Frequency Stability

[sanguinarabbita]

Reminds me of the first few minutes of Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are Dead. ;)

[minusdotminus]

well assuming that there is something like true randomness of a coin

in real world, the difference between a mathematical model

and reality might seem small but for a human but it may be crucial for life

so if you show me a coin that shows 50 times heads in a row of 100

i will get suspicious.

i suggest some readings of nassim taleb

[Umair166]

Okay. Back to the video instead of praising khan academy, I'm sure it just wants to know how people feel of the video. Phrases such as "omg this video portrays things soooooo much cooler!" are so cliche. Get to the point.

I completely agree with this video. I don't think truly random numbers are possible.

[viorel22cr]

can this be applied to computer generated random numbers?

[ArtOfTheProblem]

@viorel22cr Yes this property is taken into account when measuring the 'quality' of pseudorandomness (machine generated).

[viorel22cr]

thanks for your answer, but here is something extra, how is this true in relationship with time? I mean if you count sequences from time zero to time finish this property can apply , because you can count all possible combinations, but what about if you only count sequences in one hour? or two hours, and the light switches are spaced 5 minutes apart. I am working on such a problem and I'm searching for a solution. Thanks

[weckar]

Its like having people spread randomly across a room. It cannot be done.

[jlennardz]

Well i can clearly see the art of this problem.

[vickiormindyb]

I think that's how Mitt Romney plans on getting elected.

[mikeroweRules12]

@vickiormindyb as a ron paul supporter this is funny hahha

[Jarrodmontelius]

@vickiormindyb RON PAUL! 2012 FOR LIBERTY!

[Goofmobber]

Excellent demonstration

[MarcusMarulus]

this video is great

interesting simple :D

[andreirocks1992]

khan academy should have more videos like this :)

[Rime247]

now that was dope

[MAATIR]

Nice

[authmaax]

the physical act (of using the body to flip a coin) is also programmed but is stable because it is a physical expression without any conscious mind envolved

the conscious mind is not stable and does not produce stability

not even by impersonating randomness

[calbear2006]

A similar presentation was made in a probability class at Berkeley, with a different twist on the numerical trends. If interested, see the Radiolab archives & search for their episode on stochasiticity...

[glavgad]

@calbear2006

Thanks dude, i am learning electronics and telecommunications so i really need to understand these concepts, can you maybe give some other usefull links like radiolab?

[Kevill]

So if you were able to have an empty mind and told it to perform such a

task at random.

Would it stick to the mathematical randomness, or would it still have a bias on some patterns despite the fact that there are no thoughts in it's mind about patterns and what is, or isn't random?

[Theomacho]

@Kevill Random is a hypothetical concept. A construct of human imagination. I find it illogical. You're making a good point. A computer is like an unbiased mind and it can't be told to do something at random. It needs data. Just like every other event in the universe. Cause and effect.

[SalsaTiger83]

@Theomacho so what's your point? If you can't predict it, it might as well be random. By the way, random variables can have a distribution that is non-uniform and there are ways to get very close to "perfectly" random.

[Jarrodmontelius]

@SalsaTiger83 STFU

[Florion]

So cool! I'm glad this came up on my subscription feed! :D It's not a question I would have thought to ask or think about, but it's... just... so cool! <3

[McDaddyboy]

I really liked this presentation. It's visually stimulating and thought provoking...it draws me in and I want to see more!!!!!

[MarvelsofaLifetime]

Can you do this with prime numbers?

[nightpotato]

awwwwwwwwwesome. Humans are so bad at probability. Reminds me of Nassim Taleb.

[rinwhr]

"There is no such thing as lucky numbers". There goes my lottery ticket...

[imorio]

Wrong, not every sequence is equally likely to occur. Or to be more precise, in 3 flips of a coin, every combination of heads and tails is equally likely, but in a large amount of flips, the odds of getting a specific sequence of length 3 depends on the sequence.

[thecrooksareinoffice]

cool bro

[theholywand11]

What is this like probability? 

[pavelavietor1]

hello the $ ? is. All man are not created equal, so can they crate similar sequences or each individual will differ in their randomness

[mahiname12]

my brain, they assploded.... so the uniform graph is the one who flipped the coin and the uneven graph is the girl who guessed it because people tend to favor certain sequences/patterns? right?

[liadon666]

Yes , but , can you do it with prime numbers ?

[Mrsmith42e]

Spooky.



[JimmyPageIsALegend]

Really good video :D

[TTTiton5]

i love that it's an actual video of something. I understand something in 2 minutes way better. Thanks. awesome presentation

[RonBurgundy161]

This blew my mind.

[MarvelsofaLifetime]

Sal you’re amazing, I’ve been following you since you’ve had only like 38,000 subscribers and I just wanted to let you know (again!) that you’re the frigging man!

[heelsoverheadgb]

@MarvelsofaLifetime actually brit cruise

[MarvelsofaLifetime]

Wow, this is very thought-provoking. So the main, and indeed only (hopefully that isn’t an overstatement,) difference between the attempted causation of randomness that transpires in each room has to do with the length of the sequence of the numbers being randomized – and not merely the numbers being randomized themselves, irrespective to the length of the sequence that they’re coupled with. The only thing preventing someone from concocting truly random sequences is this “length factor…”

[uptownartbeat]

Music is great.

[ojdp]

Wow, incredible! I want to see more!

[DeluxeWarPlaya]

Who's the narrator? Where's Sal?

[GetMeThere1]

I've heard there's a Zen practice that involves placing ink dots on a paper in truly random positions--and practitioners claim it's virtually impossible for the "unenlightened" to accomplish.

[mail22]

How can this be applied to the lottery? 

[josefwurst]

nice thank you ...

[DancingHorses26]

The more times you flip a coin, the chance of having created any particular sequence of heads and tails becomes less and less. That's why the odds of flipping four thousand heads in a row is considerably less than the odds of flipping four heads in a row. It looks like "maturity of the chances", but what you're actually seeing is the increasing unlikeliness of creating any pattern in the increasingly large pool of possible results.

[MrMizzouDaBest]

Deep

[TheAeroMechanic]

jhuythdesfrgb798op85g4u4wc5ye6­uri67h8o978654f3dw54ye6

Sorry I'm just cleaning parts of my brain off my keyboard because MY MIND JUST GOT BLOWN'!

[kblood82]

Well, a sequence of all 1s is just as likely as any other sequence. Still when you are just looking at it as outcomes of 1s and 0s instead of the sequence, it seems it would be unlikely for the sequence to contain only 1s or 0s compared to the odds of having half of them being 1s and half being 0s. Which seems to contradict the statement about the sequence.

All of which makes the video much more interesting since it does not contradict the statement . The difference is just the perspective.

[freydawg56]

So it shows human nature is to favor certain patterns. Would a person who has seen this video be able to have a better chance at pretending to be random and thus not get caught ?

Example, in terms of trying to be random as a competition, you can play Rock, Paper, Scissors against an advanced Computer Algorithm. I have done very well against the computer by not thinking about what i'm gonna throw.

[freydawg56]

nytimes.com/interactive/scienc­e/rock-paper-scissors.html

[engineerify100]

Any sequance have the random shape may gave one of answer

[gmvsea]

really cool---the soviets used to generate code sheets by typing random letters on a typewriter---but their typists were not really typing randomly, they often just alternated hands---if plain text is coded using a random, non-repeating key, it is impossible to break---but if the key is not random (or cycles), then longer texts are vulnerable to crypt-analysis---i would love to know how non-randomness and/or cycles can compromise a cypher-text---please ♥

[richkidsmartkid]

mind blowing

[BitJKar]

One person chose at random.

[AndyBlogz]

This was absolutely brilliant! Thanks for sharing this! I hope you make more videos like these!

[sachinabey]

why a sequence of threes? why not twos or fours?

[ArtOfTheProblem]

@sachinabey Good question, you can use any length of sequence - 3 is just convenient. The graph gets very large with longer sequences since the number of combinations explodes.

[questions117]

We did something like this in ap chemistry where we threw a thousand pennies all over the floor and counted the heads vs. tails... it was awesome. (the experiment was bigger than just that, but we were basically learning part of this concept)

[doxz40]

If I didn't know the title of the video, I would say it has something to do with probabilities. I like it anyway :D

[kimpossible87]

This is brilliant. If Khan Academy continue to produce such innovative education I wont get my kids into school......

[imnotMarco]

@kimpossible87 hahaha

[epilobello]

"if we flip a coin 10x it is equally likely to come up all heads, all tails or any other sequence you can think off". I had to think about that a little bit, given that the only thing I remember about statistics is the coin toss homework, 50% heads, 50% tails. So the probability of getting any one pattern in a 10x sequence of coin tosses is 1:1024, right? or is it 1:1023?

[ImTestingSleeping]

@epilobello 1 in 1024.

[maokize]

THANK YOU. This is incredible! MORE of these please! 

[isakoqv]

Love the spooky music, I feel like I'm learning some big terrible secret.

[khosrok]

@isakoqv Genius comment, made me laugh real hard :)

[kbponline]

This is really well done! If I had seen this on paper, I wouldn't have understood at all. But in two minutes, I feel like you've explained in fairly simple terms a very complicated idea!

[Nomoreidsleft]

@kbponline If you think you understand this from a two minute video, think twice. This is actually much more complicated than that.

[SemanticField]

@kbponline It's because videos and graphics convey much more information than the text do, and you use both ur eyes and ears to process these information.That's why videos seem more "meaningful" thatn text.

[Killuminatismd]

very very interesting

[Inoqulenticity]

Hah, brilliant! It'd be awesome if there were more like this.

[TyuCytrus]

Really interesting! Keep doing these videos, guys. Knowledge is a blessing.

[cheese884]

Really cool. I liked it.

[thamightybountykilla]

This actually makes me want to learn more about probability and statistics.

[chocomalk]

I read about this in "The Golden Ratio" by Mario Livio, pretty cool stuff.

[SuperBrainStorms]

Interesting.



[Hooya2]

Short answer: no.

[uniconism]

LOL When I clicked on this I thought it was VSAUCE!

[bliyra]

badass

[NavjotGraphicDesign]

one of the first.

[beniboy89]

This is so awesome!

[uniconism]

damn.



[5gunpowder4sand]

first comment! OMG I love you sal!

[CTRmaniac]

1st View!