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  • It has a the same effect with coper pipe when you drop a rare earth magnet down into the coper pipe it is what is called, (eddy currents or flux ), that slow it's decent throe the pipe.

  • how big were those 52's? eddy current

  • The magnet is inducing an electric current in the aluminum , similar to a generator or alternator. Whenever there is an electrical current through a wire(or big ass piece of aluminum), a magnetic field surrounds the wire. This is causing it to move.

  • so magnets for the most part will affect any metal? when I mean that im saying, you introduce any metal with iron in it and it atttracts, you intro aluminum and the eddy currents created by changing magnetic fields, so is there any strong material that magnets have no affect on?

  • Dan is the Son of Luke Skywalker and is using the force to fool us all.

  • I thought the alumnium had some impurities lol.

  • Dan is 1 of the very few that would have a AL round bar stock laying around in his home shop. The top vote winner should have stop typing when they where ahead, because they included statements where unrelated, inaccurate, irrelevant. Simply stating Lenz's law was sufficient.

  • because it is pure aluminum must have a percentage of iron

  • This is not hard to figure out, infact the answer is obvious. Its just pure magic and witchcraft. And you should be burned at the stake for it!!!

  • @JemarqueMarquis Fuck you if all of this is witchcraft and magic why are you on a computer?

  • @ryanhocstetler ever hear of sarcasm? Try to depict and decern it in peoples text.

  • @JemarqueMarquis sarcasm will not get anybody anywhere, especially when people are trying to learn. grow up.

    people are hostile towards your comment because they despise willful ignorance, sincere or not; just like i do.

  • Dan, drop those magnets down a tube (Or shoot them with your solar cannon). Lenz's law works there also and creates an opposing magnetic field.

  • Paramagnetism

  • @kal186282 Sarcasm, that comedy science best suited for the stage..... I get it now, apology for getting too rough.

    I like the YES MEN style of sarcasm.

  • There is a train super rail there is an Aluminum block inbetween every maget to amplify electro magnetism. CRSTALS also have a amplifying and cleaning. effect.

    Nitai Gaura

  • @kal186282 Lord Krsna and Christ are very real. Magnets are not eternal, they behave very well. Magnets are in the Holy Bible written as lodestone. The joke is your pisspoorattitude tryingto dis on God then self proclaiming yourself to be a prophet and saying from the devil!!! WRONG on you, God created everything, man manipulates to Gods desire, his desire, or devil...... but even the devil has to get permission to torture Jobe. If devil had killed Jobe without Gods consent !!LOOKOUT

  • @kal1862... I don't understand

  • because there is some magnetic work in soil(ground), i guess

  • Faraday's Law states:

    Any change in the magnetic environment of an electrical conductor will cause a voltage (emf) to be induced in the conductor.

    Lenz's Law states:

    When an emf (electromotive force) is generated by a change in magnetic flux according to Faraday's Law, the polarity of the induced emf is such that it produces a current whose magnetic field opposes the change which produces it.

    In Conclusion:

    Magnet+Aluminum=Honey

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  • dlatego tak sie dzieje ponieważ to nie jest czysty stop aluminium tylko to jest stop aluminium z jakimś dodatkiem stali:)

  • dlatego tak sie dzieje ponieważ to nie jest czysty stop aluminium tylko to jest stop aluminium z jakimś dodatkiem stali:)

  • This can also be done with copper as it is Diamagnetic (Al is Paramagnetic) and sets up a magnetic field at 90* to the magnets field when passed over it's surface thus causing resistance in conjunction with the eddy currents. As some others have mentioned the magnet down the Al pipe trick is a great demonstration of this principle and it goes really slow in Cu tubing.

  • The spirit of the aluminum is angry with the spirit of the neodymium and so they wage war throughout the galaxy and across the millenia - always in repulsion to each other for ever and ever.

  • @AdeptAlbatross lol, this guys wins, Eddie Currents... maybe a good runner up!

  • i reckon its eddy currents!

  • "Feels like you're draggin it through honey" lmao that's what I was thinking it looked like

  • it's magic. trollface.png

  • Another cool one is to drop the magnets into an aluminum tube and watch how slow they fall!! Sliding them down a thick plate is cool too!!

  • 1) Aluminum is NOT magnetic but IS a good conductor.

    2) When a changing magnetic field is applied to a conductor it produces a current (moving electrons). In this case moving in a circular motion (eddy) along the top of the aluminum ingot.

    3) A moving charged particle (electron) generates a magnetic field.

    4) The magnetic field produced by the eddy current produces a force opposite to the motion of the permanent magnet.

    This effect is used in triple-beam balance scales to steady the needle.

  • the magnetic lines of flux are creating an electrical current in the aluminum. the current induced in the aluminum is causing it's own magnetic field which interacts with the waving magnets. it is the same thing as an armature in an electric motor having a magnetic field induced by the field windings.

  • Yes, this same phenomenon is the cause for inefficiencies in standard electric motors. Electrically conductive, non-ferrous metals all have an inherent resistance to magnetic flux. Meaning that they resist a changing magnetic field. Standard wound coils in electric motors must overcome this resistance. The currents induced in these electrically conductive, non-ferrous metals, which resist magnetic flux are called "Eddy currents" or "Foucault currents".

  • @iiiiice

    'Yes, this same phenomenon is the cause for inefficiencies in standard electric motors ... The currents induced in these electrically conductive, non-ferrous metals, which resist magnetic flux are called "Eddy currents" or "Foucault currents".'

    Nope, eddy currents refer to circular currents (usually in a sheet of metal). Wires windings in motors are to thin to produce eddy currents. What you are referring to is "Back EMF". Which has a very similar explanation with eddy currents.

  • mispelled by the english since who knows when.

  • Aluminium - pronounced incorrectly by Americans and Canadians since 1812.

  • @steaknkibble nope i pronouce everything like this correctly and people give me funny looks

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  • Respond to this video... It was named Aluminum by it's discoverer, apparently that wasn't complicated enough for the brits.

  • This is coused by the so called "eddy currents" MIIDupre Holland

  • your getting sloppy with your edits. plz try a little harder (all due respect) you have great information! you have the capabilities (proven time and time again) to make a fantastic show! dont cut it short with a crap edit.

  • Very interesting. You always do cool stuff. I wish I had all the "toys" you get to play with. Thanks for the great informative videos.

  • It some kind of Aluminum Alloy that contains a Farris metel.

  • There sure is a lot of potential applications for this force... (i am preety shure that it was applied  somewhere..)

  • You can see the same thing when you drop that magnet in an aluminum pipe.

    Definitely, you can't use aluminum for the block since it will become magnetized specially with the continuous back and forth movement of the magnetic piston.

  • @ehnriko The Al will not be magnetized. This demo shows that in the proposed engine, both the PM piston, and the electromagnet will create magnetic fields in the propose AL block that will resist the movement of the piston Sounds like fun novelty, but non conductive block will have to be used

  • Eddy currents are created in the aluminum that oppose any CHANGE in magnetic field. When the magnets are not moving, there is no change in the magnetic field and the aluminum does nothing. as you drag the magnets across the top or drop them, the magnetic field is changing. This is an effect of lenz's law, but the most thumbs up comment (right now) is not accurate! You could have made this video using any CONDUCTOR, so plastic or another insulator would not work. insulator engine block

  • @mynameismunka2

    Well, any conductor which is not magnetic. Also, any insulator when given a voltage higher then it's breakdown point becomes conductive. So, if a magnetic field was strong enough to overcome the breakdown voltage in would produces eddies and hence work. Although for most plastics this would be unimaginable and unrealistically large.

    Furthermore, this effect is related to lenz's law, but that is only half the story. As, lenz's law deals with the direction of the current flow.

  • its not 100% pure aluminum and therefore retains other minerals i.e iron which are magnetic but the particals are so few that the attraction is weak, present, but very weak. thus allowing the inget to move when magnet is passed over. yet not enough to be able to allow the magnet to stick.

  • The magnet causes electrons to flow in copper as well. This is how our permenant magnet alternators work. The electrons alternate back in forth which is ac current. The reason for the 3 phase is for a smooth running generator. Any less would cause a wobble and vibration. It would be like trying to sit on a two legged chair.

    Did you know that rollercoasters use very strong magnets that ride over an aluminum section of track? This acts as its brake. Dan are you going into the foil business?

  • this fenomenon is ewen more spectacular with a copper ingot! or silver or platinum, but that would be to expensive to just play around whit! :P

  • Magnetic induction from the magnets, causes an electric field in the aluminum ingot witch in reverse causes a magnetic field arround the aluminum witch repelles the magnets. Because the aluminum's electro magnetic fields strenght is directly proportional with the speed of the magnets droping or moving around it, the the stronger the repelling reaction is, and so the magnets are slowed down, untill they come to a stop and there is no mor magnetic inductione.

  • everything has a magnetic force or is affected by magnetic force. even your body. some things attract natural magnets more intensely then others.

  • If I remember it is called flux. You could have made your point much better by dropping a nail though an aluminum pipe, and then dropping the magnet down the pipe. The nail would have gone right through, but the magnet would have taken several seconds, because the magnetic flux is opposite direction of the motion of the magnet.

  • The magnet doesn't like the Aluminium and tries to hover over it or could be its possessed by a demon or Dan is the Devil ,pick one!

  • Must be kryptonite!  :-)

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  • Fucking magnets, how do they work.

  • The magnetic field is distorted when it is forced non-ferous metals -- as this distortion does not happen easily the magnets pancake the magnetic fields underneath them causing the magnets to drop slowly... This works really well with a big 3 inch diameter / 1 inch thick Neo magnet I have...

  • According to lenz's law, it induces a current in the metal that has a magnetic field that is perpendicular to the magnetic field of the magnet this repelling it. When the magnet is stationary, no current is induced in the aluminum block thus no repulsion, but when you move it , a current is generated. Lenz's law is best demonstrated by dropping a magnet through a hollow conductive pipe such as copper which is quite spectacular to watch.

  • aulumam is diomagnetic to a moving magnetic field 

  • it works on the carrot and stick principle ......you offer to wack the block with a stick ...it gets anxious ...and then you introduce the carrot ....not in an offensive manner but much more like the homer simpson style of a carrot dangled from the threatening stick with just the right amount of string to induce a constant movement of the donkey ....capice?

  • Aluminum is a reflector, while steel is a absorber of magnetic fields ~ gold/copper conductor

  • Eddy currents are setup in the aluminum as it does in copper. Works just like a magnetic brake on a roller coaster

  • Trust me Dan we all been know this by now. Lorenz force.

  • The magnets induce a current FLOW inside the aluminum, and in it's turn the current flow inside the aluminum creates a magnetic field opposed to the magnetic field from the magnet. So if the magnet that induces the current flow is north then the aluminum will be south, both sides attract each other.

    Not my claims, but here are two related videos!!

    Working Magnetic Overunity Device, Magnetic Neutralization - watch?v=tM_HRwqKzFk

    4 cylinder electro magnetic motor - watch?v=dldDxjTetAw

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  • yep....paranormal activity.

  • A simaler techniligy already exists in some high end german cars for the valve train. no camshafts just solenoids to actuate valve timing lift and duration.

  • does it do it with a block magnet?

    is there a diffrence bettween ring magnet and block magnet?

    thanks

    sam

  • aluminum does carry a tad bit a current. perhaps does a loop and repels

  • Not pure aluminum!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

  • For God sakes, look up Lenz's Law and quit grasping at straws.

  • For a few trick, find a piece of copper or aluminum tubing that the magnets just fit in to and watch what happens when you allow them to slide down the inside of the tube (held vertically).

  • @rustyknightjustme Yeah that's a cool thing to do and watch :-)

  • Obviously the 2nd highest thumbs up is the correct answer. The first is invariably the most entertaining

  • It must be duraluminum or a similar alloy

  • how about stainless steel???? does it do the same thing????

  • This happens because the motion of the magnet over the aluminum induces a current flow in the alluminum. This current flow in turn creates its own magnetic field which opposes the original field which created the current. These two field's opposing each other is what causes the resistance to relative motion between the magnet and ingot.

  • it is all about conductivity the more conductive the material the more you will see this effect with non-ferrous metals, copper will create more resistance and silver will create the most.

  • That's the craziest thing ever, Dan! When I passed my neo magnets over a 50 lb block of aluminum the other day, I thought to myself...hmmm. This feels just like I'm dragging my magnets through honey! Great minds! :D

  • It's because it's not 100 % pure... I guess.. :]

  • Probably because it is not pure aluminum. It probably has small traces of iron in it.

  • what would be the purpose of an engine that uses an AC electromagnet to spin a drive shaft, wouldn't an electric motor be more efficient

  • @bccooleycompany Yes, this would be less efficient than a straight electric motor (before you even consider this paramagnetic effect), but I guess the proposed idea is for retrofitting an existing internal combustion engine. The idea is to use magnetic pistons & coils to repel/attract them instead of combustion cylinders with spark plugs.

  • A moving magnet field creates an electrical charge in any conductive material. Better the conductivity in the material, the more it absorbs magnetic field changes. This is the basic idea all generators are based on. Here the electrical charge is converted to heat because - well because a solid block of aluminum is short circuited with itself. (Not a coil with two ends, duh.) The same phenomenon is stronger with copper because copper is more conductive than aluminum.

  • @PenZon I Agree. Thats a better way to put than i would. This will happen with any conductor. Put a multimeter on each end and see how many amps you get :D

  • obviously there's some iron

  • Would'nt hard plastick be a better material for a solinoid engine block?

  • This is an example of Lenz's law i believe

    The magnets are so strong Induce a current in the aluminum which is repelled by the magnets.

    In reality almost everything is effected by a magnetic field because almost everything contains electrons, Aluminum, plastics, glass are all affected by magnetic fields but by a negligible amount, it would take a MASSIVE magnetic field to affect plastic, but a smaller one to affect aluminum

    Even water is affected by magnets, it is a diamagnetic material

  • @Bluetorchproductions

    for further reading

    en(dot)wikipedia(dot)org/wiki/­Lenz_law

    (ran out of characters)

  • @Bluetorchproductions .....whos this guy len ?

  • @Bluetorchproductions No i dont think thats it

  • @aceholeas how so?

  • I know that some car alternators are wound with aluminum wire so it must have something to do with induction or ???? Just guessing Thanks for sharing. Tec

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  • it happens cuz the magnetic field since its practically vertical, coming out of or going into the pole of the magnet, when it comes really close to a bad conductor, the em-force actually pushes the non conductor away since it cant flow through it, it has to go around it.

  • It's the Thick Air that the magnet makes when it gets close to non ferrous metals.

    :o)

  • Induced electric current into non ferrous materials results in an induced magnetic field repelling the force that created it.

  • Lenz's law

  • a) Many metals are NOT either magnetic, paramagnetic etc (I am tired)... or not magnetic or paramagnetic - they ARE all influenced to one degree or another by magnetic fields. (so are gases, electrons, light etc).

    b) The extruded bar you have IS a composition of metals - including silicon, magnesium, copper and other metals - some of these are magnetic or paramagnetic.

    c) And as satan said, I have had "pure" copper bar softly stick to magnet - "allowable" iron contamination of metal.

  • Also works dropping a magnet down a copper pipe. It's curious, how the magnetic force interacts with iron, copper and aluminum, but are there any other elements?

  • also poor grade aluminum can have iron contaminants in it as well as the rebar in the cement floor can cause an issue. but lenz law seems most plausable. as for a strong engine block alternitave... ceramic is great. awsome vid

  • What sort of sorcery is this?

  • Build everything except magnet (the obvious etc..) in carbon fibre...

  • Place a coin it your palm and move a strong magnet rapidly over it you will see the same effect. Another way to demonstrate the diamagnetic effect is to drop a neo-magnet through a copper or aluminum tube. The falling magnet will decellerate well below the expected 32ft per second squared that gravity provides. Yet another way to see this effect is to place an aluminum plate just off of vertical and drop a magnet down the slope. I really enjoy your vids keep up the good work.

  • lenz law and eddy current

    Same effect if you dropped the magnets down a copper tube it would'nt actually fall but it would almost float down the tube. In turn turning that (falling) energy into electricity.

  • eddy current!!!

  • try it on a copper tube... let it fall inside of it and look what will happens~

  • Lenz's law? ROFL It's Magic, that is what is causing it. MAGIC.

  • Witch!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

  • good idea for making some sort of magnet brakes !

  • its an electro magnetic current. when you pass two types of metal past each other it doesn't even need to be a magnet. you produce a small electrical field. which in turn creates magnetism. that is what is happening here. the magnet moving across the surface of the aluminum is creating a small electrical current which is magnetizing the aluminum. if you did the same thing with a copper coil you could light up a light bulb. its basic electro magnetism in reverse.

  • AL....."AL Gore"....coincidence? I think not. It's obviosly global warming. Here, let me pull some stats from my *beep beep*.

  • earthquakes and after shocks made it rock

  • interesting!

  • This is why transformers and motor cores are made out of (insulated) laminated iron sheets instead of a block of solid iron. To reduce the eddy currents in the core.

  • Sliding those magnets down some aluminium extrusion looks cool.

  • I'll bet my life on the fact that this is the result of eddie currents. This also happen if you drop a magnet through a copper pipe. The magnet slows way down as eddie currents act on the mangnet.

  • Paramagnetism of aluminum. Nuff said.

  • a nice demo - explanation (imho) is this : youtube.com/watch?v=kU6NSh7hr7­Q

  • @mamoynas ... A less obvious explanation that i will share with you all is that all of us viewers with our psychic abilities tapped into the zero point energy pool of the parralel universe (that Rojas live in) causing alteration of the Aether arround the timespace continuum thus disturbing gravitanional fields and slowing the light speed as it travelled from object to the camera making all see that the object was slowing down when in fact it was the light that went faster... cheers!

  • Its simple, Anything conductive will slow down a magnet if it is moving fast enough to make an electron flow.

    Larry

  • The piston in a Neodymium engine does not need to be air tight , right ? so the magnetic friction shown here is still far less than the friction in a standard combustion engine. although i have no idea how you'd make a Neodymium make a stoke ? by rotating the magnets at the top of the cylinder? it is just so fascinating, I hope someone has a go.

  • @rainbowsalads Yes, but you'd drastically kill the efficiency in the process. You'd get more work done having the elec. source used to power the elec. magnets by just using it to power a basic motor instead. Cooling it would only increase the conductivity of the material making it worse. Heating it would lower the conductivity but now you need a powerful yet controlled heat source as well, without melting the material. Things like that prevent free energy.

  • it has to do with the induced magnetic field in the block of Al, same principle as why a turn magnet in a coil of wire creates electrical potential and current, in this case the potential and current is a dead short therey resisting the magnetic field change at maxiumum.

  • Impurities in the aluminium that goes back to the processing stage?

  • Does this happen with aluminium when it is in liquid state?

  • @TheCombineify Yes it would. Liquid aluminium is still conductive.

  • Any metal that is not ferromagnetic is diamagnetic due to Lenz's law. It's already explained thoroughly on here, so I shall not waste words. I suggest to try it with bismuth: this metal is so diamagnetic that I was able to put 10 g of it on a small raft and make the raft move with just one neodymium magnet.

  • @nickcorn93 If you are going to correct others, then get it right. Lenz law and diamagnetism is different things. Aluminium is not diamagnetic, it is paramagnetic. (Well everything is diamagnetic, but paramagnetism trumps it.) Neither of these gives a drag like you see. Eddy currents does.

    Sure you can interpret diamagnetism as a result of weak eddycurrents that are permanent due to quantum mechanical reasons, but their effects are quite different because of their permanence (no drag).

  • something with atoms

  • I have thought of the idea, putting neodymium magnets instead of pistons.

  • It is a combination of Faraday's law : a varying magnetic field induces and electric field ( this is why generators work ) and Ampère's law: magnetic fields can be generated by electrical current and/or by changing electric fields.

    The swinging magnet induces an electric field ( Faraday Law) that is changing ( Ampère's Law) and that is why it works.

  • I love your videos so much always interesting!

  • It is a combination of Faraday's law : a varying magnetic field induces and electric field ( this is why generators work ) and Ampère's law: magnetic fields can be generated by electrical current and/or by changing electric fields.

    The swinging magnet induces an electric field ( Faraday Law) that is changing ( Ampère's Law) .

  • ohh darn whats it called! i know this effect i just cant remember the name of it! >:C

    oh, and you should try to slide a magnet down the side of the aluminum, it looks really nice when you see the magnet slowly slide down the aluminium like its covered in honey :D oh and another thing, it also works on copper.

  • Dan when I was a kid I saw some traveling showmen that went around to the schools and negotiated a deal to put on their show for the school they were more musically inclined than you but there was another group that taught about electricity etc and you could have some fun and make some traveling money should you decide to take a few items on the road and make a show. I am sure you are doing fine but it is an angle you may have not looked into.

  • Dan is Merlin the magician reincarnated and he has power over the bikini claded woman and the laws of magnitizm. And from where I am sitting he is a very happy magician.

  • YOU ARE ALL WRONG!!! IT MOVED DUE TO DAN'S AWESOMENESS!! THE METAL INGOT JUST COULDN'T TAKE THE AWESOME POLARITY DAN PUTS OFF NATURALLY AND WAS DOING ALL IT COULD TO FOLLOW HIS COOLNESS!!!!

  • Looks like ceramic is the way to go.

  • I forget what this was but I learned it in machining class.

  • lenz's law the aluminum ions are moved in and out of the alluminum which can repel the magnet 10th grade chem.

  • lenz law

  • It's magic.

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  • LENZ LAW! WHEN THE MAGNET MOVES TOWARD THE SURFACE, ELECTRICITY IS PRODUCED IN A CIRCLE IN THE ALUMINUM. SINCE IT IS SHORTED OUT, THERE IS ENERGY LOSS. THE ENREGY LOSS SHOWS UP IN THE MECHANICAL MOVEMENT OF THE MAGNET. THE DIRECTION OF THE CURRENT IN THE ALUMINUM CREATES A BACK EMF (ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD) OPPOSING THE ORIGINAL MAGNETIC FIELD AS THE CONDUCTOR , NOW AN INDUCTOR, RESISTS CURRENT CHANGE.. THIS ONLY HAPPENS IF THE MAGNET IS MOVING IN RELATION TO ANY ELECTRO-CONDUCTIVE MEDIUM.

    MUDDy

  • @muddymuddymuddmann Well said, too bad your comment that is 100% correct is not top rated.

  • @yellowmetalcyborg THANKS YMC!

    I WATCHED IT A FEW DAYS LATE TO HAVE THE COMMENT READ MUCH. BUT IT DOESNT MATTER ABOUT THE RATING, JUST THE SCIENCE!

    HAPPY NEW YEAR MY FRIEND. GLAD TO HEAR FROM YA ON THE TUBE.

    MUDDy

  • @muddymuddymuddmann Happy new year to you too!

    It's been a while...

  • Electrical eddy currents in the aluminium, caused by the magnetic field. These eddy currents then created their own magnetic field, opposing the magnetic field of the neodymium magnets. It also works with copper, and I would imagine it would work with silver as well.

    Dan, try dropping a neodymium magnet through a perfectly straight piece of copper pipe. The effect is much more dramatic.

  • This is easy. The real reason for this is inside of the aluminum is millions if not billions of atomic size little people. They grab the magnetic field just as it passes then let go. When they are not enjoying magnetic fields they like to sing and dance. Their little hands will not let them hold on to that magnetic file long enough. It's just that simple.

  • a strong magnetic field induces loosely bound electrons in the aluminum atoms to move. as charged particles move they generate a magnetic field which opposes the magnetic field from the magnets. if it didn't i would violate the law of conservation of energy.

  • We could make our streets out of alluminum and use magnets to make our cars float and compressed air to make them go.

  • im being goofy fellas =)

  • Lenz Law eddy currents

    Another great visual example of this can be seen when dropping a

    similar magnet  through copper pipe. It tends to float out of the pipe. Pretty Cool!

  • Make the engine block out of ceramic.

  • Holy crap! Thats amazing!

  • Paramagnetism is a form of magnetism that occurs only in the presence of an externally applied magnetic field. Paramagnetic materials have a relative magnetic permeability greater or equals to unity, i.e. a positive magnetic susceptibility, and hence are attracted to magnetic fields.

    Pauli-paramagnetic rating for Aluminium is 2.2*10^-5

    The magnetization of paramagnets follows Curie's law to good approximation.

    en.wikipedia org/wiki/Paramagnetism

  • there are small trace amounts of atoms in the aluminum and some molecules too. this in turn gives the aluminum the properties of a material consisting of mass.

  • @RamoneTalarico ....you are using words, I don't think they mean what you think they mean.

  • @RamoneTalarico Are you related to Miss South Carolina?

  • If you plan on building a magnet engine you might want to try out a composit meteral like carbon fiber for strength and something like abs or stronger plastic. that is my two cents but I have to agree with the lenz law theory on the magnet and aluminum. Copper tubing does the same thing so if you want a piston better get something that is not remotely metal for a shaft wall plus shielding from ther magnets will have to come into play because of side pulling forces. But good luck.

  • Lenz law with eddy currents.

    This is how generators make electricity.