Ocean Acidification

[tomtheginger]

Er......Yeah, Socrates.......you idiot!

[EmptyGazeofAffection]

THE BELOW COMMENTS ARE IN RESPONSE TO @SocratesTheGadfly I FORGOT TO OUT THEM ON ¬¬

[EmptyGazeofAffection]

tors and other biochemical interactions, which will effect economices of 1/3 of the world populous that rely upon fish and eocsystem services of ocean

[EmptyGazeofAffection]

play a role in effecting the worlds temperature if you look at said papers upon paelothermometry. Just to get my point across again yes milancovich variations predict glactions/intergalctions however variations in GHGs are a factor as well as previous mentioned influences in altering the climate. Seen as a secondary problem as mentioned below CO2 may implicate CO3 buffering and increase H+ within surface waters, lacking CO3 will impliment calcifying organisms as well as interfere with a-b regula

[EmptyGazeofAffection]

will cost the world 20% GDP, if climate chnage is mitigated it will cost the world GDP 1 - 4%. Enough talk of humanity its kinda pointless... But raised CO2 will impact life and incraese insolation you cannot deny that, well you actually have... your commenting on a video about how increased CO2 is effecting biological processes of mairne organisms whilst refering to the malancovich variations which makes no sense. However yeah milanchovich variations do coincide with glacaitions but GHGs also

[EmptyGazeofAffection]

i've already stated how CO2 behaviours during glaciations and interglacial cycles, also i have voiced that milancovich variations are able to predict to some extent when such events will occur, yet you still miss the point that it should take thousands of years to have a level of pCO2 that we ascertain today, if you read the stern review such an incraese in temperature and secondary effects of GHGs provide little time for antrhopogenic and ecological adaptation to climate perturbation that

[EmptyGazeofAffection]

effects on clio pyramidata (orr, et al. 2005) DMS producing coccolithophores such as emiliania huxleyi (Riebessell, et al. 2000) decreasing shell density with increasing pCO2 (Moy et al. 2009). I dont know how the ballast effect would influence such events of calcification

Sorry for spamming i hope that clears up basic carbonate chemistry which is poorly explained, communicated, badly referenced and slightly pretentious

But key point Milankovitch variations will influence the Earths climate

[SocratesTheGadfly]

did you know that the ocean contains more carbon dioxide than all of the industrial activies that have occured since 1650? YES, by a factor of 10 times more carbon dioxide resides in the bottom of the ocean in the form of carbolic acid and it has been absorbed NATURALLY by the climate and weather system of the earth. "anthropomorphic global warming" is a LIE, the SUN is the driving force of the earth's weather and climate and NOTHING that man does can affect the SUN

[EmptyGazeofAffection]

@SocratesTheGadfly milankovitch variations play a key role in the Earths climate however this video is focusing more upon the ecological impacts of raised CO2 and how dissolved carbonate which buffers the oceans to keep a constant pH ~8.1+/-0.2 will be affected... Ocean acidification is a secondary concern associated with climate change as cooined by Doney, et al (2009) 'the Other CO2 Problem'.

[EmptyGazeofAffection]

@SocratesTheGadfly I do not dispute that carbon dixiode is absorbed into the ocean via the atmoispheric-surface ocean interface a fundemental compoenent for gas exchange between the coumpounds and trae gases however 2Gt of Carbon per year is absorbed into the ocean and has absorbed 118±19 Petagrams since 1800 (Royal Society. 2005; Sabine, et al. 2004) a level that has not been seen for over 20,000 years (IPCC. 2001). Also pre-industrial CO2 level was 270ppm and is know at 390ppm

[EmptyGazeofAffection]

@SocratesTheGadfly this will alter the calcite and aragonite (CaCO3 and MgCO3) saturation states reducing Calcite levels to a state of understaturation, this is occcurs by an INCREASE in CO2 as stated in the video. CO3 is an ocean buffer to control pH, ocean pH as stated is ~8.1 as the oceans are well mixed its constant in most oceans possibly.... however as more CO2 and other GHGs from ANTRHOPOGENIC not anthropomorphic (wtf) industry will enter the surface oceans

[EmptyGazeofAffection]

@SocratesTheGadfly dissovling CO2 forming H2CO3 (CARBONIC ACID not carbolic acid as carbolic acid has a different structure to carbonic acid... carbolic acid (phenol group, organic aromatic, C6H5OH) and carbonic acid (inorganic, H2CO3). H2CO3 is a weak acid CO3 in oceans will resopond by dissociating hydrogen ion increasing the acidity of the water, from HCO3 another H ion is dissociated forming CO3 again to retain the neatural ocean equilibrium.... This has caused a decraese pH 0.2

[SocratesTheGadfly]

@EmptyGazeofAffection thank you for the chemistry lesson since I am a Geologist and an Engineer. However, the FACT remains that the oceans have absorbed billions or trillions of tons of carbon dioxide since the oceans started to form billions of years ago and contain more carbon dioxide that man has EVER released throughout the history of the industrial revolution by at least a factor of 10. "anthropomorphic global warming" is a LIE and a HOAX and is just a giant money grab through a scam

[EmptyGazeofAffection]

@SocratesTheGadfly If you give me a reference for your vague figures i will believe, however i have given you a wide range of acedmeic material... also if you dont reference your work its not fact its your opinion...

[SocratesTheGadfly]

@EmptyGazeofAffection Geologically there is a cycle of global cooling in which glaciers advance every 10 - 12 thousand years and it coincides with the precision of the Earth around the Sun. Geologically there is another cooling cycle resulting in a glacial advance every 100-120 thousand years related to Solar weather changes. Furthermore, the Sun Spot activity that cycles every 11 years is a more valid comparison to "global warming/cooling". "anthropomorphic global warming is a HOAX".

[SocratesTheGadfly]

@EmptyGazeofAffection Geologically the Earth experiences a global cooling even every 100-120 thousand years that is related to the natural Solar fluctuation and results in a glacial advance. Geologically the Earth experiences glaciation periods every 10-12 thousand years that is related to the precision of the Earth around the Sun. Sun spot cycles every 11 years result in natural global cooling and natural global warming events. This is a natural cycle and NOTHING mankind does can stop it

[EmptyGazeofAffection]

@SocratesTheGadfly You managed to explain the milankovich variations... good work, however do you have any references or evidence of what you are saying still? Well as this has become so tangible to how mairne CO3 buffering is affected and declines due to exponetnial growth in CO2 which logicallly is determential to calcifying organisms i'll try and use geochemistry to try and focus upon defending how ecosystems and oceans will be affected

[EmptyGazeofAffection]

@SocratesTheGadfly You also havent replied about the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum. Emiliani (1955) first use MIS cyles numebring interglaciations of the past as dd and glacial cycles as even and showed how foraminifera shells reflected past glacial and interglacial stages from shells due to temperature differences, However it is not solely down to solar irradiance, tthatplays an integeral role however GHGs also have a role in climate change.

[EmptyGazeofAffection]

@SocratesTheGadfly Broeker 1986 examined glacial interglacial difference in Delta18O in forminifera and only found that glacial-interglacial SST chnage only few degrees codler than today with a smaller temperature change for surface waters than for deep waters. petit et al. 1999 however found during glacations CO2 is low, yet Indermuhle et al. 1999 noted nautral vairations in CO2 attribute to warming of oceans and reduced biomass of land. Reynaud, et al. 1993 gives evidence

[EmptyGazeofAffection]

@SocratesTheGadfly for the dramatic increase in CO2 which is almost exponential adnd usually GHGs are greatest during deglaciation thus coincide with warming not during the middle of an interglacial cycle....

[EmptyGazeofAffection]

@SocratesTheGadfly before glaciation occurs there is always a high CO2 conc. upto 270ppmv during the interglacial.... then during the glacial cycle CO2 rapidly declines. Yet CO2 conc. today is at 390ppmv (2010)

[SocratesTheGadfly]

@EmptyGazeofAffection since you are obviously an academic, maybe you should check out the following link and explain to all

[listen2meokidoki]

@EmptyGazeofAffection What we do know is that Coal & Oil are deposits of carbon & hydro-carbons. Burning it, and all those wonderful compounds is burning carbon that was once sequestered, WITHOUT the OXYGEN. Sequestering CO2 robs Oxygen from the atmosphere. I need assurance Oxygen is somehow replenished. Or are we breathing inside a very large, but not infinite, brown paper bag? Or should we simply ask CO2 deniers to go set fire to ALL the coal seams & oil wells because nothing will happen.

[EmptyGazeofAffection]

@SocratesTheGadfly So increasing CO2 decreases pH/CO3 If you look at the pCO2 records and ocean pH against time yes it has been constant with little variability for 4,000 yrs however shifts have occured within the Global carbon system. increased pH has occured very recently also the surface ocean is increasing in CO2 sequestation, the deep ocean due to its low advection, perturabtions and mixing it holds a cretaer source of Carbon which is sequested and forms sedimentary rocks over time

[EmptyGazeofAffection]

@SocratesTheGadfly deeper waters are older and so have higher CO2 anyway with lower pH and CO3 also this difference is found within NA and Pacific oceans. Read Feely, et al. 2004; Feely, et al 2008 and Orr, et al. 2005 they explain it well. Rost et al. 2008 observed when artificially altering pCO2 from 290 to 750 (predicted CO2 level 2100) pH declined, DIC would incraese, CO3 declined and CO2 increased,

Calcifying organisms need a substantial CO3 supply if not dissolution will occur (acidific)

[EmptyGazeofAffection]

@SocratesTheGadfly CO2 will also impact the climate as it can create a cooling effect and may alter the physio-chemical environment. as well as other GHGs. Global warming has occured in glacial and interglacial cyles (which moves into isotopic geochmical cyles) its jsut more exacerbated weith anthropogenic influences

[SocratesTheGadfly]

@EmptyGazeofAffection as a Geologist and an Engineer through all of my education and training the Earth's oceans have been absorbing carbon dioxide into the oceans for billions of years and contains trillions of tons of the chemical. there have been warmer periods in Earth's history as well as cooler periods in which Mankind was NOT around. the notion that Mankind can alter the weather and climate drastically is PURE ARROGANT HUBRIS. this is a natural cycle and caused by the SUN not man!

[EmptyGazeofAffection]

@SocratesTheGadfly I'm not denying what your saying yes the sun through the malonchovich variations alter the rate at which oceans absorb O2 and salts however as seen in geological records. well Acidification occurs exponentially thus will have a great impact... and if you look at CO2 records since burning fossil fuels tehre has been an exponential increase in atmospheric CO2 which should of taken thousands of years has occured recently.

[EmptyGazeofAffection]

@SocratesTheGadfly From a geochemical perspective Quaternary Climate change is roughly 80-100ppmv lower than natural interglacial values due to temperature, biological pump alterations and carbon sequestation. however Previously during glaciations locking of water in ice sheets would have made the sea 3% more saline which reduces CO2 soluability within water and slightly raise CO2 by 7ppmv.

[EmptyGazeofAffection]

@SocratesTheGadfly its not solely the sun at work its also down to ocean cooling, glaciail transfer f C to oceans, glacial marine export productivity, infleunces of coral reefs, reduced exchange in C resevoirs due to ice cover, startification and reduction in ventilation in deep oceans. Also Hays et al. 1976 found the Milankovitch theory does not correspond with evidence from ice core records

[EmptyGazeofAffection]

@SocratesTheGadfly Asa geologist you must be aware of the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal maximum? sudden climate change occrued 55x10*6 due to the breakdown of methane hydrates increasing surafce temperature and injecting the oceans with tonnes of CO2... CO2 was high at that time hwoever exacerbation due to volcanic activity causes warmer climate, O2 depletion and acidic waters. this was simialr ariund 120 and 183 million years ago

[EmptyGazeofAffection]

@SocratesTheGadfly this is relevant becuase as CO2 is at 390ppm an increase of 1/3 in 200yrs shows that the jurassic and Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum had simialr rates of CO2 which had devistaing effects on biodiveristy

[lltetrahedron]

LOL!  CO2 pollution, what a joke. Climate change, carbon credit, crap propaganda.

[opendoorworld]

... as i understand this... if the new findings related to "ocean acidification" are accurate... and acidification is increasing exponentially... then indeed by the end of this century we could loose vast amounts of phytoplankton... and about half of the oxygen that even republicans depend on...

[SusanCohnRockefeller]

Pteropods are key. Canaries in coal mine for ocean acidification

[TRUMPHENT]

Great video. Coral is the canary in the oceanic coal mine. More people need to become aware of this.

[sethephraim]

Great job....

[fragilesea]

educational... Great!