"if you want to play like kurt cobain, make sure you mute the low E string." what a joke. DUDE, if you want to play like the great KC, at LEAST get a fucking Fender. Mustang would be best.
I'd like to add that power chords can be played on the top strings as well by making a 1-3-4 (index, ring, pinky) finger shape on the D string, and a 1-4-4 (index + barred pinky) shape on the G string. It's not essential to playing this song, but something you can use to free up your fret board a bit.
And if you're cool like me and you have a seven string, you have a low B to work with on top of all that. Nifty, eh?
a much easier way that i do subconciously is just let up the pressure on the six string instead of laying another finger over it which i find awkward but hey whatever works for ya works..!!
DEAR ALL ROCK AND NIRVANA FANS, FEBRUARY 20TH IS KURT COBAIN'S BIRTHDAY. THAT DAY WE WILL ALL VISIT THE "SMELLS LIKE TEEN SPIRIT" VIDEO, LIKE IT, AND WISH HIM A HAPPY BIRTHDAY. NOT ONLY WILL IT PAY BACK RESPECT TO HIM, IT WILL ALSO HELP NIRVANA GET TO THE TOP OF YOUTUBE AGAIN. THUMBS UP THIS COMMENT AND REPOST THIS ON ANY NIRVANA OR ANY ROCK VIDEO
Just checked the middle thing. Watched Kurt's hand in a bunch of live clips. Doesn't use it. It looks like he does what I do: Lay the 1st finger (LH) on the A string in a position that lets it rest against the E string. This mutes the E string while the A string is played. Important caveat: Don't bend the A string in your effort to mute the E string. Reposition the finger, not the string.
The middle finger thing works, too. Just not what Kurt Cobain did. Hope that helps. Cheers.
@Gamer21gll Like I said, "Grunge" is a silly marketing term propagated by corporate America to sell Nirvana's music...Kurt would most certainly disapprove of that term.
@Gamer21gll Well since you obviously have no problems keeping music corporate when the artist intentionally and explicitly didn't condone that, then YOU won't care, but then again most "posers" don't.
play the second fret on the low E string, and the fourth fret on bo the the A, and D strings for the first chord, this is the fingering for the main riff, now move this fingering up one fret so you play the second frett on the A string and the fourth fret on both the D, and G string. now move to the fifth fret on the low E string and the seventh on bothe the A and D string, now move this oe string up and play the the fifth fret on the A string and the seventh fret on bothe the D and G string.
no i researched it....its the guy that raped your mom and broke her neck cause they were doin it that hard in oral cause your father cant statisfy... after that kirk took your lil ass and thats what makes you so angry if other people talk about him cause you, your mom and kirk have a great fellatio(n)ship
but its ok nobody is gon to take kirk away from you
HEY! I play in a rock band called F3tch, Nirvana influenced us (you'll see what I mean,) and we're playing in LONDON, ENGLAND on FRIDAY SEPTEMBER 10TH 2010.
PLEASE check us out!
IF YOU'RE INTO NIRVANA, YOU'LL LIKE F3TCH.
You can hear F3tch on youtube, myspace (url's f3tch) or facebook.
We're playing at the BRIDGEHOUSE 2 in CANNING TOWN in LONDON, ENGLAND on FRIDAY SEPTEMBER 10th, nearest tube station's CANNING TOWN on the Jubilee line. TICKETS COST £5 ON THE DOOR.
i swear if they make another 'fabric of my life comercial' im gonna eat a baby (not litteraly for those of you dumb asses that were ready to comment on that)
@Mynameisaw The title says "How to Play Nirvana's Smells Like Teen Spirit : Power Chords on Electric Guitar " It clearly says "How to Play Nirvana's Smells Like Teen Spirit" But all he said was how to play a power chord.So thats like saying what you need to play it but not how to play it.
@hatten7575 That's because it's a series of lessons --->
Or are you blind? They build up to the final bit, learn to walk before you run sort of thing, if you know how to do power chords kudos skip to the next video relevant to you, not everyone does know how to.
omg guys! how can u be so unrespectful? I like this guy and he knows how to play....is it so bad to click on different ads when the video's over? if you dont like it go away^^ i dont fucking care whats on ur opinion...i just wanted to say that this guy is nice to show us...if you dont like it, dont fucking watch it!!!
WHAT DA FUNK! That's it?!?! He didn't teach us how to play anything. I was still able to piece the chords together myself,but FUCK! This video is mislabeled to get views. Expert VIllage, if you read this... FUCK YOU! except for your sign language video with that hot German lady.
you people he is teaching you to play the da song. first he teaches you the chords in the song then in another video he shows you how to use them in the song. So no it is not a fail!
I like the part where you teach us how to play smells like teen spirit like the title says ...
DMKAMIKAZii 2 weeks ago
nice pretty purple guitar pick...
XDreamsRNightmaresX 1 month ago
as im watchung this i cant help but ask what the fuck happened to your hand lol?
MrSeattlepunk1992 4 months ago
showing notes... not how to play a song like the title says.... very misleading.
MrsShanonBrown 5 months ago
is your guitar is too small? or your hands are too big? :D
bboynuk96 6 months ago
This guy sucks at teaching he shouldn't even be on there
CoolAstronomy 6 months ago
That guy has the smallest fingers I've ever seen.
xDet3rmin4tionx 6 months ago
why is this guy missing a chunk of his hand?
BloodyPaperclip 6 months ago
Smells Like Teen Spirit
watch?v=_K3C-e63R_g
dontleavehimfaceless 6 months ago
I don't need to mute the the E string with my second finger. I just don't hit it.
MrRaphaelLippi 6 months ago
I have that fucking shirt!!!!!!
bignash520 6 months ago
if you want to play like kurt cobain flip the guitar the other way!
carlbigfoot 6 months ago
god i hate how expert village is such view whores. making ME change to the next part in the video
mrLOLurFUNNY 6 months ago
This has been flagged as spam show
Woooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooow
CarloAntonioPalumbo 6 months ago
gap gap gap gap gap gap gap gap. That! is what i learned from this video. dudes got a really bad gap in his sucker.
godly80 7 months ago
@godly80
get the eff over yourself?
Kierstinjade123 7 months ago
247 people can't play power chords
slashrocks211 7 months ago 7
@slashrocks211 i liked it but i cant play either >.<
SaesBullet 2 months ago
"if you want to play like kurt cobain, make sure you mute the low E string." what a joke. DUDE, if you want to play like the great KC, at LEAST get a fucking Fender. Mustang would be best.
justinman114 7 months ago
i just use the tip of my pointer finger to mute the string above...
MicroOrginisum 7 months ago
@MicroOrginisum agreed. how can you make a barre if you waste your middle finger muting. i think this guy is a rook.
justinman114 7 months ago
no tienes un problema en los dedos hermanoo?
DAnIeLiThOo100 7 months ago
Sorry, I was too busy staring at that wound on your knuckles.....
TheRandomGuyOnline 7 months ago
I'd like to add that power chords can be played on the top strings as well by making a 1-3-4 (index, ring, pinky) finger shape on the D string, and a 1-4-4 (index + barred pinky) shape on the G string. It's not essential to playing this song, but something you can use to free up your fret board a bit.
And if you're cool like me and you have a seven string, you have a low B to work with on top of all that. Nifty, eh?
SRsyndrome 8 months ago
what happened to his hand ? there is a bad wound o-o
trbossdoggy 8 months ago
I hope you know that "if you want to play like Kurt" you'll have to bar two notes in a powerchord?
TahaMurataladdin 8 months ago
whats wrong with his hand
pennstate375 9 months ago
lol i love it when the 2 top comments contradict each other
66UrDaddy 10 months ago 3
for God's sake stop arguing about genre name's and having a go at the uploader... this is a pretty useful video for beginners.
eraserhead321 10 months ago
you says many things that me sick because the buffer is no good man,so if you wanna make a video again,just say to the point okay
wakwak711 10 months ago
btw it's not a power chord it's a barre chord
ForgottenWarrior78 10 months ago
what a NUB
crazysicksob3 11 months ago
he sucks
sonic703 11 months ago
a much easier way that i do subconciously is just let up the pressure on the six string instead of laying another finger over it which i find awkward but hey whatever works for ya works..!!
MOSKII58 1 year ago
R.I.P Kurt.
BxBirthday 1 year ago 3
what the fuck is on your hand there mate?!
eksas 1 year ago
u dont have to put your pinkie down on the d string dip shit
4everguitarplayer 1 year ago
DEAR ALL ROCK AND NIRVANA FANS, FEBRUARY 20TH IS KURT COBAIN'S BIRTHDAY. THAT DAY WE WILL ALL VISIT THE "SMELLS LIKE TEEN SPIRIT" VIDEO, LIKE IT, AND WISH HIM A HAPPY BIRTHDAY. NOT ONLY WILL IT PAY BACK RESPECT TO HIM, IT WILL ALSO HELP NIRVANA GET TO THE TOP OF YOUTUBE AGAIN. THUMBS UP THIS COMMENT AND REPOST THIS ON ANY NIRVANA OR ANY ROCK VIDEO
KristinNirvana 1 year ago 48
@KristinNirvana Not tryin to be a dick or anything but kurt actually hated that song and hated playing it, but i like what your tryin to do
Arsiniik 5 months ago
You're hurting
Bcs Your hand is hurt :)
Sh00t3rsOo 1 year ago
I thought were the last YouTuber i would ever subscribe to..
But now i know expertvillage....
kirolajka 1 year ago
This has been flagged as spam show
try guitarmanual.typepad.com/blog/ for beginning lessons
twisterellafell 1 year ago
OR play the real chords
E A G C
M4TH145spr 1 year ago
@M4TH145spr TAbs please :D
Gamer21gll 1 year ago
@Gamer21gll
it isnt tabs its chords
M4TH145spr 1 year ago
@M4TH145spr i know but i want the tabs like E 133 or what ever
Gamer21gll 1 year ago
@M4TH145spr F Bflat Aflat Dflat.
metal1man15 1 year ago
Just checked the middle thing. Watched Kurt's hand in a bunch of live clips. Doesn't use it. It looks like he does what I do: Lay the 1st finger (LH) on the A string in a position that lets it rest against the E string. This mutes the E string while the A string is played. Important caveat: Don't bend the A string in your effort to mute the E string. Reposition the finger, not the string.
The middle finger thing works, too. Just not what Kurt Cobain did. Hope that helps. Cheers.
spelit83 1 year ago
So how does this teach me how to play.
OGST33L 1 year ago
yeah...play it like kirk cobain..
FfUZZ4RC4DE 1 year ago
@FfUZZ4RC4DE Kurt**.
MEGAMOLZORDS 1 year ago
@MEGAMOLZORDS no shit sherlock? that guy^ says "KIRK"
FfUZZ4RC4DE 1 year ago
@FfUZZ4RC4DE SOZ!
MEGAMOLZORDS 1 year ago
@MEGAMOLZORDS im from sweden,wtf is SOZ?
FfUZZ4RC4DE 1 year ago
thats the way i play it anyway , im sure any guitarist woudve played it like that to make it muted, not a great tutorial ;/
skilleris 1 year ago
@newbowner456 maybe a power punch on some1's teeth... or someshit
metalero19882 1 year ago
I mean Grunge NOt GROUNE
Gamer21gll 1 year ago
@newbowner456:
An absence of skin? :-P
palpatine17 1 year ago
Guys, use wikipedia.
Grounge is the mixture of Punk-rock and Hard-Core...
EgoistAlternative 1 year ago
no wonder they got 138 fuckin thousand videos the have to turn everything into 10 parts, this fuckin shit blows.
LlanosDR 1 year ago
i didnt get it.... wheres the rest..... sorry, not good!
ohjm 1 year ago
You tutorial sucks! :D
kikoloko154 1 year ago
this tutorial sucks^^
dertruthahn 1 year ago
isn't that a major chord? i thought i power chord was minus the high note.
Whargoul1942 1 year ago
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAHHHHH ADS FACK U GOOGLE
ThaRobloxGuy 1 year ago
he missed the entire point of the song, it is stiff and not free flowing
tikihead27 1 year ago
Misses what a power-chord ACTUALLY is... Tethers you to two strings... Doesn't get anywhere or explain anything new...
L2112Lif 1 year ago
Mrpwner123 use's F5
It's not very effective
Youtube use's ad's
Mrpwner123 fainted!
MrPwner123 1 year ago
lol goofy xD
gamnster 1 year ago
junky
rozac155 1 year ago
OMFG THEY KILLED F5!!!!!!!!!!!!
JuanBautista12 1 year ago
flapdrol.
ASDSPAT 1 year ago
lol he didnt play enything!!!!!
JVHINC123 1 year ago
You don't need a video to teach yourself this song....
scartissue94 1 year ago
Lol!! BEST LESSON EVER!!!!!!!!!!!!
blakem375 1 year ago
homo
cdonis 1 year ago
what happend to your hand? O_O
0900090990 1 year ago 2
does there really need to be a tutorial for this song.................
MetalMilitia4545 1 year ago
uhm so if i point to fingers ican play it? DAMN IT WORKS! just point to your fingers..
drunkdified 1 year ago
.. you enjoy messing with youtubers eh..
surferdudette19 1 year ago
Rock and Roll conservatory jajaja My balls!!
Whyxer 1 year ago
Smells like BuLLsHiT
hippypower69 1 year ago 4
ok make this thinks clear:
1. Nirvana is not Rock its Grounge!
2. the Middle finger use kurt cobain only to say "Fuck you" to expert Village.
Gamer21gll 1 year ago 45
@Gamer21gll Grounge?? its called Grunge!!!
MultiDEATHROCKER 1 year ago
@MultiDEATHROCKER man dammat sorry is spell it wrong!
Gamer21gll 1 year ago
@Gamer21gll grunge is rock but expert village still sucks
spmspm1000 1 year ago
@spmspm1000 Grunge is not Rock its a fusion from Punk and Rock i think its some kind of Punk rock or whatever
Gamer21gll 1 year ago
@Gamer21gll I think it's considered a form of rock but who gives a shit anyways.
spmspm1000 1 year ago
@Gamer21gll wtf is "grounge"? Besides, I think "grunge" is a stupid marketing term. Nirvana and Kurt Cobain were punks, plain and simple.
zedrein18 1 year ago
@zedrein18 I Mean GRUNGE Nirvana is GRUNGE!
Gamer21gll 1 year ago
@Gamer21gll Like I said, "Grunge" is a silly marketing term propagated by corporate America to sell Nirvana's music...Kurt would most certainly disapprove of that term.
zedrein18 1 year ago
@zedrein18 Who cares?
Gamer21gll 1 year ago
@Gamer21gll Well since you obviously have no problems keeping music corporate when the artist intentionally and explicitly didn't condone that, then YOU won't care, but then again most "posers" don't.
zedrein18 1 year ago
@Gamer21gll
1. It's Grunge, not Grounge
2. Grunge is a subgenre of alternative ROCK, so it's rock
TheCholgas 1 year ago 129
@TheCholgas ok yeah
Gamer21gll 1 year ago
@TheCholgas Grunge is also part of punk
PBANDSNOW 11 months ago
@Gamer21gll "Grounge"??
0pteryx 1 year ago
Comment removed
MEGAMOLZORDS 1 year ago
@Gamer21gll its not Grounge,its GRUNGE
TheRevSRB 1 year ago
@Gamer21gll
1. you called Grounge it's not Grounge is GRUNGE!
2. Grunge is a subgenre of rock
my little friend you are a retard
ResorteraTV 1 year ago 2
@ResorteraTV I know it called GRUNGE!
Gamer21gll 1 year ago
@Gamer21gll good you learn :)
ResorteraTV 1 year ago
@ResorteraTV :)
Gamer21gll 1 year ago
@ResorteraTV Correct you are. He says it himself in a song at the very beginning. Alternative rock!
spmspm1000 1 year ago
@Gamer21gll
Nirvana is not Grounge, its Grunge!
badanooj05 1 year ago
@Gamer21gll
Nirvana is not Grounge, its Grunge!
badanooj05 1 year ago
@Gamer21gll grounge?!... i see! that must be a mixture of grunge and lounge music!
VermilionSword 1 year ago
@VermilionSword I mean GRUNGE!!!!!!!!
Gamer21gll 1 year ago
@Gamer21gll dude u know nothing
smoothkiller777 1 year ago
@Gamer21gll Where is your video guitar lesson?
MyTubeDude1 11 months ago
@Gamer21gll Hm I think it's "thinGs" and not "thinKs" =)
Deva22x 11 months ago
@Gamer21gll it´s ROCK!
izizful 10 months ago
@Gamer21gll Why would people give this idiot thumbs up?
Skateronastick 8 months ago
finally a good add, JACKASS 3-D
TouchThatIpod 1 year ago
why doing videos when you dont know play n explain ?
Anthony95270 1 year ago
what the fuck....the text are shit,,i cant see what he is doing
nlpongcal163 1 year ago
i never ever could understand this i disliked
kbb13mike 1 year ago
Expert village sux big time just go to Marty's videos man I learned this song like in five minutes plus the solo
jesjesrox1 1 year ago
you suck perro ijueputa
brian82800 1 year ago
Expert village sucks balls, click on martys video on the side, it owns this by far.
combatsucksatm 1 year ago
just disable the captions and you won't have the text anymore, dumbasses
gothyke 1 year ago
this is the shitest tab i've ever seen. Take the words off you dick nut!
mkennedynz 1 year ago
que es esto???
Lyosabizarre 1 year ago
take the fuckin words off the videos u cant see shit
sk8erboy1219 1 year ago
the 162 people who disliked this.... are cool
Kwlzez 1 year ago
@expertvillage
FUCK YOU!!!! FOR YOUR SHITTY VIDEOS
TJPlaysXbox360 1 year ago
good teacher..=)
metalfifa 1 year ago
if you don't get it, that's the only chord that was used in the song besides the solo...
THATJAREDGUY1 1 year ago
anybody can playing school - nirvana ??
manx857 1 year ago
play the second fret on the low E string, and the fourth fret on bo the the A, and D strings for the first chord, this is the fingering for the main riff, now move this fingering up one fret so you play the second frett on the A string and the fourth fret on both the D, and G string. now move to the fifth fret on the low E string and the seventh on bothe the A and D string, now move this oe string up and play the the fifth fret on the A string and the seventh fret on bothe the D and G string.
1xDRCx 1 year ago
SMELLS LIKE EXPERTVILLAGE SPIRIT
PinoyAbnoy 1 year ago
why is everything a documentry when it comes to expertvillage?
vladermeir 1 year ago
Learned more about Kirk Cobain's middle finger than I did about playing his song. Fail!
MischievousIQ 1 year ago 10
@MischievousIQ
And Kurt didn't even use his middle finger for that mute thing, expertvillage sucks ass
Xrick56 1 year ago
@MischievousIQ its kurt
rammstein0981 1 year ago
@MischievousIQ
who is kirk?....thats a fail
tupacandeazyefan 1 year ago
@tupacandeazyefan Kirk is the guy who anal ponds your mom every night. Yea fail!
MischievousIQ 1 year ago
@MischievousIQ
no i researched it....its the guy that raped your mom and broke her neck cause they were doin it that hard in oral cause your father cant statisfy... after that kirk took your lil ass and thats what makes you so angry if other people talk about him cause you, your mom and kirk have a great fellatio(n)ship
but its ok nobody is gon to take kirk away from you
tupacandeazyefan 1 year ago
@MischievousIQ Kirk?? seriously, KIRK??????????
chachan604 1 year ago
@MischievousIQ its kurt not kirk just sayin
grungapaloozist 1 year ago
@MischievousIQ Kurt Co Fucking bain retard
shit4brains222 1 year ago
way easier than this. it is 1 3 3 1 3 3 then 3 5 5 3 5 5
thee1andonlyme 1 year ago
@thee1andonlyme no not 3 55, 4 6 6
axwet 1 year ago
This has been flagged as spam show
HEY! I play in a rock band called F3tch, Nirvana influenced us (you'll see what I mean,) and we're playing in LONDON, ENGLAND on FRIDAY SEPTEMBER 10TH 2010.
PLEASE check us out!
IF YOU'RE INTO NIRVANA, YOU'LL LIKE F3TCH.
You can hear F3tch on youtube, myspace (url's f3tch) or facebook.
We're playing at the BRIDGEHOUSE 2 in CANNING TOWN in LONDON, ENGLAND on FRIDAY SEPTEMBER 10th, nearest tube station's CANNING TOWN on the Jubilee line. TICKETS COST £5 ON THE DOOR.
Thanks guys!
youlovef3tch 1 year ago
@ expertvillage
Are you gay?
no realy?
XxXx0D1NxXxX 1 year ago
"How to Play Nirvana's Smells Like Teen Spirit"
um where is that part of the video? -.-
KakuPL 1 year ago 2
fuck you RETARD VILLAGE
InspectorPurp 1 year ago
You just used the middle finger thing as an excuse to flip us off, didn't you?
But I did learn how to do power chords.
nintendorascal 1 year ago
F5 to skip ads i swear
cpman26 1 year ago 2
@cpman26 it works!
ShaunSurfSkateBMX 1 year ago
dude wtf is on your hand lol
bigbonghitsss 1 year ago
@bigbonghitsss Lol i can't be certain but let me guess, he got drunk and got very mad.
bennybenassii 1 year ago
what you hand has?
sotosxboxakias 1 year ago
i swear if they make another 'fabric of my life comercial' im gonna eat a baby (not litteraly for those of you dumb asses that were ready to comment on that)
ryantube180 1 year ago 3
cool da ist meine gitarre
TheAtze32 1 year ago
FUCK U fucked up village
tacoslsp 1 year ago
138k videos D: OMG!
produtoaragames 1 year ago
dident it say How to Play Nirvana's Smells Like Teen Spirit? Cause all he said was how to play a power chord and not how to play the song right?
hatten7575 1 year ago
@hatten7575 Reread the title of the video.. this is explaining how to do power chords - a key part of smells like teen spirit
Mynameisaw 1 year ago
@Mynameisaw The title says "How to Play Nirvana's Smells Like Teen Spirit : Power Chords on Electric Guitar " It clearly says "How to Play Nirvana's Smells Like Teen Spirit" But all he said was how to play a power chord.So thats like saying what you need to play it but not how to play it.
hatten7575 1 year ago
@hatten7575 That's because it's a series of lessons --->
Or are you blind? They build up to the final bit, learn to walk before you run sort of thing, if you know how to do power chords kudos skip to the next video relevant to you, not everyone does know how to.
Mynameisaw 1 year ago
whut do U have on your hand?
timbolino22 1 year ago
This expert village... is one fucked up village....
PizzaBlade17 1 year ago 2
bit . ly/jerku
pedromarquesI 1 year ago
GRUNGE KILLED METAL.
falloftroy555222 1 year ago
omg guys! how can u be so unrespectful? I like this guy and he knows how to play....is it so bad to click on different ads when the video's over? if you dont like it go away^^ i dont fucking care whats on ur opinion...i just wanted to say that this guy is nice to show us...if you dont like it, dont fucking watch it!!!
H4NDGREN4DE 1 year ago 2
@H4NDGREN4DE and no one cares that you dont care whats "on" our opinions. fail
Skateronastick 1 year ago
oo..nicw guitar
CPTcorfu 1 year ago
good =D
....
/watch?gl=BR&v=EebzEkABEbM
tkdwtf31 1 year ago
I'm avoiding expertvillage videos completely from now on. I learnt i the hard way. :((
kawabunga1996 1 year ago
kurt cobain dont play like that, asshole
Masterconker 1 year ago 3
you motherfucka... you stupid.
xxxbAkuxxx 1 year ago
that good!!!
v2ewdlf9 1 year ago
I'm sure Kurt Cobain would also use his middle finger to describe this lessons..... what's with all the 1 min videos? -.-
NightlightsFlame 1 year ago 4
fukn sucks
Ajak28Hype 1 year ago
Quit complaing. It's free. And hey the song is easy you shouldn't really need a lesson for it. Go look up some tabs,
itsallgood239 1 year ago
expert village is noob lvl 1 uno hana one balak knto
MrComano 1 year ago
does he think he's good?
connorsvideos1 1 year ago
WHAT DA FUNK! That's it?!?! He didn't teach us how to play anything. I was still able to piece the chords together myself,but FUCK! This video is mislabeled to get views. Expert VIllage, if you read this... FUCK YOU! except for your sign language video with that hot German lady.
AfroSchmuck 1 year ago 5
Check out are cover of this song
1projectreality 1 year ago
you people he is teaching you to play the da song. first he teaches you the chords in the song then in another video he shows you how to use them in the song. So no it is not a fail!
Chiller295 1 year ago
cool can u check out are cover of this song
1projectreality 1 year ago