Neutrino

[distractionxx]

very interesting thanks

[johngolden1111]

siddis your a cheeky bastard

[dwmejia06]

How do they find such small things ?????

Please help me understand

[tiagandremo]

aparently if an atom was the size of the solar system a nutrino would be the size of a golf ball, how tiny are those fuckign things!!!??!!!!

[jose1992mireles]

i feel neutrinos go through my body and it feels great!!!

[jorgeoswaldojr]

@nsajja dude, did you know that the guy on your anecdote wasnt an Indian sage, but Diogenes of Sinope, a Greek-Turkish philosopher?

you can find references about it on Plutarch or Diogenes Laërtius

[Kurzula5150]

The one person who disliked this vid is not used to interacting and probably goes through life unnoticed and is in fact most likely unnoticeable.

[Siddis33]

A neutrino walked into a bar. The bartender said: Hey, we don't serve any neutrinos here!! the neutrino said: That's ok. I am just passing through.

[hgfjyrdetryu]

i have seen the videos for quarks, neutrinos, protons, neutrons, but they all have very similar words in them. can you make a video explaining the differences between them please? I still love your videos btw :)

[lukesav08]

Actually it's more like 175 billion pass through your fingernail every second

[luckyrockeragmyt]

so are neutrinos parts of fundamental particles? same for anti-neurinos?

[PianoPlayingMonkey]

@luckyrockeragmyt Yes. To our knowledge, they arn't made of anything smaller.

[mereagle]

The difference between a regular neutrino and an anti-neutrino would be the fact that the anti-neutrino is antimatter, not matter. The only known anti matter was created in a lab (excluding the anti matter at the big bang). For this reason we can infer that anti matter doesn't just float around in space; because if anti matter and matter collide, it will disintegrate.

[luckyrockeragmyt]

@mereagle Isn't space full of vacuum? So, theoretically, anti-matter should be able to exist in space. Nothing for it to annihilate there.

[ohiodrb]

Its odd how they have mass and perform orbit, but dont interact with what they pass through...also i believe that once a neutrino is set on a path..nothing can disrupt it. Interesting little buggers...if you know more, or any of this is misinformation, plz share your knowledge with me.

[AI2flesh]

boerring yeah i said boerring. when you know that answear you hate particle families cuz some have their heads up their as for too long.

[charlesh05]

so if i could change my body structure into neutrino , i could pass trough walls , awesome

[nsajja]

@charlesh05

True. That is how the spiritual Rishis, Sages, Yogis in India do. Walk through walls, pierce through matter. Travel with immense speed to reach anywhere with speed of light. Finally you got my point.

[FoSbaKiaS]

@nsajja do you mean they converted body mass in neutrino?

[nsajja]

@FoSbaKiaS

If i tell you the secret you will start flying. LOL. Once you shred materialism all things will happen. Try.

[nehorlavazapalka]

@nsajja lol

[luckyrockeragmyt]

@nsajja Dude, I'm Indian, and FYI, not a single yogi etc. has been proven to be able to do this crap. Its all bullshit. India is a lot different than you think. Its more like the US in most parts now.

[nsajja]

@luckyrockeragmyt True what you said Most parts of India is like US. But it is the most unfortunate thing. The glory of ancient India is Greater than this. Modern India is like a King. Ancient India is like a Sage. So who is great? The answer Sage. Alexander The Great conquered India he came accross a meditating Sage and asked him to pay respects i AM THE King. The Sage replied "You carcass get away from the path you are blocking my SUN GOD while i am meditating. Alexander oblized him why?

[nsajja]

@nsajja Alexander obliged him because he was the diciple of a Great Saint and philosopher. Now do not ask me who was the Guru of Alexander The Great. LOL. Is it Aristotle? Any way the fine distinction and subtle thing you should know is the Spiritual Science is greater knowledge. Regards. Narendra

[luckyrockeragmyt]

@nsajja Really, we were talking about powers. Paranormal powers. None of that exists! You can't "convert" yourself into a neutrino!

[selraith123]

@charlesh05 and travel close to the speed of light! :D

[MagnetThunder3528]

@charlesh05 plus you would near weightless and invisible. :D

[lnYourJeans]

@charlesh05 Yes you could pass through walls. But like it says, they only experience the Weak force, and you would more than likely disintegrate quite rapidly, be invisible, have no way of interacting with anything physical, be deaf, blind and mute, and your brain would not work. I prefer walls.

[matteoprez]

@charlesh05 Yes, but it would still be impossible for you to pass into Chuck Norris body.

[AI2flesh]

wonder if it really was marco polo that discovered the subject of trade of routes hehehehehe.

[tommy9882]

So where does it exist in?

Like quark is in neutron/proon ; photon is in space between electron and nucleus...etc

[sidewaysfcs0718]

it is created when a proton is turned into a neutron ....or when a neutron is turned into a proton ...

at the fundamental level a down quark is converted into an up quark and a massive W- boson is created ...it decays into an electron and a anti neutrino ...wich is pretty much the same as a neutrino.

[tommy9882]

ok thanks

[jtwestie]

@sidewaysfcs0718 I like it when you see people with knowledge posting, correct knowledge at that!

[ribbet66]

interesting.are you a scientist?

[b29349]

how is the theory created of the different types of quarks by smashing electrons and anti- electrons together? how do you know you have an electron and anti-electron in the first place? accurate bohr atom model? seems like a lot of guessing. what's the science behind the guessing?

[CassiopeiaMember]

The mass of an electron and anti-electron are known.

(0.511 MeV), which is different than other particles. Electrons are distinguished from anti-electrons by charge. (Negative for electron, positive for anti-electron). By examining the trajectory of a particle in a magnetic field, scientists can determine its mass by the radius of curvature. The charge of the particle is determined by which direction it accelerates (curves) in the magnetic field.

[b29349]

interesting. How is the line determined? made visible? other videos? guess at weight helium atom and then work down?

[CassiopeiaMember]

They used to use "cloud chambers" in which particles left visible tracks (google cloud chamber for pics).

Nowadays, they use more sophisticated instruments such as scintillators, time of flight detectors, etc.

[xXSabzzXx]

o.511 meV is the electrons energy at rest mass is what i heard

[sidewaysfcs0718]

mass is measured in meV ...

since mass and evergy are equivalent ....

[manusnadh]

really?

[xXSabzzXx]

mass is measured differently but can be converted into energy (i.e annihialation)

but for the electron 0.511 meV is its rest mass enery and its mass is 9.11 x10^-31.

to be honest im a bit confused myself lol.

[deoxy999]

@sidewaysfcs0718 No it is not. We measure mass in grams or smaller measurements like that.

[sidewaysfcs0718]

dude ....mass and energy are equivalent ...

if u measure a neutrino in grams its like 10*-30 grams ...

its much easier to say it has a few MeV or something like that ..mass is measured in energy units at theese scales ...

u can also use energy units to measure any mass u want ....cus mass and energy are equivalent.

[deoxy999]

No kidding. But we normally use grams. You can use MeV or eV.

[sidewaysfcs0718]

using grams to measure particle mass is like me using solar masses to measure you ...its easier to use a unit much closer to your scale ..

using grams to measure a particle is just a waste of time..

even the standard model chart lists all the elementary particle masses in eV, MeV and TeV

[deoxy999]

Oh, I didn't know.

[selraith123]

@sidewaysfcs0718 E=MC^2

[sidewaysfcs0718]

@selraith123

ur just posting that to sound smart or what?

if i just said u can measure mass in units of energy? isnt it obvious i know e=mc*2

[selraith123]

@sidewaysfcs0718 yeah i like being a jerk

[luckyrockeragmyt]

@CassiopeiaMember Why don't protons and electrons then annihilate each other if they are opposite charges? Basically, the condition for annihilation is that the particles should have an opposite charge, right?

[CassiopeiaMember]

@luckyrockeragmyt The condition for annihilation is not only that the particles have opposite charge, but must also have the same mass. The proton and electron do not have the same mass. The proton will, however, annihilate with an anti-proton, which does have the same mass but opposite charge.

[dehountinge]

math, there are calculations

[tuzmor]

I believe ghosts must be made up of neutrinos!  :))

[xXDominoXx]

what's the difference between a neutrino and an anti-neutrino?

[cassiopeiaproject]

A good question. The differences consist of lepton number and helicity -- both of which may not be good quantum numbers for the neutrino. So they might be identical, but we are not yet sure.

[xXDominoXx]

ah ok, thnx.

I'll be sure to research more into this, thank you for your videos, you are an excellent instructor. I've pretty much learned the basics from your tutorials :)

[b29349]

anti-neutrino has a lower nuclear charge. it has decayed slightly so it snaps back, vibrating less distance from the elctrical field on it's next trip to the magnetic field.

[xXDominoXx]

so are both neutrinos and anti-neutrinos effected by anything tangible to us? or are they untampered and we have no control over them?

[b29349]

You could say they effect everything. Magnetic fields and radiation fields. If we generate a field which we do we have an effect on them and them on us. It's gets very meta-physical ... thought wave frequencies, intensity. The universe it still expanding. They are so small no one seen or manipulated them in a controlled experiment.

[xXDominoXx]

ah ic

[PianoPlayingMonkey]

@xXDominoXx When a Particle is produced, an anti Particle is always created. For example. A Gamma Photon is capable of creating two electrons. One Negative electron and one Positive electron (Also named: Positron). So, for every particle that exists, and anti version of it does too. However, scientists are baffled by this as they arn't sure what actually happens too them. This idea is still being studied.

[xXDominoXx]

so do u think quarks might be made up of positrinos and negitrinos aswell?

ofcourse I just made this up, but it does sound like it would make sense.

[cassiopeiaproject]

Since quarks are "fundamental", they are not made up of anything smaller.

[hla27b]

This sounds quite unintuitive. Is it certain that an electron for example is indivisible?

[cassiopeiaproject]

There are NO certainties in science.

[fntime]

@cassiopeiaproject Is that because scientist are open minded?Or that scientist are effected by the zeitgeist?But then again, who are scientist?Are pyschologist or physcians scientists. Better question,why do scientist/people so attached to their own paradigms that they oppose what is new,and true. First thing anyone learning any of the scientific disciplines,should be forced to learn, humility. Many trust scientist,I don't! But theoretical physics seems to have many truth seekers.

[assassin12341]

@cassiopeiaproject that had to be the stupidest thing a scientist could ever say

[abhinayan27]

@cassiopeiaproject you are absolutely right.

this is precisely the reason why science is called "theory"..

[buzzin1975]

@cassiopeiaproject Then science is evidence-based religion ;-)

[SuperLLL]

@cassiopeiaproject

Didn't someone state that quarks are made up of superstrings?

[AlexbutIgobyGod]

@cassiopeiaproject Yes there are?

[T4l0nITA]

@cassiopeiaproject there are no certainties in quantum mechanics, modern science was born to give certainties

[fahrudingoz]

@hla27b the electron is not insiviable its just imposable to record it coz u need to lighten up smth to make it visable but when the photon falls down on electron it instantly moves coz it gets excited.. so its imposable to record it or wahtever

[selraith123]

@cassiopeiaproject well according to string theory they are made up of strings

[PianoPlayingMonkey]

@selraith123 String Theory hasn't been proven though. So it's safer to say they are fundamental.

[selraith123]

@PianoPlayingMonkey yea, it'd answer many questions if it did.

[selraith123]

@cassiopeiaproject they may be made up of super strings

[PianoPlayingMonkey]

@cassiopeiaproject String Theory may, one day, disprove that.

[gwendance]

@cassiopeiaproject Quarks are NOT fundamental as they are made up of preons.

[SpaceTime4D]

@gwendance Preons are only theoretical, and most signs point that quarks have no further composition. Preon theory, I believe, is abandoned for the most part.

[TheUltima0071]

@cassiopeiaproject string theory

[davidnoizgumberg]

@TheUltima0071 Everyone said relativity was a certainty. Nuff said.

[ANewNormalcy]

I've been unable, thus far, to wrap my head around neutrino oscillation. Any assistance?

[cassiopeiaproject]

The quantum states that represent the three flavors of neutrinos allow neutrinos to change flavor and back. So, for example, an electron neutrino can change into a tau neutrino and back again. In the equation, there is an (E2 - E1) factor, so if they have the same mass, this flavor changing would not happen.

[NickBlackDIN]

what do you mean by flavour? I keep thinking things like "salty/sweet" but I don't think that is what you meant...

[cassiopeiaproject]

When used in reference to fundamental particles, "flavor" refers to a quantum number possessed by the particle. There are six flavors of quarks, for example: up, down, charm, strange, top, and bottom. In Strong Force interactions, quark flavor is conserved. But in Weak Force interactions it is not, so a down quark can change into an up quark in a Weak interaction.

[NickBlackDIN]

ah! that makes ALOT more sense ^.^ thank you for clearing that up

[shakbhaji]

Maybe I'm misunderstanding, but is to correct to think of an electron as a neutrino with a negative electric charge, and in turn to think of a down quark as an electron with yet another layer of a color charge? In other words, is a down quark is a neutrino with 2 extra "layers," the electric charge layer, and the color charge layer? This sort of makes sense to me, but if this is true (probably not) why are electrons and quarks considered elementary particles if they have smaller constituents?

[cassiopeiaproject]

Electrons and neutrinos are entirely different particles with different properties. Their mass and charge are different for example. And quarks are separate as well with properties such as mass, charge, color charge, and baryon number being different.

[CrimeBeatsMusic]

Neutrons become a neutrino, an electron and a proton (i think dissolving is the word) same with protons but they create anti neutrinos, positrons (a positive electron), and an anti neutrino.

[cassiopeiaproject]

Correct, and the process you describe is called beta decay. But to preserve lepton number, when a neutron decays, the products are a proton, an electron, and an anti-neutrino. While a proton's decay products are a neutron, a positron and a neutrino. At the quark level beta(minus) decay happens when a down quark converts to an up quark and emits a Wminus boson. Then the boson decays into an electron and an anti-neutrino.

[nystagmus]

great clip, i love this.

[faerie130]

i really don't get this one video. But, i will eventually.