Voice of Grover Clevland

[spacitydrummer4JC]

Seems like all men back then sounded the same.

[nuts4clara]

Thanks for placing this wonderful recording of Grover Cleveland speaking to a crowd of supporters, even though the recording is a bit unclear(it's nobody's fault; the recording technology of that era was the way it was: new and primitive) =)

[giobbistar21]

Wax cylinder?

[calimar28]

Ron Paul's favorite president.

[dajohnman57]

Ron Paul brought me here!!

[redwolffire]

"noooooooo my friends!! This will never be the judgement of his people!" I love how politicians talked back then

[Cool2BCeltic]

"Ma, Ma, where's my Pa?"

"Gone to the White House ha ha ha"

Having the last laugh is one of life's great pleasures.

[4thecritic4]

Very interesting

[cpepe22]

how horrible that no date is provided, horrible, 1880s I would guess

[bwillis1975]

@cpepe22 I would guess the early 1890s actually. First sound recording was 1886, but it wasn't a president. I could be wrong about the date of course. But I would guess the second administration? 1892-1896 sometime?

[jcmipes]

That isn't Grover Cleveland because that is part of the "Cross of Gold" Speech made in 1896. Right time period, wrong person. William Jennings Bryan made that speech. Nice try...

Source- History Major

[MostMagnificentOne]

The Zionist bankers more than likely have a film of the shooting of Lincoln. They have it hidden in their vaults. Zioinst Jew banker Alan Greenspan said the Federal Reserve Bank bankers answer to no one. He is above the law then. The Federal Reserve Bank is an Israeli weapon used against American citizens to bankrupt them. IT's the Trojan Horse of Israel, the enemy inside the gate. The Zionist hexagram, a 6-pointed star symbolizing mass murderer King Solomon, is seen in films of McKinley..

[wtfjaftw]

@MostMagnificentOne Congradulation Lincoln worked, for the banks!

[springjo1]

@wtfjaftw 22Nd and 24Th President.

[MostMagnificentOne]

He uses the same speaking cadence as John F. Kennedy. Trained by Zionist Jews to speak to the farm animals who they rule over. The City of Zion lives. We are ruled by Zionist Nazi Jew Bankers who, like the Wizard of Oz, have been hiding behind a veil and pulling the puppet strings of our so-called leaders.

[TiminPhoenix]

@MostMagnificentOne Why not go practice your goose-stepping there Adolf.

[mazakman1957]

@MostMagnificentOne

You have the least magnificent mind of any poster here. Go kiss a poster of the REAL mass murderer, Hitler - you goose-stepping shiny-headed turdsucker, and quit trolling historical treasures..

[Victrolamarc]

@MostMagnificentOne : You are a stupid,sick,disgusting and evil anti-semite!

DIE NAZI!!

[BrooklynJackBlue]

So, apparently Grover Cleveland was a parent in the Peanuts?

[Ghstwn]

It's a shame that the guy who posted this wasn't sharp enough to even spell a President's name correctly in the title. ( That type of thing always takes some points away from the source. Eh? :)

[JumpinJesuits]

up until after WW II, many in the upper class were sent to public boarding schools that had many English professors, so for most of the US' history our educated classes spoke with a "Mid-Atlantic" accent that adapted parts of each accent. close modern day examples are cary grant and william f. buckley.

[mij194]

Did all Americans have British accents before the 20th century?

[MegaObserver1]

@mij194 Just those from the East who wanted to sound snooty. Seriously.

[mij194]

@MegaObserver1 What about Theodore Roossevelt? He spent most of his life in the West as a cowboy.

[auroradawn23]

@mij194 No, he didn't. Teddy Roosevelt only spent a few years in the West. He spent the bulk of his life in New York, where he was born and raised.

[nognilk]

@mij194 up until about 1840, or before the first immigrant migration, Americans and British accents were the same.

However in the south, because of the slave population, Southern Americans developed a slow drawl speech pattern.

[nognilk]

@mij194 up until about 1840, or before the first immigrant migration, Americans and British accents were the same.

However in the south, because of the slave population, Southern Americans developed a slow drawl speech pattern.

[RWT683]

@nognilk Claiming the "Southern Drawl" is due to slave influence is dubious. Whites and Negroes always had distinctive speech patterns. Most Whites did not own slaves and had little contact with them. The slave owning class had a unique accent, "Virginia Piedmont." Until the late 20th century, upper class Whites in the South had a distinct accent from poor Whites. In the decades after segregation ended, Black speech has influenced the speech of lower class Whites in urban areas.

[indyracingnut]

Was this recorded while he was President, or afterwards? 

[parafleet]

@Polaris688 I think my prostitute sister got my account. I don't know what a "horris" day is either.

[Popperite]

Respect for ancient sound recordings but this needs subtitling..

[robinsoncobb]

Remarkable we have this recording of a president from the 1880's! The color images of Cleveland make it almost life-like.

[parafleet]

I wonder what got Growling Grover over that horris day at Chickamauga.

[ifhgsfj]

EVERYONE BACK THEN SOUNDED THE SAME

AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA­AAAA

[chaset51]

Cleveland was a fantastic president.

[startover942]

@chaset51 So good that America realized that and corrected that in 1892!

[Aaronthegreatest]

THIS is what we need today! Moar Grover! XD

[Ramubay]

Instead of inserting that lone photo of Taft at :37 there should have been a photo of Grover from Sesame Street....or Cleveland from The Family Guy. (Okay, I deserve a large number of thumbs up for that one).

[mafiaslicka]

@Ramubay thumbs down

[MalubaySyecado]

@Ramubay THUMBS UP!!!!

[Gnillob802]

@MalubaySyecado THUMBS UP!!!!

[BestPlaymateEver]

@Gnillob802 THUMBS UP!!!!

[MrGWSprague]

Is this really a recording of him?

[MrHoyyoh]

no, the picture at 0:37 is Cleveland not Taft. (Second term Cleveland does look a bit Tafty though).

[TheGrassyknollkiller]

Okay that was funny when he said "noooo my friends" heh that was funny but I am glad we have audio of him.

[bigblondman1]

i have no idea why taft was there at 0;37 but the voice was cleveland. and you can see his name is misspelled on the site  the e is missing after the v.

[wrestlingluva]

ma, ma, wheres my pa?

[crispy1995]

@wrestlingluva Gone to the White House... ha ha ha!

[metatronius]

@wrestlingluva Gone to the White House, ha ha ha !

[LePrince1890]

Grover "the Good" - the "Honest President, and only two termer we had whose terms were seperated (by Benjamin Harrison's).

[RandyAKing]

Squeezed a Taft picture in there.

[SHEPARDWISPERER]

mary had a little lamb

[rosstube]

Agreed, 0:38 is Taft.

[Benjaminb46]

What kind of accent does he have??

[UNCfan102]

@Benjaminb46 MidAtlantic Accent . It was a trained accent common among rich, urban, east coast Americans until about 50 years ago. It can still be heard in some upscale areas of Boston and Connecticut.

[RJY4356]

When is this speech from- the 1892 campaign or later???

[dougiefresh135]

no, you're wrong. it's cleveland.

[dharmabums320]

Ummm .... the picture at 0:37 is of William Howard Taft, not Cleveland.

[Grouchomx]

@dharmabums320 Yeah, nice Ooops there!

[TheGrassyknollkiller]

@dharmabums320 That's funny it is Taft heh.

[allenamet]

It is highly unlikely that this is an actual recording of Cleveland's voice. It appears to be a studio re-creation by an elocutionist (from that time period).

Allen

[swantavernradio]

I once heard a real recording of Cleveland making a speech in 1892. The beeswax cylinder was in pretty bad shape, but the voice sounded the same.

[allenamet]

Cylinder recordings go back to 1888, but there was a whole industry in selling voices of people who never made a record.The voice you heard is not Cleveland, but Len Spencer, an elocutionist of that period. If POTUS made a real recording of his voice in 1892, we would see contemporary newspapers articles announcing that event. Such does not exist.. You can even find The Gettysburg Address on cylinder, or 'McKinley' speaking, but they are likewise not real.

Allen

[swantavernradio]

Actually, Cleveland WAS recorded in 1892. The recording was included on an LP released in the late 1950's The LP was "If I'm Elected." I know who Len Spencer was. He made a lot of comedy and novelty records around the turn of the 20th Century. I have a Columbia cylinder of his version of "The Arkansas Traveler." There are a fair number of recordings of Theodore Roosevelt, William Jennings Bryan, and William Howard Taft. Some of these were made in the Edison studio.

[allenamet]

Thank you for your thoughtful reply. The known recordings of TR, WJB, and WHT all date from the period of 1908 and after. There are no genuine recordings of Cleveland from any period despite the inclusion of "his voice" on several LPs (as you mention). Many of these errors were first made by Robert Vincent and his National Vocarium label and simply repeated. Blame it on Len & Harry Spencer: I wish it were otherwise.

Allen

[Kram6298]

@allenamet You seem authoritative but what is your basis for this (in addition to the "no media" coverage point)?

[allenamet]

Hello, The cylinder that people think of with 'Cleveland' has applause on the same recording. The technology of the day, however (1892), did not permit such 'live' methods (at a real rally). Several companies, especially Columbia, made records of 'famous' people, even condemned murderers, but using the voice of hired elocutionists. . Another (false) example is Wm J Bryan's 'Cross of Gold Speech' (supposedly 1896). They even had Lincoln!

Allen

[HerbertHoover]

Cleveland was America's greatest president.

[007hunter13]

Why, you ask? Because Washington set a model for presidents to only serve two terms. All of his contemporaries saw it a correct and followed his footsteps- not wanting to be rude to a man they were all actually afraid of. In all honesty, the only reason FDR ran a 3rd time was because he felt it unwise to change Pres. in a time of world-wide war and depression.

To your point about legislators: it all comes in due time. Remember, it wasn't until 1913 that Senators were voted on by the public.

[TruthSeeker1988]

Since this guy served as the 22nd and 24th, could Jimmy Carter or George Bush Sr. serve another term?

[Firstworldleader]

Nobody would vote for an 85 year old man. People were reluctant to vote for a 72 year old.

[thesadsack]

Both Carter and Bush Sr. are eligible to serve another term.

[smitty01209]

Yes. Will they? No.

[theath1337]

technically. but as firstworldleader said, they probably would not be too popular.

[jndillaha]

yes. i believe the rule is that one man may serve no more than 9 years, 364 days, or one day less than 10 years. so if you are vice president and the president dies anytime after the halfway point of his current term, you may serve the rest of his term and be elected to no more than two more terms. i believe that is the rule, though im not entirely sure.

[DuaneMThomas]

If it's not the way you described, it's something close.

By the way, did you know that if Harry S. Truman were still alive, he could still be the president of the United States?

[jndillaha]

according to what i described, he could not. if he were elected to another term, it would take him over the ten year limit. if he had served less than half of roosevelts fourth term then he could, according to my understanding anyway, unless the rule was made while or after he were president and he were not subject to the rule changes.

[DuaneMThomas]

jndillaha, no you were right, I was not saying that you were wrong. I was just mentioning that Truman was exempt from the amendment Congress passed to limit a US President's term in office. That law did not exist until Truman was in office. And in all honesty was passed because Congress knew things about Roosevelt's illnesss that the public never knew about. Truman however, was exempt because he took office when the law did not exist and therefore Congress decided to "grandfather" him in,

[jndillaha]

interesting. so do you believe in term limits for president? just curious.

[DuaneMThomas]

The president ? Yes. But I don't believe in term limits for any other office holders be it local, state or federal.

[jndillaha]

why?

[DuaneMThomas]

why not?

[jndillaha]

doesnt it seem weird that we have term limits for president now, but not any other federal office holder? i dont know why it is so important for one and not the others, other than the fact that one man at a time will represent the highest echelon of the executive branch, which on further consideration seems to make sense. but if the president has a term limit, shouldnt congressmen? and also, dont you think its weird that the founders saw fit to give supreme court justices life long terms?

[DuaneMThomas]

@jndillaha, The Supreme Court is a seperate issue IMO. As you know, the lifetime appointments were an attempt to keep politics out of the judiciary (which by the way, all federal judge appointments are lifetime appointments, not just the Supreme Court). But the Robert Bork nomination changed all of that. Anyway, everytime I get going on a serious topic here, I always go over the character count. Some things cannot be said in just a few words, and here you have too. Sorry.

[jndillaha]

right and to a degree i agree with the lifetime appointments, but my initial point is this: why, if the president has term limits, do not the legislators have term limits? why dont they change the rule now because of john dingle or robert bird? have they not outstayed their welcome like fdr?

[lildwayne21]

I can't help but notice that almost all of the Presidents from the 19th century sound slightly British

[AulicExclusiva]

@lildwayne21 It's the "high toned" speech that public orators and leading citizens always assumed for the purposes of elocution. It was a "prep school" accent. There are still many older upper-class Americans who speak that way.

[niceguyinpenn]

At 0:38 that is William Howard Taft not Grover Cleveland, but great to hear the voice of Cleveland.

[WorldEffigy]

To bad his name wasn't Grover Garfield, that would have kicked ass.

[kloratis]

Who's that????

[mattgeb84]

it is possible this is grover the phonautograph was invented in 1857 plenty of time to have recorded his voice

[PoetReid]

I do not think this or any other presidential speeches are much likely to be truly authentic. There may be exceptions. I am out of touch with the antique phone societies, but, my recollection is that TRR was the first president to actually record his voice, and this was after his first or second term. He had a surprisingly prissy voice for such a masculine, brave man.

What we here hear is almost surely (in my unqualified opinion) one of the two Spencer brothers: pro orators surpreme.

[CaribbeanRyda]

Bruh, Teddy's voice kicked the shit out of Chuck Norris by itself.

[OldsVistaCruiser]

@PoetReid - If you look up the history of Teddy Roosevelt, he was a milquetoast as a youngster, and was sickly. He hated his childhood physique, so he became the "Rough Rider" (even before San Juan Hill) that has gone into history.

One writer of his day stated that death had to take him in his sleep, since if it had come while he was awake, he would have put up a terrific fight.

He was a moderate Republican, and was a strong champion of conservation of resources and wildlife.

[whoo689]

My kind of Democrat. ;) Not one of these big-gov't types that have dominated the party since FDR and screwed everything up.

[rachelazw]

Big government types? You're describing a modern-day Republican. Big government and money down a black hole.

[Zonozee]

What the hell do you know? Word on the street in you have a mammoth clit the size of the liberty bell. GLOBAL MOTHERFUCKING WARMING.

[DistantLover]

That is actually representative of both parties, as they both are big government, Keynesian parties.

[FSU96]

You cannot be serious. Obama is proposing (and racking up the biggest deficit) in the HISTORY of mankind. He makes Bush look like a genius. Two bad presidents in a row = Recession...followed by DEPRESSION.

[FSU96]

biggest government, that is.

[rachelazw]

Were you this upset just a few years ago when the Bush Adminstration was wracking up the biggest deficit in history (and hardly any of it to benefit our own country, but instead going to the likes of dishonest contractors like Haliburton, who were repeatedly being caught bilking taxpayers)?

[FSU96]

Umm...if you read my comment, you would have noticed that I was no Bush fan either. In the end, he failed. But Obama is absolutely horrible. I give him one more year before the rest of you catch on (including the media that acts as his personal promotion machine). He doesn't know what he's doing. But he talks a good game.

[rachelazw]

You weren't a Bush fan at the end? Were you in the beginning? Did you ever vote for him? He was a failure before he ever stepped foot into the White House. The moron couldn't even answer questions in the 2000 debates. Watching his performance then, I was mortified the he was even a presidential candidate, much less the person who would wind up occupying the White House.

[FSU96]

Me thinks Rachel is drunk. How cute!

[jndillaha]

yes. but that was child's play compared to obama. he has out-spent the entire history of the US. but he is a socialist. what did people expect?

[MrTabby5000]

bush spent 1 trillion on iraq,gave a tax cuts to paris hilton and created homeland security bills..

[jndillaha]

again, child's play compared to obama. you have illustrated my point well. thank you.

[MrTabby5000]

Obama so far only about 1 trillion,not yet as much as Bush.

[jndillaha]

it is impossible to say what they have spent if you include bonds and debt to countries like china and iflation and everything, and you get different figures from anyone that you talk to. but what i am referring to is his proposed budget and things like health care. he is way out of control, and is spending 10 times as much as bush. you are saying he has not yet spent as much as bush, but in one year as president, he probably will have. it was dangerous when bush did it, what is it now?

[muta157]

obama took my money and created 16% real unemployment, has done nothing about the war that the media won't cover and takes his wife out for 24K dates that I paid for.

[MrTabby5000]

Do you smoke tobacco?If you dont then obama took nothing from you yet.

[KickMeAndCancel]

Sounds like Dr. Zachary Smith

"William my dear boy!"

[brgvt97]

I am 100% positive that is a picture of William Howard Taft. It's a FACT. Why is Taft in this video? That is a major blooper.

[smautomat]

Correct! That IS a picture of Taft 0:39 seconds into the video. All the other pictures, however, are indeed Grover Cleveland.

[brgvt97]

Why is there a picture of William Howard Taft in this video???????

[Obliteratornugget]

That is Grover Cleveland; the two were both portly, mustachioed men, and thus look very similar.

[UncleMikeNJ]

I'm glad this was saved, so we can hear what a President sounded like in the 1880s (although I think the actual date of this is 1892), but I can't understand how such overweight men as Cleveland and Theodore Roosevelt had such high voices. And why is there a picture of Taft in the :40s?

[SirCyrano]

I don't think this is Len Spencer doing Cleveland; I'm convinced it's the man himself. 1) Listen to the audience cheering in the background, with wavering sound as if it had been recorded outdoors. (Spencer would have recorded in a studio.) 2. The fact that he and Cleveland share the same accent doesn't mean they're the same voice; this is how polished speakers sounded at the time. 3. Spencer's delivery was usually fluid and glib, without the pauses or emphatic phrasing of the Cleveland speech.

[Obliteratornugget]

This is not Cleveland; if one listens very carefully, even through the poor quality of the recording, he can tell that this is a recording of William Jennings Bryan's speech.

[Appule69]

William Jennings Bryan looks alot like Peter Boyle! 8O

[SirCyrano]

Obliteratornugget: Have you ever heard a recording of Bryan's "Cross of Gold" speech? Or any other speech by Bryan? His voice sounds nothing like this. Check out any Bryan speech on YouTube.

[reefguy15]

Lol at the guy below me

[bigfilmhat]

Youtube has some good history clips. I learned about Grover Cleveland from two non-consecutive videos.

[willfucker]

I wonder if anyone in the crowd is still alive today?

[steffidude]

Lady passed away in my town the other day and was born in 1893. Edna Parker. We also had the tallest woman in the world. Sandy Allen.

[zeekwolfe]

With a name like "willfucker", why don't you become a "won't fucker" and get out of our face. What a creep!

[billyguns2]

This is not the voice of Grover Cleveland. Too bad.

[daveboy44]

Alas, HartfordTommy is correct. This is NOT the voice of Grover Cleveland, much as I wished it were his voice. The text is exactly that of the famous "Cross of Gold" speech delivered by William Jennings Bryan in 1896. This recording is NEITHER the voice of Bryan. It very well may be Len Spencer. You can check out the text online. This recording is from the third and second paragraphs from the end.

[jfs78]

Yeah I have to agree too..It sounds like Len Spencer. There have been many questions on all of the Presidental recordings till the time of Theodore Roosevelt. As for public consumption the election of 1908 was the first where you had both candidates make recordings, and therefore you knew that you would have for the first time the voice of the President of the US for the public to hear at their leasure.The famous recordings of Roosevelt were made when he ran on the Bull Moose Ticket in 1912.

[HartfordTommy]

This is not Cleveland. It is a historical recreation made prior to 1914. It was made in a recording studio. The speaker is the prolific and talented Len Spencer. Look him up and hear other examples of his voice. That it is Len Spencer is well known, and you will agree once you hear him in any of his hundreds of other recordings. These "Presidential" recordings were popular then for patriotic and political reasons. Teddy Roosevelt recorded in 1912, first to do so for the public market.

[TolsmaLMC]

Is there a place where I can read what he's saying? I can't understand the audio at times.

[walkerjdjd]

One of those pics is William Howard Taft isn't it? (at :41)

[atruelover123]

if only they could have recorded lincoln... If I heard him, I'd just have a heart attack due to the excitement.

[IgnatzKolisch]

In distant theory, it would have been possible to have an audio capture of Lincoln's voice. The oldest recording I know of is from 1860, of some anonymous French girl singing "Claire de lune".

[SirCyrano]

It's more than just a theory. I've read that someone did record Lincoln's voice on paper, using the same phonogram technology that was used for the 1860 French recording. The catch is that the Lincoln recording was mislaid and hasn't been found. Imagine if they did find it. Even a muffled recording of Lincoln would be priceless.

[IgnatzKolisch]

Wowee! This is phenomenal news - for purely historical reasons (the more I learn about Lincoln, the more I hate him). He was clearly a major figure in 19th century in the American continents, for good and bad reasons. If such a thing could be turned up, it would be one of the greatest biographical/historical discoveries in the past century.

Thanks for the info! There are other lost audio - and some video - recordings of historical figures, some of which may yet be uncovered in some attic.

[kelly700red]

I would love to hear the voice of Lincoln,I could be wrong but I understood that he had a soft high pitch voice and was his words not his voice that made him a great orater.

[1Lawman104]

i hear the voice of lincoln everytime i pay income tax and cringe over the way he and sherman and ully tortured the south..shame on anyone that likes lincoln..

[LouisMorrone]

Well, Lincoln has nothing to do with the reason you pay income tax, and you better not call yourself a patriot or claim to love America in any way, because Lincoln was able to pull our country back together in its darkest hour. I think that's worth the temporary destruction of some slave plantations in Georgia.

[1Lawman104]

hell he started the irs and burned down my great grand pappys plantation, with the help of saddam hussein hitler sherman..louismorrone you are a fucking idiot..

[lolamjki890]

who cares bout a plantation !!!!! move 2 da cityz & find a real job

[CZam18]

Anyone who dislikes Lincoln doesn't know jack about him. Lincoln "tortured" the South? Lincoln believed in not showing ill will to the South after the War. Most believed his Reconstruction plan wasn't tough enough. Even that traitor Jeff Davis said Lincoln's assassination " Was the saddest day the South has ever known." I am a southerner. If it wasn't for Lincoln, everyone who lives in the south wouldn't be Americans.  You need to learn what you're talking about before you make post.

[MacintoshDan]

Every time you think of the income tax, think of Woodrow Wilson and the Underwood Tariff.

[sean2015]

I've never heard that, and find it hard to believe. According to Wikipedia, the earliest president with a known audio recording is Benjamin Harrison (Rutherford B. Hayes, who served before Harrison, also had a phonogram made, but it is presumed lost)

Nevertheless, it is definitely a shame that we don't have any audio of any of our first 21 presidents.

[LostDreamer15]

Actually Grover Cleveland served his first term before Harrison, then served his second after Harrison. Hayes served After Grant, then after Hayes came James A Garfield, Chester A Arthur, Grover Cleveland, Benjamin Harrison, and Grover Cleveland again. That should clear it up for you :)

[sean2015]

Yes, I understand what you mean. When I said "earliest" president, I was referring to the president's term of office (or the year the recording was made), not the president himself.

[lostryder]

its insane how old this clip is! like 110-120 years old right? thank you for preserving this great piece of history!

[Chubachus]

its amazing recordings like this have survived

[jumjum151]

yeah no kidding, amazing

[cmn1108]

The picture from 0:37 to 0:49 is W. H. Taft, not Cleveland.

[startover942]

Considering our current choices for President in 2008, we should bring Mr. Cleveland back to life so he may serve as president for three non-successive terms.

[CadillacL]

I just listen to William Howard Taft & now Grover Cleveland...this is just mind-blowing, makes me feel like i'm taken back in time.

[startover942]

This is great to hear, isn't it? Being a history buff, we must appreciate having these presidential speeches preserved for all time (or for whatever media becomes available in the future).

[Caveman135]

I heard some place that when ever a file hits the web it can never be deleted

[aubriefaye]

amazing he was such a powerful voice

[DaveSmithjr]

Grover Cleveland had cancer on the roof of His mouth and had His whole upper jaw removed. It messed up His voice

[TolsmaLMC]

How did they remove his whole upper jaw? Did they have a way of replacing it with an artificial jaw back then? I didn't realize they were that advanced in surgery.

[DaveSmithjr]

His upper jaw after the surgery was molded rubber,which could be taken out.

[TolsmaLMC]

Was it like a pair of dentures, then?

[DaveSmithjr]

might have been,not sure

[cmn1108]

He was fitted with a rubber apparatus that fit exactly, which allowed him to contunue speaking normally. Must have worked - nobody outside of the government found out until the doctor who performed it broke the story in 1920.

[thomasw78]

Am I the only the one that can't understand a thing he's saying?

[Waldocounty]

richardthripp: What "empire?" An empire means the purposeful conquest and acquisition of as much territory as possible with no intention of relinquishing it.

So how did Grover make Venezuela part of our "empire" through a 10-second intervention? Hugo Chavez, call your office.

Karp was an angry crank who never could figure out what he truly believed in.

[Waldocounty]

Halfway through you've got a portrait of William Howard Taft.

[wertyou567]

they should have recorded it later like in 1907 (g. cleveland died in 1908)