Making Graphene 101, Ozyilmaz' Group

[MrMeat42]

I thought graphine was supposed to be unbreakable

[jozeksey]

this video is so shit

[FreeFromWar]

Ok so how do I know it's the strongest material known to man? Can you make a bulletproof vest out of it?

[thecapone45]

Ya lost me at the optical Microscope part..

[AlbertaClimber]

That's great! Graphene particles.. WooHoo!

(but she left out the high-temperature annealing step, which without, you basically have a bunch of graphite dust stuck to some scotch tape.. not very useful).

[TheGuitarguy321]

ok? now when i do this the tape cant all of a sudden hold the weight of an elephant like graphene is stated to be capable of? so tell me how this is the strongest material on the planet?? Also how does graphene stuck into layers become so much better than graphite which is graphene in layers anyway?? im very new to this concept but highly interested! plz reply!

[luisluvsblastbeats54]

i start the vid and think well this is easy.....then 1:20 ...... i dont have one of those

[hifatpeople]

okay... now how do i make this into a batman suit?

[MsH1h1h1h1]

ok but the hard part is going to be to make a large sheet of it. then it will have lots of impurities and it will break easy. this is not going to work

[TimeToWakeUpHasCome]

what is graphene and what can you do with it?

[aussj4link]

@TimeToWakeUpHasCome Its supposed to be the strongest material known to man.

[NickBlackDIN]

has anyone made an actual sheet like 10x10cm of solid, unbroken links of graphine?

[AlchemistxBankai]

I want to walk around naked in a full graphene body suite

[AlchemistxBankai]

Graphene condoms!

[yungmoney922]

@AlchemistxBankai 100% protection against pregnancy and STD's =D lol

[EODsplosion]

That is super cool.

NOW MAKE A SPACE ELEVATOR OUT OF IT! :)

[ObtuseSage]

I wasn't sure I could do this experiment at first, then she got to the optical microscope and I breathed a sigh of relief, guess I'm not out of the game just yet!

[shmoriy]

Lol sweet, now i need $500,000 for an optical microscope and im sweet.

[zachman0808]

lol @ her being careful not to break graphene

[DeathDude72]

Dangit, I thought I could do this at home until you showed us that massive microscope and expensive-looking computer. Dx

[youtubsuxfv]

And what is graphene good for when u finish for solar cells?

Is that why u made the experiment for solar absortion increase?

[00APrilAq00]

u sound like a Filipina.

[andrewmatthews01]

I was like, I can do this! And then she got to the optical microscope.

[xeniosm]

yeap. right

[mvallin]

hold on let me get my silicon wafers and electron microscope real quick...

[TheRealJohnSkinny]

Fuck... everything was going well for me until 1:21

[Tripbag]

@atiqahdotcom, the Americans, and we Canadians have been brainwashed by corporate branding, therefore referring to it as Scotch Tape.

[mvallin]

@Tripbag scotch tape is the brand, and yes we know it is made by other companies. Just like kleenex are made by many different companies but we dont refer to them as tissue paper, we call them kleenex. It's not brain washing, it's a conscious decision.

[crespok200]

ePRTN amen

[carinyuso]

graphene is the strongest material right? so you should not be able to tear the scotch tape if it is all covered with graphene, is it fact? because i know that is takes one elephant weight to break the bond of graphene.

[maiphihung86]

@carinyuso Because G is Strongest material so that we can do it. otherwise We can not.

[nplus9]

@carinyuso Strongest material... lol..

researchers tested properties of graphene using AFM tips which were thicker than the graphene... but Graphene itself is less than nm thick.. its like scratching a piece of A4 paper with a 5 foot pole and reporting that data.. I bet if you test a single layer of MoS2 or BN or infact for any nanolayered material, you will get the same data..

[CalumnMcAulay]

what was the wafer made of?

[hguner1]

It's worth to see electrochromism in graphene:

?v=IcKSZM39F6c

[TheManSpider]

@atiqahdotcom Sellotape is a brand name too.

[minerdalta]

i gave up after hearing the optical microscope part

[thetreeceman]

@atiqahdotcom People in the US say "Scotchtape."

[raiton0523]

so playing with scotch tape and graphite makes a tiny microscopic peice of single layer graphene........how long would it take to make tv sized sheet....

[chemiker1981]

thank you, very nice video!

[sf200425997]

A thing got a Nobel prize? Neither funny, nor correct, yet highest rated. World has turned into shit.

[thisisobvious]

wow, amazing.

[kght222]

graphene has the potential to bring integrated circuits down to the atomic scale. there are still other parts that need fabrication techniques, not to mention putting them togather. but this surely indicates the final stage of moore's law.

[Rolfshus666]

You guys dont understand how big this is, graphine will exchange all the copper tubing in all electronics, it will rain supreme, say hello to the start of the second industrial revolution

[Hopffnung]

Incredible, but this was the first method to get single layer graphene, amazing!!!

[Lasershot117]

We can use graphene for nanotubing technology ! If you sine light on graphene you get a C60 molecules which is buckyballs and if you put it through high voltage it forms some nanotubes where you can even fit buckyballs into. This will have great uses in nanotechnology !

[panzarw]

People please read: ok we have graphene at last and its cheap, but will they make it cheap, the money hungry companies ?

[gayatrisk9]

What r the applications of graphene?????

[gayatrisk9]

What r the applications of graphene?????

[hal970fx]

Carbon is pretty cool.

[peterkrollig]

tards

[zluvu4ever]

We should have known this 150 years ago!

[MrFennmeista]

So easy, Even a cave-man can do it!

[PreApproved1]

so they discovered that what's inside a pencil will be our solution for future electronics? great ! -_-

maybe in 200 years we discover that rat piss is the key for intergalactic travel !

[madichelp0]

@PreApproved1 I'm sure that -_- face will turn into a ^_^ when you get your first graphene computer, it will be paper thin and will run super fast.

[DeluxeWarPlaya]

omg its so simple... why didn't we think of this earlier

[rax7]

lets see how strong they are. test that out.

[Larvemannenz001]

Tape and graphite won the Nobel Prize in Physics, it's so funny to think about.

Does anyone agree that Milestones within physics and chemistry actually has an indirect effect on world peace? I mean, medicinal discoveries within chemistry, will surely help alot more people than mister Obama did in 2009...

[nhojmabon]

Thankyou for the video, it was very interesting to learn the simple techniques to isolate graphene from graphite. Does anybody know the process of producing a small film of graphene? Do you simply overlap lots of small graphene pieces, do you chemically bind many graphene pieces together or can you somehow grow large sheets of graphene?

[AmpleLight]

@nhojmabon I imagine once you have enough of the flakes, you can spray it onto substrates, like a powder coating, but because the flakes are so tiny it makes a perfectly flat surface. Similar to mirra chrome paint.

Industrial processes will probably use a liquid colloidal process, with heating, cooling and spinning to seperate the useable material like any other element.

[AmpleLight]

@nhojmabon There could also be a evaporative deposition process. Where you ionize the graphene into a vapor using high voltage electric discharge, then collect the precipitating ions of graphene from an exhaust chamber onto whatever nesscisary substrate material, this is how they make aluminum mirrors..

[badbill22]

the only thing that's in the way for a super thug to build a tank out of graphite, is that he/she will have to sit on his/her ass for the rest of his/her life just to make enough of it!!

[vicquits]

even homer simpson can make graphene

[tetrflare]

@vicquits Homer should have thought about it first, it would be nice to see him get a nobel prize... d'oh!

[Grundalizer]

What was the starting black flake material?

[tetrflare]

@Grundalizer That is a graphite crystal.

[Grundalizer]

@tetrflare Plain graphite? Graphite oxide? Has it been treated with chemicals?

[tetrflare]

@Grundalizer Natural graphite, no treatment.

[agen703]

@tetrflare yup,the black thing we usually use for pencil is a sample of graphite

[LateNightPVP]

@Grundalizer

Graphite silly

[AmpleLight]

@Grundalizer That would be #2 pencil innerds.

[Grundalizer]

@AmpleLight No, it's hardened for use in pencils

[davetileguy]

@Grundalizer Everyone else seems to agree,now tuck your tail in between your legs and go home.

[Grundalizer]

@davetileguy Cross posting to new threads? Lol you must be desperate. Graphite flakes used in the video are soft, pencil lead is hardened prior to being placed in pencils, so no, it is not a #2 pencil.

[davetileguy]

@Grundalizer #1 I'm older than you "kid" #2 "grow up"? you started with the names, #3 I said other vids use a pencil,does not refer to this one which is clearly what it is ,GRAPHITE FLAKES #4 new threads?Desperate? WTF?

[Grundalizer]

@davetileguy Yo why you so mad bro? You jelly?

[davetileguy]

@Grundalizer Are you deaf? whats wrong with you ? she clearly said Graphite flake.

[davetileguy]

@Grundalizer It says graphite flake plain and simple,other vids use a pencil,damn your stupid, some school actually gave you a chemistry degree?I'm sorry your insecurities are so obvious.

[Timpy2000]

yoo i met this lady who does the voice over the summer. she presented all this data about graphene, and we got to see the stm, and how they look at.

[miadupard1]

we have GOT to find a better way to make this stuff so we can mass produce it and get to work applying it to EVERyTHING!!!!!

[Nomoreidsleft]

Wow, you can already buy graphene on eBay! Only $1000 per gram!

[chuimistro]

@Nomoreidsleft why so cheap?

[0igres]

These guys should have won the Nobel prize in Macguyverology

[tetrflare]

Graphene just got the nobel prize in physics!

[zealot256]

@tetrflare Yeah, read about it today. It's definitely deserved!

[SandroRUS93]

@tetrflare yeah, go Russia

[SweStuff94]

@tetrflare if i tok a Graphene layer and put it bethen 2 shets of steel then heat it up and make a knife of it Would it be harder/more risitent then ordynary steel?

[tetrflare]

@SweStuff94 Most steel already control the hardness by the percentage of carbon content. I'm sure graphene will improve the material strength, but there are considerations on the amount of graphene added and if heating will destroy the graphene by oxidation.

[SweStuff94]

@tetrflare ok ty fore the anser anny way :)

[Maracachucho]

@tetrflare "In Rod We Trust"

[peter49598]

@tetrflare

yay!!!!!!!!

[Ratama]

what a joke they just attached pene to graphite

[quangluu96]

o.o

[quangluu96]

oh yeah future super nano processor can clocked at 500-1000 ghz oh shiet i would run 20 OS without lagging

[Zhumdal]

Where did you purchase your Graphite flakes? What kind of quality are the flakes?

[tetrflare]

@Zhumdal These are natural graphite flakes of high purity. Some groups use HOPG Kish graphite which should have higher purity.

[SputnikMedia]

wff is graphene and what do i need it for?

[quangluu96]

@SputnikMedia graphene is a material that is very durable, light, and strechy, it is 100x better than silicon which will replace in the cpu and turn it into a 100Ghz or more, it can also speed upp the internet company giving u better speed, like 200mega bytes per second or even giga byte

[NanoArts]

Great tetrflare - great explanation! We at Lancaster have tried to use the same region of the tape but it seem that the new one has to be done. Oleg (Kolosov)

[hockart]

Is it safe to assume production of sheets of graphene is still in the realm of science fiction or do you foresee discovery of a method in the future that wouldn't be ridiculously cost prohibitive? My impression is that the physics involved makes such an endeavor nearly impossible.

[tetrflare]

@hockart "Roll-to-roll production of 30-inch graphene films for transparent electrodes" in Nature Nanotechnology recently.

[tetrflare]

Assuming you are refering to number of layers, it depends on the person doing it. With practice, there should be at least a single or bilayer graphene on a 1cm by 1cm chip surface of size >20um. 3-4 points on a chip is most common.

[MTd2]

What do you plan to improve your method? Or do you feel you already accomplished a way to make cheap graphene parts to experiments and is not interested in further development?

[tetrflare]

Currently this is still the best way to obtain high quality graphene. Also, most of our experiment do not need very large graphene sheets. We are also developing in several areas, but I will not comment on them as they have not been refined yet.

[MTd2]

In that video (1:40), the second lightest graphene, which is located in the main piece, seems to have an area 20times bigger than the monolayer. I take that to be the bilayer, I cannot tell what is the size of the parts because the scale was not given.

[tetrflare]

That does look like bilayer, though contrast on the screen is not as accurate as looking into the microscope. At the magnification, as mentioned previously, the vertical height of the image on the screen is 100um. Unfortunately, as this is a point on the chip used just for recording of this video and it was recorded long before I uploaded this here, I can't remember the details.

[MTd2]

Hi tetrflare,

We know that bilayer graphene has a great potential to electronics because of the existence of band gap on room temperature. What is the average size of bilayer graphene you get? What are the biggest sizes of bilayer graphene you obtain?

Cheers.

[tetrflare]

Size of bilayers should be similar to single layers. But personally i do not see many very large size bilayers, about >80um, as compared to single layer. I also forgot to mention that we generally tend to get many more long thin strips of graphene as compared to large area. I have obtained a 180um*10um long strip but only 100um*40um if you consider area. Even these are relatively rare.

[zhang859]

Can you tell me the specific type of graphite you use from NGS Naturgraphit GmbH? Is it the extremely large flakes type or flaggy flakes type? What size are the flakes?

[tetrflare]

Size does not really matter, it can range from few mm to over a cm size flakes. The highest purity is recommended.

[zhang859]

When you say "We most frequently get sizes of around 30-50um", do you mean that the single layer graphene at the lower right corner is 30-50um? So the area size is around 900-2500(um2)?

[tetrflare]

The single layer graphene shown is about 10um in length. This is just a random position on the chip but it shows the contrast difference between each additional layer of graphene. As a guide, the height of the screen equals 100um.

[xfibre]

Do you use a regular, off the shelf scotch tape or something else?

[tetrflare]

Yes, it is regular Scotch brand tape.

[1125kaname]

I think glue or paste of scratch tape will remain on the silicon substrate. Do you do any treatment to take them away?

And also, how big are graphenes on the movie?

[tetrflare]

Normally we do not remove the glue. For experiments that require clean surfaces, we will do the standard annealing in Ar/H2.

We most frequently get sizes of around 30-50um.

[arbit139]

How do you know the graphene at lower right corner is single layer graphene...you are seeing both, at the centre and at lower right corner at same magnification and they look similar. Is there some kind of visual sign i am missing??

[tetrflare]

If you look closely, at the lower right corner there is a very faint outline connected to the purple area, this faint patch is graphene, and not the darker purple regions.

[zhang859]

What kind of the graphite did you use to cleave? Is that natural graphite flakes? Where did you get it?

[tetrflare]

It is natural graphite flakes.

From the company, NGS Naturgraphit GmbH.

[pythagore1234]

What is the brand of your microscope and the camera used?

[tetrflare]

Carl Zeiss Axio Scope and AxioCam series.

[pythagore1234]

What's the model?

[tetrflare]

Axio Imager.A1M and Axio Cam MRc 5.

[AlienInsectX]

if you wanna make a graphene layer of 1 layer why not just get a pencil and draw it onto the sticky tape?

[tetrflare]

Pencil graphite is not crystalline and mixed with other impurities, so single graphene layers will not be on that size scale that is visible or usable.

[warlord90210]

lmao sounds good

[nplus9]

several times!!! How many times plzz?? And how do u know that its mono-layered graphene.. have you tested any Raman or XPS..

And sorry for my limited knowledge on optical microscopy.. what's the wavelength of the light source?

[tetrflare]

Depends on your graphite flake thickness, 5 times at least is a good start. Optical microscope is always an excellent and fast indication of the number of layers and is hardly wrong. We do Raman frequently for verification in important expts and checking quality of graphene. We use white light source, but the prefered wavelength depends on your substrate.