Embryonic Stem Cells From Skin: Making Old Cells Young

[vdardov]

great job explaining differentiation. very clear and easy to understand!

[forrestmunden]

Amazing! Great work and thanks for the detailed explanation!

[ThePolka]

Your right, last week, I saw that Dr. Ding of Wisconsin has used the molecule BIX-01294 on neural brain progenitor cells to create pluripotent stem cells.

He used molecules to avoid retroviruses and progenitor cells to shorten the 4 steps from differntiated cells to 2 steps.

Once again, thank you for your veidos Tomas.

[cellmedicine]

No, I thank you !! I had no idea that Dr. Ding was doing this work..i remember him from Scripps (in my backyard) he had some molecule that was inducing stem cell self renewal...I looked up BIX-01294 and it seems he just published the work in

Cell Stem Cell, Vol 2, 525-528, 05 June 2008

besides making stem cells out of old tissue, the other big thing, and we at medistem have played with it a bit, is to try to "rejuvenate" T suppressor cells for autoimmunity Thanks for your input !!

[ThePolka]

Do I have it right: Techs extract leucocytes/ chemokines capable of chemotaxis from bone marrow, etc. These cells have surface markers: CD13, CD34, CD44, CD45, CD90, CD105, CD166. (Are there any others surface markers?) These cells home in on SDF1 and engineer our bodies resources to regenerate damaged tissue. Techs also extract G-CSF from blood serum to make bone marrow produce more stem cells. Recently, they discovered miRNA that homes directly to specific tissue. miR133, is heart tissue.

[cellmedicine]

I didnt know about miR133, this is very interestin !!

[Laikalex]

Can someone help me answer a question: True or false: iPS cells = ES cells? I suspect the answer is still an emphatic "no". So why all the hype based on inserting 4-6 genes, creating teratomas, etc...? have we taken the first step towards pluripotency or are we still learning to crawl?

[dmequestrian27]

the most conservative of people make their judgements by how things LOOK. an iPS cell and an hESC look the same, they may come from different sources and have somewhat different capabilities, however they do not look very different and therefore judged on equal ground by some people

[floricabatu]

you mean amniotic membrane from the umbilical cord. They DO NOT use fibroblasts from circumcisions for burn wounds you ideiot

[lighthouseshines]

my comment is

why not use fibroblasts from CIRCUMSISIONS? these can multiple so much that one sample from one baby can make enough cells

to cover

a football field

[lighthouseshines]

i thought i pub this comment already but its not up so here it is again

[crazedromanian]

say what? c-myc is not found on cells that are normal. read your biology. thats why its called an "oncogene"

[angelafreedman21]

you know many peopel complain that this paper used c-myc, which can function as an oncogene. What people forget is that c-myc is also found in normal stem cells.

[taniawatts]

no one is talking about killing anything you moron idiot. watch the video and then you will see that ehy are talking about cells from the skin that RESEMBLE cells from dead babies but not really dead babies

[stemcellscientist]

I would rather kill embryos than let adults die.

[wsciro]

Do these embryonic Stem cells come from a dismembered embryo through the abortion process? And if they do these embryonic stem cells are derived unethically at the expense of human life.

[emirapper]

skin stme cells come from skin but have the potential to be embryos...human embryois...so is that killing???????????????

[wsciro]

Thankyou for your kind comments. I am just presenting a concern that many in the viewing audience have especially those from church communities around the world. I sat to listen and watch the entire video and it all sounds hopeful to me as my 16 old autistic son would be in need of such a miracle. Maybe the scientist in the video should begin the video with a clearer explanation.

[emirapper]

Stem cell therapy is the way of the future. but embryonic stem cells as well as the onese described here still cause TERATOMA = CANCER

This is wy i am for adult stem cells. PERIOD

[sylviasaint333]

I think that research into epigenetic reprogramming of cells is definately worth pursuing. No one talks about Collas's work anymore. He reprogrammed skin to express T cell components way before any of this stuff was known.

[ksrvsteleflex]

Florinstoiiaaa look at this one

Nature. 2005 Feb 17;433(7027):760-4. Links

Rejuvenation of aged progenitor cells by exposure to a young systemic environment.Conboy IM, Conboy MJ, Wagers AJ, Girma ER, Weissman IL, Rando TA.

Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA.

[ksrvsteleflex]

The decline of tissue regenerative potential is a hallmark of ageing and may be due to age-related changes in tissue-specific stem cells. A decline in skeletal muscle stem cell (satellite cell) activity due to a loss of Notch signalling results in impaired regeneration of aged muscle. The decline in hepatic progenitor cell proliferation owing to the formation of a complex involving cEBP-alpha and the chromatin remodelling factor brahma (Brm) inhibits the regenerative capacity of aged liver.

[ksrvsteleflex]

To examine the influence of systemic factors on aged progenitor cells from these tissues, we established parabiotic pairings (that is, a shared circulatory system) between young and old mice (heterochronic parabioses), exposing old mice to factors present in young serum. Notably, heterochronic parabiosis restored the activation of Notch signalling as well as the proliferation and regenerative capacity of aged satellite cells.

[ksrvsteleflex]

The exposure of satellite cells from old mice to young serum enhanced the expression of the Notch ligand (Delta), increased Notch activation, and enhanced proliferation in vitro. Furthermore, heterochronic parabiosis increased aged hepatocyte proliferation and restored the cEBP-alpha complex to levels seen in young animals. These results suggest that the age-related decline of progenitor cell activity can be modulated by systemic factors that change with age.

[irishguy20007]

I apologize for my stupid question.What I mean is will it possible to turn back skin cells not to the d differentiated beginning but maybe to say half way back to when the skin cell was 20 years old.

[florinstoiaaa]

well this has already been done in terms of the cells that line the blood vessels (endothelium), for skin to go back 20-50 years is definately feasible..see this paper from pubmed Edelberg et al. Young adult bone marrow-derived endothelial precursor cells restore aging-impaired cardiac angiogenic function.Circ Res. 2002 May 31;90(10):E89-93

[ksrvsteleflex]

dude there was a weird experiemnt with tied circulation between an old and young mouse and there was some dedifferentaition

do you know the experiment?

[florinstoiaaa]

Science. 2007 Aug 10;317(5839):807-10. Links

Increased Wnt signaling during aging alters muscle stem cell fate and increases fibrosis.Brack AS, Conboy MJ, Roy S, Lee M, Kuo CJ, Keller C, Rando TA.

Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.

[florinstoiaaa]

The regenerative potential of skeletal muscle declines with age, and this impairment is associated with an increase in tissue fibrosis.

[florinstoiaaa]

We show that muscle stem cells (satellite cells) from aged mice tend to convert from a myogenic to a fibrogenic lineage as they begin to proliferate and that this conversion is mediated by factors in the systemic environment of the old animals. We also show that this lineage conversion is associated with an activation of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway in aged myogenic progenitors and can be suppressed by Wnt inhibitors.

[florinstoiaaa]

Furthermore, components of serum from aged mice that bind to the Frizzled family of proteins, which are Wnt receptors, may account for the elevated Wnt signaling in aged cells. These results indicate that the Wnt signaling pathway may play a critical role in tissue-specific stem cell aging and an increase in tissue fibrosis with age.

[irishguy20007]

To be honest I can see the plastic surgeons in hollywood on welfare and unemployed really soon if skin cells can be rejuvenated.

[irishguy20007]

Can someone answer this question?? Does this breakthrough mean if I fuse a skin cell from myself when I was say 20 with a cell when I am 70 that the 70 year old cell will get reprogrammed to when it was twenty.This research clearly means that cells can be reversed.

[ksrvsteleflex]

no man...you dont need the cell from when you were 20, you can make your cell from when you were 70, go back to the age of when you were an embryo...that is how powerful the finding is. the only problem is that right now you may get cancer because of teh genes used

[florinstoiaaa]

4 factors: sox-2 and oct 3/4 for pluripotency, klf4, and cmyc for opening up the dna. one day we will put this stuff in the face cream.

[roevswade]

great video

[agtrojan]

Thomas is a sciencticic warrior. Go where ever your heart from God leads you Tom! You have found something very important to curing many diseases! Stem cell research is the future!

[drdavidrothstein]

Great job Cellmedicine.

[stemcellscientist]

Adult stem cell therapy is a clinical reality. I am talking about liver failure, multiple sclerosis, heart failure and type II diabetes have all responded to adult stem cell therapy. What is discussed on the video is something for the future.

[florinstoiaaa]

It is very interesting that a stem cell clinic that treats people with stem cells is actually sponsoring this educational video

Have a look at the website promoted by the video. Cellmedicine actually injects stem cells into people

[crazylips420]

Tom I was here and listened to all of your videos ..You havent changed a bit since highschool.. and before.

[emirapper]

Tom is definately a great guy !! Honor to know someone actually making a difference.

[crazedromanian]

ahhh the foundain of youth let me drink the klf4 and c-myc to open my histones and the Oct3/4 and sox to give me pluripotency

[sylviasaint333]

The accent makes him worthy of respect. Who is he? I went to Cellmedicine but it doesnt have his picture there.

[cookesara]

Cant wait to see how histone deacetylase inhibitors will be used in this aspect.

[ameeek]

life feeds on life

[angelafreedman21]

Look you can cure leukemia if you make the ES cells from the skin into hematopoieitc stem cells. This way hyou have healthy autologous cells.

do not think about ethics..thats for peopel who dont know science

[floricabatu]

Look life begins at conception. Conception is the activation of the "desilenced", most primitive, toti-potent, DNA. Period.

If this DNA comes from natural fertilization, from cloning, or from this new method.. IT IS STILL LIFE and THIS IS STILL MURDER.

The religious right is making a grave mistake for not opening their eyes to this !!!

[skatergirl333]

The retrodifferentiation of skin cells into embryonic stem cells is a great finding. But the religious people should still be FURIOUS since this still violates human sanctity