shaped by religion. The ironic thing is that you attempt to insult scientific investigation by using the words "faith" and "theology"; the exact mindset that polluted your own perception of reality. It is as if you were insulted by science pointing out that your world view was simply based on faith and theology, so your retort was like a 6 year old to say the same thing back, as if that made any sense.
coolgreyoneabby 1 month ago
@solinari399 The assumption is that the offspring we see today had parents and they had parents before them. Yes you can use fossils to support evolution as only one of many sources of evidence that independently show that evolution is reality. You just don't like the answer because of your religious belief system.
coolgreyoneabby 1 month ago
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@KasparHauser6 "Can you REALLY trust British Archaeologists? Nobody remembers the Piltdown man? Sorry I don't believe this. More British lies"
Because the information you just gave is invalid I will never trust your nationality (whatever it is) again. Solid reasoning right..?
Apparas 1 month ago
I cant watch number 8. Can someone please explain why that marker is never lost.
d007ization 1 month ago
164 people don't like reality.
Kalevala87 1 month ago
Do you have a still image of that picture of the multiple migrations? I'd love to see that on a shirt with no commentary.
MrOttopants 1 month ago
Way to close poetically! That finally example of the 9,000 year old skeleton and his direct descendant put a lump in my throat.
JuandeBeltran 1 month ago
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I don't see why they discovered only one descendant of Chedder (sp?) Man. I mean if he's 9,000 years old, chances are most English people are direct descendants of him, just how it is estimated that almost 9/10 Frenchmen are direct descendants of Charlemagne, who only lived 1,200 years ago or so...
Wotanraven 1 month ago
I don't see why they discovered only one descendant of Chedder (sp?) Man. I mean if he's 9,000 years old, chances are most English people are direct descendants of him, just how it is estimated that almost 9/10 Frenchmen are direct descendants of Charlemagne, who only lived 1,300 years ago or so...
Wotanraven 1 month ago
@Wotanraven Well, Britain has had a lot of invasions and migration events (Romans, Vikings, William the Conquerer, the picts, ... to name just a few). That would explain why so few people alive today are descended from a 9000 year old skeleton in britain. Most English people's ancestors would only have come to the british isles in Roman or medieval times long after Chedder man's day. (I don't know if this is correct, I'm merely proposing an explanation here)
weelittledragon 1 month ago
@Wotanraven In a book by Richard Dawkins, The Ancestors Tale, it is explained that the further you go into the past a greater number of people are ancestors to a fewer number of actual people, something like "some thousands years ago, only 20% of the population became ancestors to the people today", until finally, thousands of years further back, you are either an ancestor to everyone alive today, or of none at all. It is very interesting
danoso0931 1 month ago
I have come to utterly detest the corrosive and stultifying effect that religion has on the human mind. This, the truth (or as near to it as we can currently estimate) is so much better. Thanks potholer.
martinsutoob 1 month ago
i believe all of you are looking at these ideas from the wrong direction. first of all, although man has the ability to"adapt" over time to differing climates to a small degerr, the human species as well as plants and animals are not evolving into something better, or something else period. historical and signifigant archeological evidence shows all life in a state of devolvement, including the basic structure of life giving properties of our world and even galaxy.
solinari399 2 months ago
@solinari399 Evolution is definitely not about getting better or worse, it's just change (adaptation), and enough change will eventually create something which we'd call a different species, or "something else". It would be nice to see the evidence for a "devolvement".
phantasmagorial 1 month ago
Something is very wrong with this. He said "everyone became civilized in different parts of the world at the same time" That is a pure lie! Farming appeared in the fertile crescent and only spread out to the rest of the world after.
He also said that people lost the melanin after leaving Africa,but that does not explain why Asians have yellowish skin and Europeans are white when we lived on the same parallel and general same temperatures. What BS propaganda this is...
Skin828 2 months ago
@Skin828 Derp
SkaCoreX 2 months ago
@Skin828 yellow is a light shade of brown, its more melanin than a European but less melanin than an an African. its largely to do not with the latitude (though that plays a part) but in how much average sunlight a region receives. Europe, especially more northern where the anglo saxons came from (around germany, netherlands, and scandanavia that area) receives very little light, in part from cloud cover and rain but also because of the ice age.
tuseroni 2 months ago
@Skin828 (cont)while mainland chinese are more yellow ainu(native japanese) were pale, this contributes in part to the paler look of japanese verses mainland chinese, while those further south such as india and Pakistan are much darker.
now just to be clear, latitude DOES play a part, light is more direct in equatorial areas and more indirect in northern latitudes. but that is just one part in determining the average amount of sunlight an area receives. and that determines the amount of melanin.
tuseroni 2 months ago
@tuseroni Theres something wrong with what you just said. Why do Mediterranean and Arab peoples look nothing like South-China when they live on the exact same parallel? Hell why is there such a big difference between Indians and Arabs or any Asians around the same area? Just doesn't make sense...
Anyways melanin does not answer why we all have such big differences in physical characteristics when many humans lived in the same kind of areas like the American Indians vs Africans...
Skin828 2 months ago
@Skin828 again, its a question of average annual sunlight exposure, the Mediterranean and in fact all of Europe, lies in an area where the warm water from the south comes upward on its way to greenland, this mixes with the cold air coming down from greenland and the result is rain and clouds (but a rather nice overall temperature) Ireland gets this the worst, then Britain.
add to that basic genetic difference of a few million years between the first migration and the second and it makes sense.
tuseroni 2 months ago
@Skin828 Why do Bulldogs look different from Poodles? Evolution and breeding. Not all climates and terrains are the same. Some were more bright, others more cold, some more rocky, others open to harsh winds. If you cannot understand this you do not understand evolution. I suggest going back and viewing the rest of this series.
AvalonDraconis 2 months ago
@AvalonDraconis The evolution theory is flawed itself so none of you make sense! But I guess if everyone believes the same universal lies then only we are wrong and you are all so godly smart...LMAO
All my life I truly believed we did evolve but for the last year... I have doubts! Mutation or genetic manipulation is not evolution!
Skin828 2 months ago
@Skin828 Mutation and genetic manipulation IS evolution. Evolution is the reason people get flu shots every year, because the virus EVOLVES. Evolution is a fact, and has been proven again and again. The only people who say evolution is false are those who don't understand it. Go to one of the MANY evolution sites out there, or check out the MANY videos here. AronRa, DonExodus2, BrettPalmer and Thunderf00t are all great people to learn from as well as potholder.
AvalonDraconis 2 months ago
@Skin828 on that farming comment. Check out Kenneth L. Feder "The past in perspective" I think Pothole was not wrong, perhaps it was a little generalistic for your liking. But you know also that the definitive attached to the term "farming" (when it started) was itself up for contention given the diversity of advanced sedintary practices evidenced across the globe. "Also Mutation or genetic manipulation..." GM is just a (tool / practice) the advanced equivalent to selective breeding/seeding.
MadMuz2000 1 month ago
@MadMuz2000 =I think Pothole was not wrong= Actually, I was misquoted. After Skin828's misquote was exposed I notice he's disappeared, probably with his tail between his legs.
potholer54 1 month ago
@potholer54 Lol apt phrase. "tail between his legs" Perhaps evolution has T-boned a loop. From his tone, he seemed excited about finding something he could comment on negatively. I don't reckon he misquoted on purpose. Just an opinion though. Hopefully he picks up some texts to put a counter response together. He should learn about 100 more things than what he didn't know before. Some motivations to learn come from errors we make. Its the cool neuro-mechanism of survival we have.
MadMuz2000 1 month ago
@Skin828 Mutation and natural selection whuld be evolution. Mutations are random but their survavibility is not. Most mutations are harmlessa and responsible for the simple difrences between individuals like shape of nose and color of hair. few are harmfull, but some are very usefull like, longer legs for runing or shorter legs for cold climate to preserve heat. You allso dont seeme to undestand difrence between mutation and genetic manipulation or artifical selection.
gethsoftware 1 month ago
@Skin828 "The evolution theory is flawed itself" If it is flawed, its flaws will be discovered by researchers in the biological sciences not by some ignroant dickhead on YouTube.
PiotrThePrimate 1 month ago
@Skin828 =He said "everyone became civilized in different parts of the world at the same time" = This is such obvious nonsense (it means aborigines and laplanders became 'civilized' at the same time as mesopotamians) that it's pretty obvious you just made this up. Please don't do that. It's not only dishonest, but it's disrespectful. Quote what I said accurately, and I will be happy to defend what I said. Don't ask me to defend something you invented.
potholer54 2 months ago
@potholer54 ...what? Read my post again! FFS The quote is the exact words the narrator said! What the fuck did I make up? Even you agree that (and this is your words) "This is such obvious nonsense" and in my words I said "That is a pure lie!"...
So you agree with me,then disagree with me about the same quote saying I invented something!?
Please explain
Skin828 2 months ago
@Skin828 when did he say that, the words i remember him saying was that the people in the fertile crescent and the yellow river developed an agrarian civilization around the same time.
please give the time index he said the quote you claim he said.
tuseroni 2 months ago
@tuseroni ...those are MY WORDS, not the quote!! Do you even know how to read a quote from text? And you people try to teach us about our history?
Look here. The part about farming starts at 4:40 watch?v=vAosPI8CQ8M
From Wikipedia: Quotation marks are written as a pair of opening and closing marks in either of two styles: single (‘…’) or double (“…”), and may take "curly" or "straight" glyphs. Straight glyphs – single ('…') or double ("…") – are often preferred in online writing...
Skin828 2 months ago
@Skin828 "FFS The quote is the exact words the narrator said"(in reference to a quote which potholer quoted from YOU) you are saying here that those words you said are in the exact word the narrator said, and i asked YOU to give a citation of when he said those exact words. do try to keep up.
tuseroni 2 months ago
@tuseroni LMAO you didnt understand... the words in the " " are the narrators words, the rest are mine...
Yes, I did watch the other parts of this video but just wanted to point it out here since this is where the narrator said it,in case people stop viewing and believe what he said...That was it...
Am I the only one who finds this easy to see/read? Man, its hard for people to understand comparisons and the pointing out of facts! Even the dope heads and flunkies understood me back in school...
Skin828 2 months ago
@Skin828 the problem is you misquoted him, then went and argued on something he wasnt saying for no good reason. in fact you argued exactly what he was saying(well you left out the yellow valley but whatever)
and you reason for doing this is just silly, you should assume someone watched the whole video unless they do something stupid like you did and argue against a portion of the video and not the rebuttal
maybe if you werent so full of yourself you would realize that the problem lies with YOU.
tuseroni 2 months ago
@tuseroni "everyone became civilized in different parts of the world at the same time"
This up here is the fucking quote! Clean your ears,put the sound high up on your speakers and start the vid at 5:36. Now as he says it, read the words in the quote.
Anyways,why are you responding for potholer54? Maybe you are him? Well he cant seem to defend is own position anyways,as seen in by video response...
Now stfu and go kill yourself instead of twisting my words around RETARD!
END OF STORY!
Skin828 2 months ago
@Skin828 =Clean your ears= OK, as I suspected, you completely misquoted me. At 5:36 I said: “Why did they become civilized in different parts of the world at the same time?” You claim I said "everyone became civilized in different parts of the world at the same time." Misquoting is dishonest. Clean your own ears.
potholer54 2 months ago
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winterstellar 2 months ago
@Skin828 "Am I the only one who finds this easy to see/read? Man, its hard for people to understand comparisons and the pointing out of facts! Even the dope heads and flunkies understood me back in school..." You are a genius and we are all brainwashed morons.
PiotrThePrimate 1 month ago
@Skin828 ok, i see your error now, he said "why did they suddenly become civilized at different parts of the world at the same time" as a lead up to explain that is NOT what happened and to explain the evidence for why that is NOT the case. you did watch past that part right?
tuseroni 2 months ago
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winterstellar 2 months ago
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winterstellar 2 months ago
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winterstellar 2 months ago
@Skin828 Potholder is making a comment on what was taught. As always, people quote mine without looking at the context. His words were:
"What we learned in primary school is that stone age humans were hunter gatherers living in small tribes, then all of a sudden they discovered farming, settled down, built towns, and invented writing. But if humans have been around for over 100 thous years, why did they suddenly become civilized..."
Its a comment on what was taught, his critique.
AvalonDraconis 2 months ago
@AvalonDraconis shit happens.
compendiumgravemind 1 month ago
@Skin828 You are a damn lier you know that. puting words in other peoples mouth is lowest of the low. Allso, we did loose most of our melanin when we moved out of africa, not all of it but most of it. we did not loose the gene for it however. it can still be activated if enviormental conditions change.
gethsoftware 1 month ago
@Skin828 you lying asshole
gavhof 1 month ago
@Skin828 Im pretty sure asian people began domesticating rice independently from other humans.
scottclements78 1 month ago
@Skin828 Rice was domesticated in Asia independent from the domestication events of the fertile crescent and in Latin America the Aztecs, Incas and Maya also developped their civilizations seperate from the fertile crescent.
weelittledragon 1 month ago
@Skin828 "He also said that people lost the melanin after leaving Africa,but that does not explain why Asians have yellowish skin and Europeans are white when we lived on the same parallel and general same temperatures." Just because you don't understand something it doesn't mean that it is "BS propaganda". Euro. and E. Asians were separate populations so there is no _a priori_ reason to expect that their skins lightened for exactly the same reason and via the same genetic mechanism...
PiotrThePrimate 1 month ago
@Skin828 "These results simultaneously and strongly suggest that Europeans and East Asians have evolved lighter skin independently and via distinct genetic mechanisms...analyses of HapMap data corroborate this suggestion in identifying 2 a priori pigmentation candidate genes, ADAM17 and ATRN, that show evidence of strong, population-specific selection in East Asians...
PiotrThePrimate 1 month ago
@Skin828 ...Although both of these genes are associated with pigmentation variation in mice, they also have other effects outside of the pigmentation system, including the development of the central nervous system and energy homeostasis (ATRN)...
PiotrThePrimate 1 month ago
@Skin828 ...further investigation will be required to confirm the role of these genes in regulating normal pigmentation variation as well as the potential selective event that has shaped the observed patterns of genetic variation." ["Genetic Evidence for the Convergent Evolution of Light Skin in Europeans and East Asians"; Norton et al; 2006; Molecular Biology and Evolution
Volume24, Issue3 Pp. 710-722]
PiotrThePrimate 1 month ago
@Skin828 So the _prima facie_ evidence is the the East Asians faced a different selective pressure than the Europeans and for that reason their skin lightening is distinct from European lightening.
PiotrThePrimate 1 month ago
@Skin828 The UK and Canada are about as far north as each other, yet Canada has a severely different climate due to different ocean currents affecting the UK.
Just because two places are just as far north doesn't mean they share the same environment.
Also, when you look at Asian skin and Caucasian skin, they're really not that far off in colour variation.
SWilliamJackson 1 month ago
@Skin828
Addressing the melanin issue, although it is true they live along the same parallels (roughly), the climates are very different, as were the route they had to take, has Europe ever had a typhoon (hurricane as its known in some areas), no, that is already one major difference. I lack the space to give an in depth explanation, so I will simply say that googling "evolution of skin colour" brought up several articles that should give you an in depth look at the area you addressed.
ShouldersofGiants100 1 month ago
@Skin828 Actually agriculture appeared independently at about the same time around the world including in America. Asians don't have yellow skin, that is just a racist classification.
wesleywt 1 month ago
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The evidence for the first migration seems faulty. Why would a people who were taking their first Journey out of a giant landmass go by sea? And only settle on tiny portions of land until they hit Australia remaining close to water? Seems bunk to me. They circumvented the entire Asian continent and migrated to America before the native Americans? We all know the Native Americans were the first migrants to the new world.
Luigi84289 2 months ago
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Humans were completely finished evolving into our present organic state 60,000 years ago. That's not a common ancestor that's an ancient human. 60,000 years is nothing.
Luigi84289 2 months ago
I love how this film completely ignores the Neanderthals, Cro-Magnums and Divensians roles completely. It's quite obvious and almost easy to point out that it's produced from an overly Liberal Marxist point of view to promote the flaw of 'Multiculturalism' as normality. While racism is wrong, as is racial genocide, to use Multiculturalism as a solution against racism is near just as bad too. Anti-racism shouldn't be used as a code word against a certain race either, it's contradictory.
segano1 2 months ago
if you think about it this confirms the bible. all of these humans reproduced according to their kind like the bible says.
Falcondick69 3 months ago
@Falcondick69 Yes, you're right, to an extent it says the same as the Bible. People certainly do reproduce with other people. But then again that's hardly the most profound observation ever made. I think probably people understood that long before the Bible so kindly pointed it out to us. I suspect that if we were to contact the tribes of the Amazon thus far unadulterated by European culture they would have worked that out for themselves.
Misterb0z 3 months ago
@Falcondick69 That doesn't confirm the Bible. Anyone could have seen that all animals give birth to the same kinds of animals.
The Genesis story has been completely debunked. Google K-T Boundary to see how we know that large dinosaurs and humans were not created on the same day, as the Bible claims, or even during the same 60 million years.
Bible = myth. The proof is in the Earth itself.
ndrthrdr1 3 months ago
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@Falcondick69 if you think about what you said, you shouldnt have said what you said.
MagnusNyborg 3 months ago
First off I am white. German. My skin is weaker and less tolerant to adverse weather than a black man. I have 30% more body fat automatically where a black man has 30% more muscle strength. My eyes are pale, due to a lack of pigment, al of my traits being missing elements of a degenerative process. Just like the sun is going to burn out, so does all life lose former strength. Evolutionist obviously have lost a portion of brain activity concerning logic and reason, combined with arrogance/racism
solinari399 4 months ago
@solinari399 being white opposed to being black is neither better nor worse, it is better to be black in Africa, but its better to be white in the Netherlands. this is because melanin blocks the production of vitamin D from sunlight, in a region with little sun that is a very bad, in a region where sunlight is aplenty and UV damage is more dangerous then having melanin is good. an African is no less evolved than a white man, we have just evolved to fit a different environment.
tuseroni 2 months ago
evolutionists ARE racists by all means. Evolution fueled Hitlers hate of other races and his plans to exterminate them. Hitler had a list. the list started with the Jews, then moved on to blacks, then it continued with arabs and on and on. Evolution DOES say that the black man of africa and other sun drenched regions is a lesser advanced primate monkey. The professors won't say it outright, but they are thinking it trust me. That is why the new realistic theory of "devolution " makes more sense
solinari399 4 months ago
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@solinari399 "Evolution DOES say that the black man of africa.... is a lesser advanced primate monkey." Bollocks it does. Evolution is an observed principle. It itself says nothing. The theory of evolution tells us that we are distant cousins to the great apes, even more distant cousins to gibbons, monkeys and so on. Nothing in modern scientific writing suggests any of the nonsense you claim. But prove me wrong. Furnish us with a reference.
Misterb0z 4 months ago
"Evolution fueled Hitlers hate of other races"
Firstly, he hated Jews because a Jewish hooker gave him Syphilis
Secondly, his "Arian" White Skin vblue Eyes from outter space "original Humans" blood purity nonsense was ass backward as if he really believed all "Inferior" humans decended from Arians thenhe should have been mixing the "inferior genetics" to bring forth the original "Arian" mixed genetics
Of course mixing all the worlds"blue blood" can result in a genetic backfire like me..lol
TheRealArchAngel 3 months ago
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@solinari399 yes random internet person i will trust you when you say all biologists are racists who believe black people are inferior
derp
tuseroni 2 months ago
grea,ter,ancesters,wo,rldmuseum,com
solinari399 4 months ago
@unfad1ng i think he implied that the bushmen are most closely related to all the rest of us living outside of africa...what a brilliant series this is.
dubcrisis 4 months ago
Awesome
anzwertree 5 months ago
which african tribe is most closely related to non-africans?
i mean if genetic diversity is highest in africa then there must be some african group that is closer to europeans than any other african group is
unfad1ng 5 months ago
@solinari399
No, MORON, the reason we can't is because you just made no fucking sense! The reason we can't comply w/your request...is because your said request made NO sense AT ALL!
macgeek2004 6 months ago
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bad science. a dying remnant of a dying darwin age. explain radioactive carbon in virtually all strata including coal.. explain geochronomitral measurements. explain how the exact measurement of the declining earth electromagnetic feild would have equalled that of our sun when reverse deduced. you cant. why? you are men and women of great great faith. it takes a greater faith to believe in evolution than any other religeon on earth. congrats evolutionists! start erecting churches! you have faith
solinari399 6 months ago
@solinari399 you just made a bunch of shit up. I googled "geochronomitral measurements" and the first result was your comment. And some of that stuff is nothing to do with evolution at all, like the electromagnetic field.
Pirate44444 4 months ago
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I'm eager to read the history of my Family Name. So, if I was interested on it perhaps you also consider to be useful.
Resolve one of the mystery of your existence. Enjoy telling to your grandsons the best tale they has never listen to before.
familynametree(.)com
Hope it helps!
iEntangled 6 months ago
Beautiful and informative. It's amazing. You never expect something as cold cut as science to be so poignant.
cathyvh06 7 months ago
so essentially all of mankind evolved from africa sweettttttt am going home lmao but yeah its sound reasoning i carnt belive religions can denie this and other evoloution therys ignorance and religion al be the death of humanity
ABQUINOCSO 7 months ago
Sorry if this has been asked before but what's the title of the tune used in this video?
mvalviar 7 months ago
Creation myths survive only in the shadow of ignorance.
BlameRepublicans 7 months ago
The female and kid at the beginning have no nose bridge at all..and they look so unusual..it's absolutely outstanding to see the variety and how evolution changes people..
EuropeanGuy87 7 months ago
Hi Potholer,
I was just wondering if i payed close enough attention...
I reckon that the teachers relation to cheddar man was done via a marker...
Isn't it fairer to say the teacher is in the same line of descent as cheddar man, since (i think) he may also be i.e. the direct descendant of Cheddar Man's brother, or even nephew ?
Or am i missing something here ?... (yeah yeah, i should look it up, ok :)
mindwis3 7 months ago in playlist Potholer's Made easy series
"We were wanderers and we are wanderers still" - Carl Sagan
tabibitosama 7 months ago
I love how religious people try to debate using logic while they believe in a talking snake.
OmniStrife 7 months ago
@OmniStrife ...And a Jewish zombie whose blood turns to wine & flesh turns to bread so they can eat & drink him...
1978atcarroll 7 months ago
Sorry, I had not seen...
Thanks!
IgUiNhOh15 8 months ago
What name this song?
Please!
IgUiNhOh15 8 months ago
Racist,you assholes mean to tell me that just because someone is black they are closer to monkeys.You are an idiot.
clawedification 8 months ago
@clawedification Err.. . What? Who suggested that?
Misterb0z 8 months ago
@clawedification No. I'm saying, because some one is black, they never had the mutation that took the melonin(sp) out of their skin.
Sweepingreaper4 7 months ago
@clawedification well what these retarded racists don't realize is that their a monkey to. We all are. Apes to be exact. Every single human being on this planet be them black, white, hispanic, or asian is a primate weither they want to believe it or not.
Scarlomane 4 months ago
@Scarlomane I choose not, science cant prove that even if they could its still just as far a stretch as religion Any way ,you all know it is not reality it is an unproven idea that dates back 5000 years. Old mystery religion. stuff. Evolution is fact only in the minds of the ones who crave a way to dodge accountability. Oh yeah just because some guy put a monkey picture next to a human and put them in the same category does not make it true to me or any one with a brain.
clawedification 4 months ago
@clawedification fossil record is not the only evidence genius.
Pirate44444 4 months ago
@Pirate44444 What else do you have? I thank you for the insult and reply to it as if you dont matter because when it all boils down you dont stand a chance anyway! You need to show me your evidence so i can undermine it as I have several others that believe in the feeble attempt at explaining away God called evolution. Go on and think you are a monkey but that really doesn't do you any good anyway. Explain mothers milk to me if you all are so sure, or the sexes or the transfer to avian lungs.
clawedification 4 months ago
@Scarlomane I choose not, science cant prove that even if they could its still just as far a stretch as religion Any way ,you all know it is not reality it is an unproven idea that dates back 5000 years. Old mystery religion. stuff. Evolution is fact only in the minds of the ones who crave a way to dodge accountability. Oh yeah just because some guy put a monkey picture next to a human and put them in the same category does not make it true to me or any one with a brain.
clawedification 4 months ago
@clawedification Accountability of what exactly? Evolution has mountains upon mountains of evidence to support it. "Oh yeah just because some guy put a monkey picture next to a human and put them in the same category does not make it true."
You talk as if scientists just pulled the theory of evolution right out of their ass with out any testing, research, or observation. Since when is evolution under the category of "Old Religion stuff."
Scarlomane 4 months ago
I've never understood the term "direct descendant." Does it mean anything different from simply "descendant?" Can one be an "indirect descendant?"
Naiant 8 months ago
@Naiant I suppose a 'direct ancestor' just means that they are our great great.... great grandad or grandma, rather that an aunt or uncle, but yes, it is a confusing term.
Misterb0z 8 months ago
@Misterb0z Yes, indeed, because you aren't a descendant of your aunt and uncle at all. I think it's just one of those silly redundant terms.
Naiant 8 months ago
so, if we, the different races of the world (mongol, caucasion, etc,) would have stayed apart from each other long enough, we would each be new, seperate species who could not reproduce with each other like we do today?
langolava 8 months ago in playlist From Big Bang to Us -- Made Easy
@langolava Interesting hypothesis. And it certainly could be true, but I think that we shall never know.
atheistjacob 1 month ago
Great vid!
stramster1 9 months ago
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"Random mutations consistently destroy information." P. 15; "Selection cannot rescue the genome." P. 69; "Mutation / selection cannot even create a single gene." P. 123; "All evidence points to human genetic degradation." P.143 - Genetic Entropy & The Mystery of the Genome by Cornell U. Genetics Professor John Sanford. He holds 25 genetic patents and is the inventor of the gene gun. He is truly an expert on the subject of mutations and natural selection. Evolution is a fairy tale for adults.
achilles197474 9 months ago
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"Random mutations consistently destroy information." P. 15; "Selection cannot rescue the genome." P. 69; "Mutation / selection cannot even create a single gene." P. 123; "All evidence points to human genetic degradation." P.143 - Genetic Entropy & The Mystery of the Genome by Cornell U. Genetics Professor John Sanford. He holds 25 genetic patents and is the inventor of the gene gun. He is truly an expert on the subject of mutations and natural selection. Evolution is a fairy tale for adults.
achilles197474 9 months ago
To paraphrase Jeff Foxworthy, if archaeologists dig up a 9000 year old skeleton in your town and it turns out to be your direct ancestor...you might just be a townie.
Great video, by the way. Good choice in music too.
DrThunder88 9 months ago
I love the music you put into your vids ;D
rawrloler 9 months ago
@Modernremix -- I had to remove your post because I found it gratuitously racist. If you have an intelligent point to make, by all means make it and I am happy to host it.
potholer54 9 months ago
@potholer54 dude, you're freaking awesome!
bbphnix 8 months ago
Imagine going back in time to meet MItochondrial Eve and Y-Adam;
that'd be awesome;
it would also be interesting to see if you render them sterile, what happens to the history of mankind;
bbphnix 8 months ago
Um... Who were the female humans reproducing with for 90 000 years until the males showed up?
sirunlalala 10 months ago
@sirunlalala =Who were the female humans reproducing with for 90 000 years until the males showed up?= Females have been producing with males since before the human species came into existance. I won't go into details but, trust me, it's all about the birds and the bees. This has nothing to do with our most recent matrilineal and patrilineal ancestors, who lived at different times.
potholer54 9 months ago
@potholer54 I can not believe people are so stupid they dont show the evidence,i mean its right there reproduction. How in the world could you be so blind , two separate beings man and woman developing at the same pace and all the same organs changing to still be able to mate is religion on the grounds of an absolute miracle. What about mothers milk, does your infant die while waiting for that precise system to evolve?
clawedification 4 months ago
@sirunlalala A gentleman wouldn't ask a question like that.
gamesbok 8 months ago
Thank you so much for these videos! As an adult, I realise now that I paid less than enough attention in my science classes in school, and these were very helpful to a layman such as myself. :)
jolluxz 10 months ago
To Potholer or anyone who would be so kind as to reply.
Re: genetic diversity in Africa - do I have this right? The initial group in Africa had a bunch of different mtDNA mutations/markers, likewise on the Y chromosome. Then, some of them left, taking with them a narrow subset of those markers (sort of like a bottleneck effect), which is why Africa today contains the most genetic diversity?
Iambecome 10 months ago
Excuse me Mr Potholer, how is DNA taken from the 9,000 year old fossil such as the cheddar man? I'm debating a creationist who says genetic material falls apart after a few hundred thousand, therefore any genetic material in fossils is proving young earth creationism.
I'm honestly curious to see how it works.
And by the way, you made an awesome series of videos, from debunking creationism to explaining science, I love it all! Thank you!
kurayamisidekick 10 months ago
@kurayamisidekick =how is DNA taken from the 9,000 year old fossil = Some DNA is better preserved than others, dpending on conditions. e.g. recently DNA from 45,000-year-old trees was found buried in ice in Greenland. Sometimes DNA is found in fragments that can be pieced together, and small amonts of DNA can be amplified by a system called PCR. 9,000 years is not very old for DNA analysis.
potholer54 10 months ago
@potholer54 Thank you! Do you know what's about the maximum age we can extract DNA? How long before the DNA fragments are too small that we can't analyze the leftovers? Would you know if plant DNA was better conserved than animal DNA?
I understand the PCR procedure, I was just curious as to how we got the DNA in the first place. Thank you for the answer!
kurayamisidekick 10 months ago
@kurayamisidekick : There are videos of people in Svante Pääbo's lab that shows exactly how they do it. Basically some original bone material, especially towards its inside, will remain unmineralized in reasonably recent enough bones. For Neanderthals they drill into the bone in a clean room with hazmat-like suits (because of contamination risk) then sample the resulting material multiple times (since those bones are really old and represent close to the limit of what fossils can be sampled).
websnarf 10 months ago
@websnarf Thanks!
kurayamisidekick 10 months ago
these videos have convinced me fully that evolution is a fact however i still believe a deity started that universe. though that could just be my fear of death talking.
ThomasLeighty 11 months ago
@ThomasLeighty the fear of death is worse than death itself.
(Ecclesiastes 9:5) 5 For the living are conscious that they will die; but as for the dead, they are conscious of nothing at all
i'm atheist BTW, just a good quote
maxergud 11 months ago
@ThomasLeighty Self awareness is the first step I believe to the ultimate truth whatever that may be as long as your still exploring and looking.
LavaEagle 11 months ago
@LavaEagle the ultimate truth? God created the universe. no need to look any further.
arising87 10 months ago
@arising87 Thats called ignorance. The kind that gets you manipulated and used.
LavaEagle 10 months ago
@LavaEagle who cares? it's not about us, it's about God.
arising87 10 months ago
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@arising87 "who cares? it's not about us, it's about God" Ultimately - maybe. But the point is at least directly it's the preachers and politicians who benefit from your subservience. Ever wonder why they all drive those fancy cars?
Misterb0z 10 months ago
@arising87 Please never put yourself in a leadership position because that mentality will hurt people around you.
LavaEagle 10 months ago
@LavaEagle God is all about saving and helping people. His word is for our benefit, not our disadvantage.
arising87 10 months ago
@LavaEagle So if god created the universe that means that God created Evil also =)
yxrcbszg 9 months ago
@arising87 i honestly do not understand how anyone who would say such a thing could respect themselves. do you honestly not see any value in knowledge? you really believe that less information leads to better conclusions than more information? you don't have any inkling of how sad that is?
cruciphile 9 months ago
@cruciphile that's not what I meant. we already know that God created the universe. why look for another reason for our existence when we already know what it is? because you don't want to believe in God? that's like trying to disprove that babies are born by applying the "stork theory" because it suits us better than the truth.
arising87 9 months ago
@arising87 you dishonestly frame the dialogue. "you don't want to believe in god" implies your assumption of its existence. a very large assumption.
cruciphile 9 months ago
@cruciphile nothing dishonest about it. you incorrectly assume there is no God. tell me. where did everything in existence come from?
arising87 9 months ago
@arising87 science will overcome mythology. it's only a matter of time. have fun with your stagnant world view--
i prefer to seek the truth.
cruciphile 9 months ago
@cruciphile If you would seek the truth for truth's sake, you would discover that the Bible is accurate. Christianity is not mythology, it is truth in the purest form. science is far from perfect.
arising87 9 months ago
@arising87 lulz. truth in the purest form? like how the gospels don't agree on the basics of the events they portray? like how animal sacrifice rituals cure bacterial infections? read your bible front to back, and dont let your pastor/whoever focus you solely on the "good bits" ;)
Neeboopsh 9 months ago
@Neeboopsh I'm not Catholic brother. I read my Bible everyday. would you like to give the chapter and verse for this bacteria cure you claim? without providing a reference I could say you wrote a book on your homosexual exploits and no one would doubt it. and the gospels do agree. you have to understand who each was writing their book to. some to the Jews who already knew most of the story, others to the Gentiles so they provided more detail to them being since they had no clue about any of it.
arising87 9 months ago
@arising87 its basically not worth even bringing it up. lev 14, 49-53. you'll say something like "its not leprosy, thats just how it was translated" or something else to dodge the fact that killing a bird and using its blood to cleanse any disease is absurd. and the day on which jesus was killed is either one day, or its not. it cannot be 2 different days and just be "for different jews", but thats not worth bringing up either. you will snake around until it squares in your mind :)
Neeboopsh 9 months ago
@Neeboopsh if it's not worth bringing up then why did you? that was one of many ways for making atonement in the old testament. aren't you glad we don't need to do all that now? now all we need is Jesus. and what are you talking about, Jesus' death being 2 different days? He only died once.
arising87 9 months ago
@arising87 mark says the day after passover in the morning, luke says the day before, at or after noon.
Neeboopsh 9 months ago
@Neeboopsh Mark says each year at Passover time a prisoner was released. that means around Passover, not specifically Passover day. Jesus was crucified on Good Friday and resurrected on Easter Sunday.
arising87 9 months ago
@ThomasLeighty id say the latter
Scarlomane 4 months ago
wait, wait, wait so if females were around 150,000 years and males only 60,000 years ago where did babies come from!?
MrDuBears 11 months ago
@MrDuBears Where does he say that males were only around 60,000 years ago? What time in the video? I can't find it.
Misterb0z 11 months ago
@MrDuBears 0:30
MrDuBears 11 months ago