This guy is a con. His car can only goes about 5 miles. He lies so that he can get fool investors to buy his licenses. Sort of like a Nigerian con, we have this money we are holding, just sent us your money so that we can give you our money.
@lucas911611 As air expands it cools this can condense and freeze water in the air. If you use a dryer on the compressor this isn't a problem it just wastes yet more energy. Question with a question Do dive tanks smell? think about it
would this working in cold weather? If it is compressed air, would the air inside the compressed tank be turned into ice if the weather is below certain degree?
Sigh Air compressors and air motors (you need both) are horrendously inefficient due to the ideal gas law. There is no way round this. An electric vehicle is five times more efficient
Remember all the claims etc by MDI are lies This is an ongoing SCAM
Instead of using electricity or any other form of energy to create compressed air energy to drive an engine, is it not cheaper and more efficient to use electricity directly to run an electric motor. For me, it is just stupid to use one form of energy to create another form of energy to drive an engine.
Instead of using electricity to compress air to drive the engine, is it not cheaper and more efficient to use electricity directly to run an electric motor?
@mspurplek420 To store 14.3 kWh at 300 bar in 300 l (90 m3 at 1 bar) reservoirs, u need at least 93 kWh on the compressor side (and 14.3 kWh is the energy equivalent of less than 1 l of gasoline): Hahahahah!!
Tell me, what does a mentally challenged person like you think about who or how the air is compressed in the first place???? Hahahaha, does it happen automatically??? Is it pure magic??? Yiipppiiieehh: The world full of fools!!
By the way if you are so lazy and or stupid you can't follow the link I posted that proves the horrible inefficency regarding this piece of crap why are you commenting??
These guys have had this car for a long time ...I heard about this over ten years ago.....Still not on the road,,,,,,Don't be so amazed at this.....If there was not so much oil for the powers that be to continue getting rich off of ...they could make a car that runs on monkey farts...check out the documentary "Who Killed the Electric Car?"..I built an electric car in high school 10 yrs ago..Where GM's EV 1... The next cars will run on fuel cells cuz then they could sell you the fuel.
What a great idea! I've seen similar cars here in the USA that are weird looking, but can go 80mph and refuel while driving, via a port in the top. But they look like the old "Mr. Turtle Pool". BTW, Mike Huckabee for vice president? You're just plain STUPID. It's not about "opinon" at this point, or politics. It's about common freakin' sense.
This comment has received too many negative votesshow
Hahaha ... how brain amputated one has to be to think that this shitty compressed air stupidity solves any energy problem??? Ah, because this shit doesn't emit CO2 when driving??? Ah, and who or what compresses the air??? Really, how brain amputated one needs to be.
And please, this shit is certainly no 'new technology' or "smart invention", but the latest rubbish from France that does not work. Please, Frenchies, do us a favor and cultivate wine!
If you get your power from a clean power source, then it becomes a completely green car. It doesn't take a rocket scientist to figure that one out smart one.
Oh, please, France, stay with what you are good at: Perfume, cosmetics, gays, wine ... but please do us the favor of sparing us the displeasure of French engineering. This MDI guy is dumb as hell.
How does this work with the roll of Pennies, Robby?
I have to admit, my comment wasn't complete. On the one hand you have dumb Frenchies like this MDI guy who really should spare the world with his rubbish car that cause much more CO2 than conventional cars, on the other hand you have dumb American Billy Bobs like you who believe any pseudo-scientific gibberish, without thinking for a second with the small portion of brain they have.
"Pollution free vehicle that produces zero emissions." ???? How can you say such stupid things, millionaireking?? Bingo!! Yet another stupid Billy Bob!
"... can extend the range to over 869.89 miles"??? Really??? And why not 868.48??
Wasting it how? The modern internal combustion engine is every bit as inefficient as this thing is. By using this, you'd be doing the EXACT same thing as you would with a normal car, only without the Co2. I love the internal combustion engine more than most, but sadly something needs to be done.
Sigh Air compressors and air motors (you need both) are horrendously inefficient due to the ideal gas law. There is no way round this. An electric vehicle is five times more efficient
Remember all the claims etc by MDI are lies This is an ongoing SCAM
cool car. But i'm not completely sold. If they made it allot faster, a WHOLE LOT better looking. And then maybe did something about that horrible exhaust note. Then we'll be talking! Even now i'd probably still buy one for driving around town. And leave the real cars for the weekend!
Wrong, It DOES matter what it looks like. It doesn't matter what mileage it gets, or what features it has. If it's ugly, then no one is going to buy it, plain and simple. Just like a house, it doesn't matter what the cost, or where it is, no one is going to buy it if it's painted pink with purple pokadots.
a car that runs on air sounds awesome to some of us, but not everyone may think that. sometimes people just think about the looks... try looking at a millionare, he's not gonna go around driving something unatractive, he wants to take care of his image... i agree with salemcripple, caring for the enviroment with this new invention is going to help us greatly, but it would be better if MORE people buy it, hence they need to work on the design, and the looks.
thats not what i meant.... its important on BOTH aspects. The most important of course, is being that it works and that it can run on air. thats AWESOME. but, to help it sell, it wouldn't hurt to think about the looks
Exactly! why can't other people see it that way? I like this car, i think technologically it's one of the coolest cars to ever be produced. But the only reservations i would have about buying one is the fact that it is uglier than sin. But i would still buy on given i had the money.
I think it's a beautful idea. If we add some etheric oil in tat tanks, then we can forget about car smog. We could use solar electric power to compress that air. Maybe is little bit more expecnive, but it's clean...
First of all, those who point out that energy is needed compress the air, usually electricity. The electricity has to be made somehow. The most ideal way would be to use solar generated electricity or wind generated electricity. But, what a lot of people don't think about and these reporters don't dwell on is that an engine powered by compressed air would generate very little heat. A huge percentage of the energy lost in an internal combustion engine is due to heat, and that is a huge bonus.
and we cant just charge a battery? you would lose a lot of energy from compressing it. all the heat that escapes, and the noise is energy too you know. sound energy is what they should go for
Even if it is spent energy to compress the air, it is MUCH less than the energy a normal car spents running on fuel. You can see that in the fulling price: 2 dollars. How much costs a normal tank fulling??? And you think that reduced price is due to what? Well, if you use your head to think, not to separate you ears, you'll find that its due to less amount of energy spent. Less amount of evergy spent = less poluting.
What you are proposing to us, idiots, is that only a car that spents no energy at all would be no poluting. Well, if you study physic you'll see that theres no movement without energy. That energy on cars obviously cant come from food, therefore we need to use "artificial" energy to run our cars. On normal cars, that energy comes from fuel exploding, and high amounts of polution. In the air-moved car, that amount of polution is reduced to almost the level of your intelligence >>>
<<< even though it doesnt get there, it is exteamly reduced polution. This polution left, comes from the energy-providing systems, which in the future will probably be provided by ecological means, such as eolic, solar, etc. I hope you can see that, meanwhile, no advance is complete, and there's always going to be something else to improve. In this case, it is the energy used to provide the air, which hopefully in the future will also be ecological :) .
Though I'm not fond of the body style, $6,500 is a good price so long as you can economically get good mileage; and take long trips without worry. I was looking into the Smart Fortwo car a while back. At a starting point of over $11,000, I might as well just keep paying for the expensive gas. I was shocked that you could spend about $20,000 on the "deluxe" model. What good are these vehicles, if you cant afford them? That is the current hurdle. Glad to see someone taking this into account.
Well, how much costs a normal car?? In the british ford website, a ford ka costs £7,645, which is cheaper than the $6,500 paid for the AIR-MOVED car. Not to mention that the for ka is so ugly, that you'll look better in a minicat.
=) I agree (and was just kiddin' up above. It was just funny because I had just seen a vid about how hybrids are running over kids and blind people because they are too quiet and then saw this where the car is too loud.
using acoustical Engineering science, it will be easy to fix that. probably a sound proof chamber enclosing the noise source (Engine). or better yet solve the problem at its roots and identify the point in the process where the energy is converted to noise and rectify that so that it is converted to mechanical energy so as not to waste energy and improve efficiency and reduce noise.
PRAYER FOR AMERICA...the Controversial Video from Mysterious CATMAN COHEN
"Let them breathe the noxious fumes that result from their gas-guzzling profits, let them grow nauseous at the sight of rotten brown air, let them battle the cancers and tumors that afflict the denizens of the smog, let them be denied any further refuge from their 'auto pollution crimes,' and let them fully realize that there can be no escape from L.A. air-quality Hell until they manufacture a vehicular Savior."
you are clearly part of an interest group that supports the current technology. either you are among the money making team that is part of selling the gas that is sickening mother nature through global warming or a blue collar who fears his or her job will be lost or business will be compromised by any effort to push for any technological advancement that will replace the current expensive, reckless and insufficient one.
PRAYER FOR AMERICA...the Controversial Video from Mysterious CATMAN COHEN
"If I could be a benevolent dictator for a single day, I would legislate that all auto executives in America MUST live and work in downtown Los Angeles until such time that they create a viable clean energy car."
This guy is a con. His car can only goes about 5 miles. He lies so that he can get fool investors to buy his licenses. Sort of like a Nigerian con, we have this money we are holding, just sent us your money so that we can give you our money.
PureAwesomenessify 11 months ago 2
Would this car work in cold weather? When filling the tank, and if the tank got moist air in it, would it freeze?
What if the air is contaminated? driving a car that spew contaminated air?
When a tank is old, would it smell dirty like those old balloon I mean when a balloon or bike tire, when u let the air go, it smells so bad.
I am just curious and love to see what others think of this?
lucas911611 1 year ago
@lucas911611 As air expands it cools this can condense and freeze water in the air. If you use a dryer on the compressor this isn't a problem it just wastes yet more energy. Question with a question Do dive tanks smell? think about it
fizzguts 11 months ago
@lucas911611 cant be any worse than petrol cars.
Mik3m6232 10 months ago
would this working in cold weather? If it is compressed air, would the air inside the compressed tank be turned into ice if the weather is below certain degree?
lucas911611 1 year ago
so! did Nissan Cube copied their car shape or the other way? I want this car in US!!!
AcceleraTube 1 year ago
@AcceleraTube Why? The only published test it went 5 miles. So?
fizzguts 1 year ago
This has been flagged as spam show
Free Energy is real and its here but the coverup is strong, if u are interested in a REAL free energy magnet motor then
just go to LT-MAGNET-MOTORdotCOM and download the blueprints ,it is probably the ONLY working magnet
motor out there. Join the free energy revolution!!
ivylsp 1 year ago
Put a turbine directly on an aircompressor. Put them all over town.
There you go.
EarthAdvocate1 1 year ago
This has been flagged as spam show
@EarthAdvocate1
Quote "Put a turbine directly on an aircompressor "
Really!
DO you have ANY idea how big a wind turbine would be required?
Hint to recharge this POC for the pathetic actual (not MDI is fantasy) 5 mile range it takes a 6kw compressor running for 6 hours.
fizzguts 1 year ago
why havn't i heard of this
toyotaprius79 1 year ago
@toyotaprius79 It's a stupid short range (5miles) con aimed at technically illiterate investors
fizzguts 1 year ago 2
This has been flagged as spam show
Sigh Air compressors and air motors (you need both) are horrendously inefficient due to the ideal gas law. There is no way round this. An electric vehicle is five times more efficient
Remember all the claims etc by MDI are lies This is an ongoing SCAM
fizzguts 1 year ago
Use a coil spring like in a wall clock to unwind and move the car.
Muscle power clean energy.
Wind up the spring every time it unwinds, and you are home.
dgkg60 1 year ago
Instead of using electricity or any other form of energy to create compressed air energy to drive an engine, is it not cheaper and more efficient to use electricity directly to run an electric motor. For me, it is just stupid to use one form of energy to create another form of energy to drive an engine.
ZillionSouls 1 year ago 2
Instead of using electricity to compress air to drive the engine, is it not cheaper and more efficient to use electricity directly to run an electric motor?
ZillionSouls 1 year ago
i think it sounds like a great idea time we start saving the planet...
mspurplek420 2 years ago
This has been flagged as spam show
@mspurplek420 To store 14.3 kWh at 300 bar in 300 l (90 m3 at 1 bar) reservoirs, u need at least 93 kWh on the compressor side (and 14.3 kWh is the energy equivalent of less than 1 l of gasoline): Hahahahah!!
Tell me, what does a mentally challenged person like you think about who or how the air is compressed in the first place???? Hahahaha, does it happen automatically??? Is it pure magic??? Yiipppiiieehh: The world full of fools!!
joakimveyron 1 year ago
They said the same thing about gas cars . IT was a flaming chariot. Never forget the PINTO>
spopajr 2 years ago
It's a con to suck money from technical illiterates for "Franchise" fees. It is short range, slow and horribly inefficient.
Google "vencat 20 miles" for the latest on this scam.
fizzguts 2 years ago
What was that the announcer said about "natural gas"
at around 1:55?
I could not understand it.
tigerbody1 2 years ago
they look nice at the front but they look horrible at the back!
matt270296 2 years ago
"they look nice at the front but they look horrible at the back!"
I do not understand what you are talking about here.
Please explain.
tigerbody1 2 years ago
Pretty self explanatory there genus.
salemcripple 2 years ago
By the way if you are so lazy and or stupid you can't follow the link I posted that proves the horrible inefficency regarding this piece of crap why are you commenting??
fizzguts 2 years ago
So you admit you are stupid and lazy (and can't spell) well good for you.
Funny old world
fizzguts 2 years ago
No, i just realize your a fucking troll. And i'm not going to be sucked into your shit.
salemcripple 2 years ago
Gotcha! bwahahaha
fizzguts 2 years ago
These guys have had this car for a long time ...I heard about this over ten years ago.....Still not on the road,,,,,,Don't be so amazed at this.....If there was not so much oil for the powers that be to continue getting rich off of ...they could make a car that runs on monkey farts...check out the documentary "Who Killed the Electric Car?"..I built an electric car in high school 10 yrs ago..Where GM's EV 1... The next cars will run on fuel cells cuz then they could sell you the fuel.
ToneJermain 2 years ago
& Do they have to make these cars look futuristic? Kinda looks gay lol.
RastafariPoet 2 years ago
tHAT WOULD LOOK NICE IN THE BED OF MY F150 WITH FLOWERS GROWING OUT OF IT
StephanieBitnerBitch 2 years ago
electric man electric car in motion returns power to generator high efficency battery and motor problem solved booooyahhh
lankey32 3 years ago
What a great idea! I've seen similar cars here in the USA that are weird looking, but can go 80mph and refuel while driving, via a port in the top. But they look like the old "Mr. Turtle Pool". BTW, Mike Huckabee for vice president? You're just plain STUPID. It's not about "opinon" at this point, or politics. It's about common freakin' sense.
Borbnert 3 years ago
This comment has received too many negative votes show
Hahaha ... how brain amputated one has to be to think that this shitty compressed air stupidity solves any energy problem??? Ah, because this shit doesn't emit CO2 when driving??? Ah, and who or what compresses the air??? Really, how brain amputated one needs to be.
And please, this shit is certainly no 'new technology' or "smart invention", but the latest rubbish from France that does not work. Please, Frenchies, do us a favor and cultivate wine!
shanghaikidx 2 years ago
Atleast their doing something
RastafariPoet 2 years ago
If you get your power from a clean power source, then it becomes a completely green car. It doesn't take a rocket scientist to figure that one out smart one.
salemcripple 2 years ago
Oh, please, France, stay with what you are good at: Perfume, cosmetics, gays, wine ... but please do us the favor of sparing us the displeasure of French engineering. This MDI guy is dumb as hell.
shanghaikidx 2 years ago
go shove a roll of pennies in your ass shang
RobertFeltenberger 2 years ago
How does this work with the roll of Pennies, Robby?
I have to admit, my comment wasn't complete. On the one hand you have dumb Frenchies like this MDI guy who really should spare the world with his rubbish car that cause much more CO2 than conventional cars, on the other hand you have dumb American Billy Bobs like you who believe any pseudo-scientific gibberish, without thinking for a second with the small portion of brain they have.
joaquinveyron 2 years ago
"Pollution free vehicle that produces zero emissions." ???? How can you say such stupid things, millionaireking?? Bingo!! Yet another stupid Billy Bob!
"... can extend the range to over 869.89 miles"??? Really??? And why not 868.48??
joaquinveyron 2 years ago
"If you get your power from a clean power source"
You'd be wasting it running this horribly inefficient piece of crap
fizzguts 2 years ago
Wasting it how? The modern internal combustion engine is every bit as inefficient as this thing is. By using this, you'd be doing the EXACT same thing as you would with a normal car, only without the Co2. I love the internal combustion engine more than most, but sadly something needs to be done.
salemcripple 2 years ago
Sigh Air compressors and air motors (you need both) are horrendously inefficient due to the ideal gas law. There is no way round this. An electric vehicle is five times more efficient
Remember all the claims etc by MDI are lies This is an ongoing SCAM
fizzguts 2 years ago
cool car. But i'm not completely sold. If they made it allot faster, a WHOLE LOT better looking. And then maybe did something about that horrible exhaust note. Then we'll be talking! Even now i'd probably still buy one for driving around town. And leave the real cars for the weekend!
salemcripple 3 years ago
it does not matter what it looks like.
It matters that can work, and does this really work?
For the distance they are claiming?
Who supports this evidence?
tigerbody1 2 years ago
Wrong, It DOES matter what it looks like. It doesn't matter what mileage it gets, or what features it has. If it's ugly, then no one is going to buy it, plain and simple. Just like a house, it doesn't matter what the cost, or where it is, no one is going to buy it if it's painted pink with purple pokadots.
salemcripple 2 years ago
So, your opinion is about the superficial and not the
substantial?
tigerbody1 2 years ago
No, it's on BOTH.
salemcripple 2 years ago
a car that runs on air sounds awesome to some of us, but not everyone may think that. sometimes people just think about the looks... try looking at a millionare, he's not gonna go around driving something unatractive, he wants to take care of his image... i agree with salemcripple, caring for the enviroment with this new invention is going to help us greatly, but it would be better if MORE people buy it, hence they need to work on the design, and the looks.
ElLanzXP 2 years ago
Okay - let's just think about looks and nothing else.
tigerbody1 2 years ago
thats not what i meant.... its important on BOTH aspects. The most important of course, is being that it works and that it can run on air. thats AWESOME. but, to help it sell, it wouldn't hurt to think about the looks
ElLanzXP 2 years ago
Exactly! why can't other people see it that way? I like this car, i think technologically it's one of the coolest cars to ever be produced. But the only reservations i would have about buying one is the fact that it is uglier than sin. But i would still buy on given i had the money.
salemcripple 2 years ago
I don't see what the big deal about image is. Just paint some naked ladies on the hood and you're good to go!
GaryVonGary 2 years ago
lol. I wonder how many times i'd get pulled over for that?
salemcripple 2 years ago
I think it's a beautful idea. If we add some etheric oil in tat tanks, then we can forget about car smog. We could use solar electric power to compress that air. Maybe is little bit more expecnive, but it's clean...
prijazen1975 3 years ago
First of all, those who point out that energy is needed compress the air, usually electricity. The electricity has to be made somehow. The most ideal way would be to use solar generated electricity or wind generated electricity. But, what a lot of people don't think about and these reporters don't dwell on is that an engine powered by compressed air would generate very little heat. A huge percentage of the energy lost in an internal combustion engine is due to heat, and that is a huge bonus.
mscthompson 3 years ago 2
Yes, we should use the ideal way.
tigerbody1 2 years ago
and we cant just charge a battery? you would lose a lot of energy from compressing it. all the heat that escapes, and the noise is energy too you know. sound energy is what they should go for
wootbug 3 years ago 2
uh... whats gonna compress that air??? FUEL maby!? idiots...
wootbug 3 years ago
electricity that can be made using hydroelectric power maybe?
acowfrog 3 years ago 2
Even if it is spent energy to compress the air, it is MUCH less than the energy a normal car spents running on fuel. You can see that in the fulling price: 2 dollars. How much costs a normal tank fulling??? And you think that reduced price is due to what? Well, if you use your head to think, not to separate you ears, you'll find that its due to less amount of energy spent. Less amount of evergy spent = less poluting.
lrbblumenthal 3 years ago
Let's see the real numbers to support this claim!
tigerbody1 2 years ago
What you are proposing to us, idiots, is that only a car that spents no energy at all would be no poluting. Well, if you study physic you'll see that theres no movement without energy. That energy on cars obviously cant come from food, therefore we need to use "artificial" energy to run our cars. On normal cars, that energy comes from fuel exploding, and high amounts of polution. In the air-moved car, that amount of polution is reduced to almost the level of your intelligence >>>
lrbblumenthal 3 years ago 2
<<< even though it doesnt get there, it is exteamly reduced polution. This polution left, comes from the energy-providing systems, which in the future will probably be provided by ecological means, such as eolic, solar, etc. I hope you can see that, meanwhile, no advance is complete, and there's always going to be something else to improve. In this case, it is the energy used to provide the air, which hopefully in the future will also be ecological :) .
lrbblumenthal 3 years ago 2
is it going to be in manual transmission too??
kickflip1996 3 years ago
Though I'm not fond of the body style, $6,500 is a good price so long as you can economically get good mileage; and take long trips without worry. I was looking into the Smart Fortwo car a while back. At a starting point of over $11,000, I might as well just keep paying for the expensive gas. I was shocked that you could spend about $20,000 on the "deluxe" model. What good are these vehicles, if you cant afford them? That is the current hurdle. Glad to see someone taking this into account.
some1fun 3 years ago
Well, how much costs a normal car?? In the british ford website, a ford ka costs £7,645, which is cheaper than the $6,500 paid for the AIR-MOVED car. Not to mention that the for ka is so ugly, that you'll look better in a minicat.
lrbblumenthal 3 years ago
they should just be free!
;(
tigerbody1 2 years ago
WHY IS SHE NOT WEARING A SEATBELT? Good for kids, eh?
cmann303 3 years ago
What the hell is going on here? The English and the French driving on the left side of the car- WHAT?
treasuredragon 3 years ago
Did she just get in a car and drive ONLY to illustrate a point and for creative purposes of filming this?
Irisheyes77christy 3 years ago
WHAT ABOUT THE NOISE POLLUTION !!!
PYTHAGORAS101 3 years ago
Better then the hybrid video I just saw... they are running over kids and the blind because they are so quiet. =)
Irisheyes77christy 3 years ago
Well i live in the country , i like it quiet .
i 'm sure there are ways to overcome the problem of quiet cars killing people on the road .
If we are going to give up petrol cars ,i'm sure nobody would want to drive something that sounds like a giant food processor
PYTHAGORAS101 3 years ago
=) I agree (and was just kiddin' up above. It was just funny because I had just seen a vid about how hybrids are running over kids and blind people because they are too quiet and then saw this where the car is too loud.
Irisheyes77christy 3 years ago
using acoustical Engineering science, it will be easy to fix that. probably a sound proof chamber enclosing the noise source (Engine). or better yet solve the problem at its roots and identify the point in the process where the energy is converted to noise and rectify that so that it is converted to mechanical energy so as not to waste energy and improve efficiency and reduce noise.
mboromboro 3 years ago
Yeah sure more R&D would help ,but i think the whole idea is quite daft actualy .
You still need to buy fuel to run the compressor to get the air in the tank .
I'm sure survo's are not going to let you have theres for nothing if you are not buying petrol .
PYTHAGORAS101 3 years ago
PRAYER FOR AMERICA...the Controversial Video from Mysterious CATMAN COHEN
"Let them breathe the noxious fumes that result from their gas-guzzling profits, let them grow nauseous at the sight of rotten brown air, let them battle the cancers and tumors that afflict the denizens of the smog, let them be denied any further refuge from their 'auto pollution crimes,' and let them fully realize that there can be no escape from L.A. air-quality Hell until they manufacture a vehicular Savior."
KeevayMusic 3 years ago 2
you are clearly part of an interest group that supports the current technology. either you are among the money making team that is part of selling the gas that is sickening mother nature through global warming or a blue collar who fears his or her job will be lost or business will be compromised by any effort to push for any technological advancement that will replace the current expensive, reckless and insufficient one.
mboromboro 3 years ago
PRAYER FOR AMERICA...the Controversial Video from Mysterious CATMAN COHEN
"If I could be a benevolent dictator for a single day, I would legislate that all auto executives in America MUST live and work in downtown Los Angeles until such time that they create a viable clean energy car."
KeevayMusic 3 years ago 2
Where can I invest in MIDI stock NOW!!!!
It's about time. Thank you for your vision and for caring. I want one now!
verumimillenium 3 years ago
This comment has received too many negative votes show
Hahaha .... another of the many stupid investors whose money got embezzled. Long live the stupidity of people!
shanghaikidx 2 years ago
i would love to have one but they make to much noise
sosonam 3 years ago
That is so funny!
tigerbody1 2 years ago
me to :-)
ajmcintosh 3 years ago
I want one!
awarrumbungle 3 years ago 2