Genographic Project, The Genetic Journey, Haplogroup X

[TheMelodyBear]

Exciting to find your channel! I am also X, but coming from the far NW of Europe. My maternal line has been traced 5 generations back to a woman named Elizabeth Barry who lived near Bath in Somerset, England. Her daughter Sarah Jane Millard came to Australia as a teenager, and I am her great-great-great grand daughter down the female line. One article I read suggests X is found as a higher % in Age of Migrations Vikings, including those settling in the Orkneys in the far north of Britain.

[ancientroyal1]

My great grandfather was a yaqui native,what haplogroupand percentage does that make me?

[kennedyjames007]

X2a (New World) is quite distinct from X2b, X2c, X2d, X2e, and X2f (Old World). X2a came to America such a long time ago, it doesn't really matter what route they took, but they likely came from central asia. The other X2 groups also came from there, but headed west towards europe. There are few X left in Asia but that is just because so many other people have covered that region since the X2.

[TheVeraciousAxiom]

@kennedyjames007 I'm Haplo. G from my Y Chromosome DNA, where or what are people of Haplo. "G"? as in what "race" so to speak?

[1mushaquit]

I learned more about Haplogroup X from your video than all the literature I have read. I am X as well.

Bruce

[Ladyknowinglydivine]

Wow, this is strange. My mtDNA is haplogroup X also. Decended from the Basque people of SPain thru my gre-great grandmother. Ironically, am also Sioux indian (father side)almost 2qtrs which also carry this haplogroup X. Strange very strange. Meaning that both of my sides of family knew each other and broke off from each other at some point very long ago.

[Ladyknowinglydivine]

Since I am female I can only trace my mothers mtDNA. Which is of the Basque people of Spain. People assume what they think I am. Yes, I am 2 qtrs sioux indian from my fathers side. But it's so strange how DNA depics who we are. Ironically, the sioux have haplogroup X which the Basque people also carry.

[themanishere4]

More on the Mongoloid Altaian people of Siberia; Since the frequency of haplogroup X in Russians is extremely low (3 of 336; Orekhov et al. 1999; Malyarchuk and Derenko 2000; authors unpublished data), the recent European admixture cannot explain the presence of haplogroup X in the Altaians. Hence, the results of the present study allow us to suggest that haplogroup X was the part of the ancestral gene pool for Altaian populations, being found both in northern and southern Altaians.

[themanishere4]

solutrean garbage is refuted, no evidence for that myth. Also the Altaians of Siberia are the source of mtDNA haplogroup X in the Americas. The Altaians have haplogroups A-D, and X making them the best fit for source of many Natives.

[themanishere4]

Scientists tell us also about haplogroup X's origins; "We surveyed our Old World haplogroup X mtDNAs for the five diagnostic X2a mutations (table 2) and found a match only for the transition at np 12397 in a single X2* sequence from Iran."

This goes into another fav topic of insane white supremacist groups, the alleged "Aryan" people! All real scientists will tell you Indo-Europeans are not WHITE people! Europeans are subgroup of this, but groups like Iranians and Indians are not white LOL!

[themanishere4]

continuing from the work of scientist M. Derenko; "s shown by computer analysis, this DNA sequence is not a late European admixture. Rather, the Altai variant X is ancient and can be close to the ancestral form of the variants of contemporary Europeans and Amerinds.

...

Therefore, they (Altaians of Siberia) may represent the populations which are most closely related to New World indigenous groups.

[themanishere4]

Correction in spelling that is the Altaian people of Siberia who are again Asian. Studies showed the following from the famous work on this topic by scientist Miroslava V. Derenko; "Derenko's study asserts that the recent European admixture cannot explain the presence of haplogroup X in the Altaians. Hence, these study allow us to suggest that haplogroup X was the part of the ancestral gene pool for Altaian populations, being found both in northern and southern Altaians."

[themanishere4]

The baseless, anomaly of the Solutrean hypothesis has been thoroughly debunked by numerous scholars. There is no evidence of even boats that these alleged Solutrean travelers would've had to use to make that impossible journey at that period in time 25,000 to 30,000 years ago. Among other things. Also on mtDNA haplogroup X it is not "European" gene studies show it likely originating in Iran (not "white" Europeans) LOL and it is also found in the Atlaians of Siberia i.e. Asian Mongoloid people!

[Travelinmoonbeam]

Hi, I just got my results back for the Natl Geog Genome project and also got Hapoloroup X which was a surprise. I don't see on the results page when I log in what my sub X group is- I see you mentioned yours X2... how did you get your subgroup? Also Is it fairly certain that you have native American ancestry if you have this Hapologroup? This would be confirmation of family oral history is so.

[ne0nsurf]

Salsassin,

actually that is incorrect, haplogroup x is said to be 98% european and the skulls are caucasoid NOT mongoloid flat faced indian.

case closed

[PopsMcKracken]

@ne0nsurf

The first people to set foot on north American soil were of European origin..

[ne0nsurf]

sorry I acdidentally downrated you.

I feel that europoids were the first in the americas(what we call the americas).

those people were solutreans some 17,000+ years ago.

the oldest skulls found in the americas are also caucasoid. some people argue that their is minor asiatic/indian mtdna in their but it is a very small amount. much smaller than the eurasian(read white european/afghan) amount. I think the minor amount is from some later mixing if at all.

[guiltytangent]

@ne0nsurf solutrean HYPOTHESIS has been debunked already pal.

[steviewonder417]

@guiltytangent look again

[Salsassin]

Actually scientists have shown the exact opposite, that the Atlantic was not a continuous ice sheet during the last glacial maximum. It was a sea fraught with icebergs, which are not seal territory.

[Salsassin]

The Solutrean hypothsis has been debunked. Haplotype X2a (What the Ojibwe have) is actually closer to Altaian Haplogroup X2 (In Siberia) than it is to any European type Haplogroup X2. THere are five unique mutations that characterize X2a. Only one of them has ever been found in an old world sample. That was one of the mutations which was found in Iran.

[bettacat]

Yes, and have you checked the Druze population? They have X, too.

Have you seed the documentary "First Canadians"? Yes, HapX is all over Europe, but in small pockets - and very nearly everywhere. We come in larger pockets in North America, The Orkney Islands, and in the Druze tribes.

In the end, the project outlines how we are all related through our ancestors. We simply developed different looks based on our geographic placement. Like flowers growing in the garden in full sun, or shade Think

[kajro57]

So basically your point is u don't feel comfortable being pieced together with the rest who came through the Bering?

the X-pple then, did they dissolve in the Bering majority or continued in some linqustic or geographic pocket that can be defined?

[TheVeraciousAxiom]

@bettacat What are Haplogroup G people? I belong to haplogroup G, which is my Y DNA...

[MegaAstrodude]

@Salsassin,

The Solutrean hypothesis holds more plausible than ever because the studies that compared mitochondrial DNA in Altay people(Derenko et al)ignored several logical possibilities that involve the Altay people migrating to Siberia from Europe(Reidla et al) and the simple fact that the median graph's present very subjective parsimony estimates considering the low frequency of haplogroup X in the Altay people and the high frequency in both Basque and Ojibwe.

[TheMidnightBell07]

Hey, excuse me if I sound really stupid but I want to know so I'm going to ask. Can a person have more than one Haplogroup?

[bettacat]

No question is stupid. Stupid is not asking the question.

No, no one can be more than one haplogroup. And sisters from the same mother are the same haplogroup. It passes directly from mother to daughter.

[skyshark75]

Actually Males do have 2. One Y Haplogroup and one MtDNA haplogroup.

[sickbasterd123]

the haploogroup does the haplo group pass from mother to son

[bettacat]

yes, a son carries his mother's haplogroup in his genes, but he does not pass this onto any of his children. The hapX that is passed along in the semen is located mostly in the tail, which falls off and is discarded, and not necessary to complete reproduction. The newly fertilized egg is filled with the new mother's Haplogroup, not the father's mother's. But yes, men can trace their mother's haplogroup, that's why men are XY and women are XX - we get all our female genes from our mothers.

[Sapien6x]

Ysearch(dot)org for Y-dna and w_w(dot)mitosearch(dot)org for mtDna are the genealogy matching worldwide database.

[IrishTyrrell]

Hi, I'm plain 'ole mtDNA haplogroup X. Just X. My maternal ancestors have been in Virginia for as many years as I can trace them back, which is about 200. My non-MT DNA matches up most closely with the Irish, followed by the British and then French. Regards, Tyrrell

[bettacat]

Nothing plain 'ole about us! Those scientists sniff out us X's like man uses pigs sniff out truffles, and we are the truffle. There are what the scientists call "daughter enclaves", in such a variety around the world, that's what astounds them. And in many cases, there is no direct path, to explain, as there are other migration paths for other groups, how the X's got there. LOL!

[p717]

You mention the possibility of the haplogroup common with Asians and Native Americans coming over via the Atlantic...

Have you looked at the Saami of Norway? They hunt reindeer like the Siberians, Build Tipis from skins, they even have mound houses that look like Kekulis. They also were in North Europe prior to Caucasians, but likely share ancestry with the Finno-Turks-Uighurs.

[Sibirg]

Haplogroup X are mostly found in the Mediterranean area, caucasus and near east. Saami people have nothing to do with americas, living in Tipis style tent was common during the UP period. Caucasians live in the caucasus region.

[euhden]

I'm Haplogroup K

:-)

[bettacat]

It is great that we can learn so much about ourselves and share. Thanks for posting.

;-)

[cloisterene]

I was not surprised (but delighted) to learn that I am of Haplogroup X. Great, great, Grandmother Cely was Eastern Bird Clan Cherokee. She married a white man in N.C., so we were never 'tribal'. I was 23 when Grandma first showed me Cely's photo & I learned of our true heritage. After she told me, things finally made sense. I had always felt oddly different. From that day on I knew who I was, & the mtDNA test (taken about 20 years later) gave me further validation.

[bettacat]

It's unfortunate that we lost our history. We will get it back, however. We will, and we will share it with all the world.

Democracy of today is what the European settlers learned from us. Yes, they learned about sharing and free will and equal rights only after they landed here.

[climbyourtree]

Loved your video! And it's so cool that you're X! Such an interesting and mysterious group :)

I'm waiting for my mtDNA results. Can't wait to see what they say. I think it will be a haplogroup common in Europe but we'll see. :)

[bettacat]

Let me know when you get the results! We're all cousins, but we'll only just learn how if we all share.

[climbyourtree]

Hi there! I learned that I am Haplogroup H along that single maternal line. 50% of Europeans are "H" along that line so I'm not too surprised. I was hoping I'd be able to lend some support for the long-standing story in the family that we are also part native-American but it might just be a story.

I may do my brother's yDNA testing but am pretty certain it's going to be a haplogroup common in China.

[ribenxuedao]

I can't wait for my Genographic Project. It's so intersting, that these scientists can, with but a few swabs , can come to find potentially thousands of years of heritage along our DNA lines. It's so facinating. I wonder what Haplogroup I'll belong to? Probably something Northern European; I guess since I'm of that region. I wish everyone else, with ,their Haplogroup testing kits; goodluck!

[bettacat]

It's a very exciting journey.

Let me know what your results are as soon as you get them cousin!

[revertsalam]

hi thats fantastic i am wating for my swabs to come thru from dna ancestery project so i can find out my mtdna its amazing what you discover will probly poast avid up at some point . thanks for sharing

[bettacat]

Thanks for being here to share with. Come back anytime.

[carloscastri65]

Hello, My mtDNA cames from that Haplogroup X Paleolithic mother too. My family cames from Asturias in northern Spain, where people from solutrean culture lived many years ago. I've read that more than 4% spaniards have X haplogroup. It was surprising to discover that sioux and ojibwa too... etc. we are all family...

[bettacat]

You bet we are! Now if only the rest of the world would realize that... there might still be fighting, but maybe, just maybe, no wars.

[bettacat]

Wow! I'm late in replying, but wow!

Hap X is worldwide, in small pockets, and that's what confounds the scientists.

I have an answer.

Us Hap X women, we're happy, friendly women, with positive outlooks despite the worst circumstances.

We're not immune to atrocities, no, but we do bounce back fairly quickly.

And we find a lot of humour in life, and we don't examine it too closely, we simply enjoy and live.

Hugs from your cousin

[RuskeaKettu]

Thanks for your response. That's very interesting about the Pawnee oral history, etc.

Regarding my comments, unfortunately they didn't post in the order I wrote them. What I had meant was that if the Solutreans (a culture of the late Upper Paleolithic of Southwestern Europe, that is, Eurasia) did migrate to the Americas *prior to 12,000 years ago*, according to genetics research they wouldn't have been "white" (nor would they have identified as European, a recent construct, for that matter).

[carlthemachoman]

I believe that it is possible that people from other cultures including the Ainu could have visited and possibly traded and even mixed in with some native groups.

[carlthemachoman]

We natives have our history, you white people have yours. We were here before any European. We were the first to set foot in America. Some tribes describe being here in America since the beginning of time. Just turn to the oral traditions.

[RuskeaKettu]

Yes. I think that even if some people did migrate to the Americas from Western Eurasia (that is, Europe) thousands of years ago, those modern, Christian Europeans and their descendants that victimized, and persist to do so, modern Native American peoples would have had no problem with treating ancient Europeans/Europe-originated peoples in the same fashion. Firstly, recent genetic evidence (see "Science," 20 April 2007) demonstrates that the genetic mutation for "white" skin... *continued below

[RuskeaKettu]

occurred just 6,000 - 12,000 years ago. So in effect, European racists would asumedly have loved to persecute their very own recent ancestors on the basis of skin color (not to mention all of the earlier ancestors from Asia and Africa). And the same is true, of course, on the basis of religion, or rather, tradition, too.

Secondly, for a *minimum* of 190,000 of the about 200,000 years of human history, *all* humans practiced a hunter-gatherer lifestyle... (continued below)

[RuskeaKettu]

And, of course, like those Native American nations that began to practice agriculture relatively recently within the last few thousand years (like Eurasians and Africans), Europeans agriculturists would have been viewed as primitive and pagan, and possibly racially inferior, by their descendants.

For example, on the way to the Americas, Spanish conquistadors discovered, conquered, enslaved the indigenous (and "white") Guanches... (continued below)

[RuskeaKettu]

, who still practiced a Neolithic (stone age) lifestyle and non-Christian way of life. This was considered both economically useful and a test-run for the conquering of Native Americans.

During the Middle Ages and with the blessing of the pope, "Northern Crusades" (see the book of the same name by Professor Eric Christiansen), run by Germanic Christian knights (Germanic tribes were forcibly, for the most part, Christianized nearly a thousand years earlier)... (continued below)

[RuskeaKettu]

conquered and forcibly Christianized the then indigenous pagan Finns, Estonians, Latvians, and Lithuanians of geographically Northeastern Europe. (Some Finnic peoples in Russia today are still fighting for their cultural rights to maintain old practices.)

Persecution of the indigenous Finno-Ugric Sami peoples, some of whom still maintain a hunter-gatherer or reindeer herding lifestyle and live in "teepee-like" tents (lavvu)... (continued below)

[RuskeaKettu]

in Northern Fenno-Scandinavia and Russia has persisted until this day. They are a recognized indigenous people.

I apologize for having gone on so long, but this is all to say that even if any evidence that some Native American ancestors may have arrived thousands and thousands of years ago from Western Eurasia, it cannot be utilized or appropriated by racists or imperialists to justify what has been and continues to be done to Native American nations by European powers and the U.S. (continued

[carlthemachoman]

Once again, I am not excluding the possibility of some kind of trade or contact between Native Americans and other ethnic groups. In fact, I believe it was the Pawnee that have a tradition that describes being visited by ancient whites. Scientists have even considered the possibility of contact between the Pawnee as well as other tribes and ancient celts.

[RuskeaKettu]

Again, I'm sorry to be pendantic here, and somewhat off topic, but I encourage everyone to look into the prehistory of Eurasian peoples. I believe that not only is it important to know about one's ancestors (for those with ties to Eurasia), but it also gives a greater context to recent world history.

To begin with, I recommend Googling the academic web pages "PICTURE GALLERY OF THE PALEOLITHIC". Thanks and apologies again for the long reply!

[RuskeaKettu]

One more, promise! Check out the YouTube video "MARI BOINE about the ban of joik" -- the indigenous Sami chanting/singing (also the ban of drumming, language, and culture).

[carlthemachoman]

I don't believe in this Bering Land Bridge theory one bit. Scientists have unearthed Native American remains in Oregon that are 14,000 years old, which is much older than the time that people were supposed to have crossed over. There is evidence that Native Americans have been here for over 20,000 years. There are millions perhaps billions of undiscovered Native American artifacts and remains that are probably much older than this.

[RuskeaKettu]

I believe that most anthropologists today posit that the earliest Native "American" ancestors probably made their way from Siberia to North America by way of boat, given the evidence of human inhabitation, like you mentioned, prior to the creation of the Bering Land Bridge. After all, indigenous Australian ancestors boated to Australia from Southeast Asia something like 60,000 years ago....

[carlthemachoman]

Only 3% of us natives have haplogroup x. Haplogroup x has been found in parts of Asia including the middle east. As for the clovis points, both the natives and europeans had boats, either one of them could have possibly traded with each other. There is evidence that Europeans could have possibly visited and even traded and mixed in with the natives before Columbus or the Vikings. Some tribes even describe being visited being visited by strange white skinned people.

[Pitoraq]

Ainu could have visited America, Ainu where skilled boat builders

[MeLara33]

Hi bettacat. Very nice to see and hear you. Genetic migration histories are very interesting. Waiving from Norway:-)

[Pitoraq]

I want to test my y-dna, genetic journey

btw how could haplogroup Q(M242) come to Iceland ?

[seeba]

Eurocentric Historians always claim everything had to have come from main-land Europe. North Americans also will try to support this, because White settlers won & Natives lost(& the victors always write what should become history).

Haplogroup X has its origins around in Middle-east & Caucasus. Also Middle-eastern Druzes have the highest amount(26%)of X. Its not a European Haplotype 4 all who wish it was.

[seeba]

There are many Challenges to Solutrean theory, but I don't think anybody is going to listen. Even if there is no evidence whatsoever for Solutreans. Haplogroup A,B,C & D are directly from Siberia, & X2a isn't.

The male version of Haplo X2a is Haplogroup R1a (found among some Central-American Natives). Both these Haplogroup goes way back to Central Asia & then even father towards Middle-east. Not Europe!

[bettacat]

I agree about the Hap X origins - so, how did we get to North America WITHOUT leaving any trace along an Asian migration route? There are traces of Hap X found in Norway, Finland, Scotland ... makes me think we did pass that way on our way to North America. Hap X's could have merged with any other groups they met - hence X appears today in small pockets throughout Europe, though no small pockets in Asia, and ultimately X became 1 of 5 Hap' found in North America.

[seeba]

No small pockets found in Asia? R U so sure!

Siberia & Mongolia R both parts of Asia. Hap X is found there. It's found also in Central Asia(Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan), & even in Afghanistan, Pakistan & India.

Like Male Haplogroup R1a, Female Haplo X could also come from inside Afghanistan & India to America.

The unique Native X2a is not found anywhere in Europe or Asia, yet! But keep in mind, that highest variation of X, X1, X2 is found in Middle-east, & nowhere else.

[RuskeaKettu]

Seeba, would you, if convenient, be so kind as to cite your sources? Thanks.

[RuskeaKettu]

Seeba has just sent me a link to a journal article on mtDNA haplogroup X. Here's the article info in case anyone should like review it for themselves. (It can be found via a Google search.)

"Origin and Diffusion of mtDNA Haplogroup X"

Am J Hum Genet. 2003 November; 73(5): 1178--1190.

Published online 2003 October 20.

Copyright © 2003 by The American Society of Human Genetics. All rights reserved.

[Cuah123]

(You have to consider sadly slavery as well.)

I'm Mexican, took the test and the results came back

-Fathers Fathers R1b1 "Brytonian marker'

-Fathers mothers I1a Scandanavian/Viking/Visigoth/N­orth German/Angle Saxon

-Mothers Mother MTDNA D Native Meso American

-Mothers Mothers Fathers J2F1"Trojan/Adriatic"

The results were pretty amazing and show that

a)Culture and Ethnicity are not the same as Genetics.

Hmm I do like Beer alot and have a temper..

[RuskeaKettu]

Interesting, Cuah123. And, sadly, too true re: slavery.

I1a is also common in the Finno-Ugric / Uralic (i.e. non-Germanic and non-Indo-European) Finnish, Estonian, and indigenous Sami peoples of Northern Europe. I1a is thought to be the first paternal haplogroup to reinhabit the region after the ice sheets that had covered it during the last glacial maximum receded.

[izeman458]

Woopie doo daa. I bet you were just as excited during grade school when you discovered your sign was shared by only 1/12th of the planet.

[RuskeaKettu]

Libor Balák (at the Czech Academy of Sciences, the Institute of Archaeology in Brno, The Center for Paleolithic and Paleoethnological Research) has made wonderful scientific visual reconstructions of Paleolithic Eurasian cultures. The Solutreans (and the North American Clovis) unfortunately aren't included, but some of their descendants and ancestors are.

You can find the web site by Googling: "picture gallery of the paleolithic"

[bettacat]

In Canada, they call the docudrama "First Canadians". In other parts of the world, it is called "FIrst Columbus". Go out, seek it, and find it before the others, and then spread the word.

[Francisplus]

Betta, I can only find its trailer. In any case, it seems that it portrays the well known "Solutrean theory". Good stuff. They make it look like a very dramatic journey, but I honestly think that they managed their journey pretty well.

Definetively better than Columbus, among other things because they took a a shortcut of only 3,000 Km instead of more than 6,000 km as Columbus did ;-)

[RuskeaKettu]

Thanks! I can't wait to see and share it!

[Francisplus]

Becca. I wouldn't be surprised that your grandma is a MicMac (if she is your Mon's mother); and I wouldn't be surprised if you live in Quebec, Newfoundland, or Nova Scotia.

You are awesome! This may sound strange to you but, according to my research, you are decendant of Atlanteans ;-)

[Francisplus]

I am from Spain (living in Chicago) and my ancestors were living in the Basque Country in the 1,200's. In agreement with RuskeaKettu comments, you could be the sister who left the iberian refugee to conquer the oceans!

Now, I want to take the DNA test. Which company do you recommend?

[bettacat]

I know there are a lot of companies out there; I went through National Geographic, the Genographic project. I've heard from a few other people through e-mail that FamilytreeDNA is pretty good, more details than the Genographic project is. I just might have to do it all over again, to get more detailed results!

[bettacat]

If MicMac were found in Northwestern Ontario, I'd agree - but we're definitely Ojibway. That said, our nations's peoples could have traversed North America at any time during the past 12,000 years, and who knows? One way or the other, someone could have settled down with a new tribe, making the X appear in Ojibway and MicMac, as it does with the Sioux and Navajo. Search American journal human genetics, origins and diffusion of mtdna Hap X.

[RuskeaKettu]

PBS (U.S. public television) has two documentaries about this, one of which can be watched for free online (but both web pages have a lot of text and visual info). YouTube doesn't allow postings of web addresses... so one find them by doing a Google search for:

PBS "Coming Into America"

PBS "America's Stone Age Explorers"

[RuskeaKettu]

Nice video, and thanks for sharing with us! These DNA projects are so interesting; it's wonderful to learn about our ancestries, migrations, and, ultimately, our closely related human family.

Here are a few corrections to your video, though:

(See my next post -- YouTube's character limit prohibits me from posting the entire statement in one posting.)

[RuskeaKettu]

*Clovis points are found only in North America, not Europe, beginning 13,500 years ago.

*The Solutrean Culture (the one proprosed by some scientists to have crossed the Atlantic into North Ameria) lived in Southwestern Europe (Northern Spain and Southern France) 17,000 years ago.

[RuskeaKettu]

*The Solutreans did not live (at that time, at least -- some their descendants may have repopulated the following areas) in Germany, Norway, Sweden, or Finland -- because:

*17,000 years ago (15,000 B.C.E.), Finland, Sweden, Norway, and parts of Germany were still covered under a glacial ice sheet.

[sopmodm4]

X is found in Finland,Hungary and Bulgaria and also fit the Finno-Ugric evidence with it's oldest historical culture being ancient Sumeria!Sumerians in North America?Simply Fascinating :D

[bettacat]

Could be!

It's very interesting.

Do you know your ancestral genetic journey? It's so intriguing, I highly recommend participating in the Genographi Project. You won't be disappointed.

Thanks for the comment,

Take care,

-b

[bettacat]

My grandpa, the white man, was Finnish. But the X came from my grandma, the Ojibway woman. But who knows?-Thousands of years later, similar gene pools could have been reunited in that coupling.

Thank you for watching, and commenting. You're aware.

[RuskeaKettu]

I'm not sure if this is what you'd meant, but Bulgarian is not a Finno-Ugric language, and a link between the Sumerians and the Finno-Ugrians/Uralics is not widely accepted by scholars.

[RuskeaKettu]

sopmodm4: Finno-Ugric/Uralic peoples are thought to be connected genetically by y-DNA (paternal) haplogroup N3 (also N2), which came from Northern China/Southern Siberia, not the Middle East.

y-DNA haplogroup N came from haplogroup NO. Today, haplogroup O is the most common haplogroup among East Asians, and haplogroup N is the most common haplogroup among Northern Eurasians from Finns and Samis to Chukchi "Eskimos."

[RuskeaKettu]

Subhaplogroup N3

Most common in Uralic/Finno-Ugric peoples of Northeastern/Eastern Europe and Siberia; also, Lithuanians and Latvians, Chukchis, Yakuts.

*Most common in Northern Eurasia: Arctic and Sub-Arctic taiga/tundra belt: Northeastern Europe to the Kamchatka Peninsula (on the Bering Sea) 13,000 B.C.E. Northern China 8,000 B.C.E. Southern Siberia 6,000 B.C.E. Eastern Europe 4,000 B.C.E. Northeastern Europe (Finland, Etc.)

[RuskeaKettu]

(My comment above about y-DNA subhaplogroup N3 was meant to show the dates of its origin and migration. Also, the formatting of the dates went a bit kooky.)

[girlperson1]

Hey Betta. it's your X2b sister from New JerseyXX Congratulations on a video well done XXX!!

[bettacat]

Thanks Sister!! Hope all is well!!

[girlperson1]

Hey Betta, it's your X2b sister from New Jersey!! Congratulations on a video well done. XXX!!

[catthighs]

Wow! You think a lot, more than most of us. ThanKs! We all need people to keep us in line!

[catthighs]

Woa! 30,000 years of women giving birth to daughters. Who-HOO!