019 What is Summation (2 Types)

[sunlightstar4031]

can spatial summation be both inhibitory and excitatory?

[EvelynNLB]

Does having a small time constant minimize the summation effect ? I don't get how. Wouldn't you prefer to have a small time constant in the first place.

[InteractiveBiology]

@EvelynNLB Sorry, Leslie won't be able to get back to your inquiry. He's been very loaded at the moment with a lot of work. Please do stay tuned though as he'll be adding more Biology videos in the future. Thanks!

[EvelynNLB]

thanks your great!

[InteractiveBiology]

@EvelynNLB You're welcome!

[UniGirl9008]

Hi! Just wanted to say thank you. It was easy to understand all these. It has been a great help for my exam. Looking forward to more videos.

[InteractiveBiology]

@UniGirl9008 Yes, definitely, there will be more videos added to the site soon. Do stay tuned!

[anjali1129]

i literally felt the light bulb go on in my head...i think this is the first time i had an aha moment...thanku!lol

[InteractiveBiology]

@anjali1129 Lol! Well, that's good to know! Thank you for watching this video. You can go and check our other Biology videos at the site. We hope you'll find value in them as much as you found one on this. Have fun!

[pinkash1283]

Thank you for this video! I could not understand what summation was the way my A&P book explained, but it totally makes sense now.... and it seems so simple now ;)

[InteractiveBiology]

@pinkash1283 Glad to know that you found value on this one. You might also need other Biology videos and resources. Just head on to our site for more of them :)

[Luvely10891]

Wow. Thank you.

[InteractiveBiology]

@Luvely10891 You're welcome! Stay tuned for more :)

[zai4booc]

Thank you so much. You are making my life so much easier god bless you Samuel :)

[InteractiveBiology]

@zai4booc You're welcome! Glad you're finding value in them. Please stay tuned. WE have more Biology videos to be uploaded to the site very soon!

[Rocky20186]

thank you so much

[InteractiveBiology]

@Rocky20186 You're welcome! Please stay tuned for more biology videos :)

[mycee04]

this is very helpful, thank you so much for putting this video up!!! do you teach by the way? if you do i need to sign up for YOUR classes!

[InteractiveBiology]

@mycee04 Glad to know it helped. Yes, actually, Leslie is an assistant professor at the Andrews University :)

[afrprincess07]

i love you!!

[InteractiveBiology]

@afrprincess07 Glad you liked the video. Please stay tuned for more Biology videos coming very soon!

[stareleades]

If you could do shunting and reversal potentials that would be great , time constant and length constant :)

[stareleades]

@stareleades  also please**

[InteractiveBiology]

@stareleades Unfortunately, Leslie is no longer taking requests for specific videos, but he will definitely get to more systems and more Biology topics in the future. He has many to work on at the moment. So stay tuned for more. :)

[raru9086]

I am in truly madly deeply in love with your videos ....

Regards,

Your Fan

[InteractiveBiology]

@raru9086 Oh, thank you! Please come back for more Biology videos. Leslie plans to create more for everyone to use :)

[MJCastellanos]

Making Biology fun? Undestandable, but not fun :)

[InteractiveBiology]

@MJCastellanos :) Hope you keep coming back. Stay tuned because we have more Biology videos coming very soon!

[salmanshashi123]

why don't u say that temporal summation can only form from one axon and spatial summation generate when multiple axon work together at the same time

[InteractiveBiology]

@salmanshashi123 Because there's only so much that can fit into 6 minutes and 1 second :)

[xoxolove808]

thank you so much :)... you have made learning so much funner!

[InteractiveBiology]

@xoxolove808 You are very much welcome. Glad to help!

[Jaggamuffin1]

thank you. it really enhanced my understanding

what I want to ask now is that doesn't each neurone end in several synaptic knobs and the pre-synaptic membrane is at the end of the synptic knob. So, could it be that synaptic knobs of the same neurone release neurotransmitter ?

[InteractiveBiology]

@Jaggamuffin1 That is correct. I'm simplifying in this video by just showing one synaptic terminal, but there can be many on 1 neuron, and they would all be releasing NT when there is an action potential.

[aydn9]

You are so great! I am literally revising with your videos!:)) But I haven't quite understood the examples for this subject that are given in my book..for example;a large insect landing on our skin-temporal...butterfly crawling along our skin-both temporal and spatial..can you please explain these too?thank you for your time:)

[InteractiveBiology]

@aydn9 That's awesome. Glad it's helping. With an insect that landed on your skin, you are getting stimulus coming from the same source that isn't moving. The stimulus remains, but same source, same receptors stimulated over and over. That is temporal. With a crawling butterfly, you have different receptors stimulated (in addition to the same ones for a certain period of time). Different input is spatial. Hope that helps. Gotta run ;)

[Emelyme]

Very well explained.... and my question is can we then say that every action potential generated is a result of summation??

[InteractiveBiology]

@Emelyme Hi, I don't think that summation is necessary for every action potential, but I'm not 100% sure of that. Maybe someone else can chime in. I would assume that if a stimulus is large enough from one input, it should be able to reach threshold.

[heregod]

Thank you so much ! You amazing ! amazing ! so amazing ! :D You the best :D the best . I was so confused in my two hour class and I understand everything is a 6 min video :O God bless you.

[InteractiveBiology]

@heregod That's great. Glad to hear that the video helped you so much :)

[Chaldanaya]

Hey Mr. Sammuel,

I was just wondering if you could tell me, the importance of temporal and spatial summation?

Regards.

[InteractiveBiology]

@Chaldanaya Sure. The importance is to allow the stimulation to bring the membrane potential of the axon hillock to threshold. Once the membrane potential reaches threshold, an action potential can happen.

Each neuron is receiving input from multiple neurons, and it takes all of that input and decides whether or not to start an action potential. It basically combines the inputs and generates an Action Potential if the sum of all Potentials is large enough.

Hope that helps!

[Chaldanaya]

@InteractiveBiology Thank you very much for your help Sir.

[Lyncas92]

have you explained the shunting effect or the sublinear summation?..if not could you please??

[InteractiveBiology]

@Lyncas92 I have not looked at that process before. Sorry about that. Trying to get through as much as possible, but some topics will be missed.

[Deat401]

Beautiful quality, clear narrative, "unique" drawing skills = Awesome.

Thanks again!

[InteractiveBiology]

@Deat401 LOL. Thanks. If you were to tell my students that I have Awesome drawing skills, they would laugh so hard ;D

[25Robbo25]

You my friend are awesome!!! Thank you for helping me understand this a million times easier/better than the Marieb texbook :D

[InteractiveBiology]

@25Robbo25 You are welcome a million. Glad you are finding value in the content. All the best!

[xxmusicluvv]

this is WONDERFUL! thank you so much :) :)

completely understood the content that I was struggling to learn by reading!

[InteractiveBiology]

@xxmusicluvv That's great to hear. Glad to know that the videos help :)

[porkybunbun604]

thank you! well explained.

[InteractiveBiology]

@porkybunbun604 You are welcome!

[TheSwellBell]

omg.. YOU ARE A LIFE SAVER!!!! Wow wonderful video! I really understand it now. reading it from notes and a textbook is nothing compared to visual and explaining. It really feels good to actually know whats going on now :) thanks a lot

[InteractiveBiology]

@TheSwellBell That's great to hear. Glad you understand it now :)

[LotesseElfin]

Thank you, it was great help.

[InteractiveBiology]

@LotesseElfin You are welcome :)

Check out my website for more content.

[jilliebum]

LIFE SAVER! Thank you!

[InteractiveBiology]

@jilliebum Awesome. I love saving lives :) Make sure to subscribe for more of the good stuff!

[spaghettidem0n]

nice little clarification video, thanks for posting :D

[InteractiveBiology]

@spaghettidem0n You are very much welcome. I post a bunch of other videos so make sure to check them out :)