False memories - Lost in a shopping mall - Elizabeth Loftus

[Elaz61]

Inception (H)

[rzoggyie]

I have started a petition to get FM()F to stop speaking for child sexual abuse survivors. My blog is Memoir of a redemptive life. You can just goole that and you'll find the link on the home page. Thanks, Rosie

[stopritualabuse]

Elizabeth Loftus herself has published studies showing evidence of recovered memory. Loftus published a paper with colleagues on Remembering and Repressing in 1994. In a study of 105 women outpatients in a substance abuse clinic 54 % reported a history of childhood sexual abuse. 81% remembered all or part of the abuse. 19% reported they forgot the abuse for a period of time and later the memory returned.

(Psychology of Women Quarterly, 18 (1994) 67-84.)

[stopritualabuse]

Hopper, J.. "Recovered Memories of Sexual Abuse Scientific Research & Scholarly Resources". "Loftus has conducted and published research which calls into question her public statements on recovered memories; her own study demonstrated that the conditions of amnesia and delayed recall for sexual abuse do exist"

[suemiller1000]

@stopritualabuse Can you provide the complete reference to me please-Full Title of the article,(Year of publication),Title of the publication.Issue or part number of that publication in the aforementioned year,the publication date printed on the cover.The Publisher:City and country of publication.isbn and or congress catalogue numbers. Thankyou Sue

[stopritualabuse]

@suemiller1000 Crook, L.S., & Dean, M. (1999). "Lost in a shopping mall" A breach of professional ethics. Ethics & Behavior, 9(1), 39-50 and Crook, L.S., & Dean, M. (1999). Logical fallacies and ethical breaches. Ethics & Behavior, 9(1), 61-68

---- Pezdek, K. (1995, November). Planting False Childhood Memories: The Role of Event Plausibility , Kathy Pezdek, Kimberly Finger and Danelle Hodge

Psychological Science Vol. 8, No. 6 (Nov., 1997), pp. 437-441

[stopritualabuse]

Crook, L. (1999). "Lost in a Shopping Mall - A Breach of Professional Ethics.". Ethics & Behavior. 9 “An analysis of the mall study shows that beyond the external misrepresentations, internal scientific methodological errors cast doubt on the validity of the claims that have been attributed to the mall study within scholarly and legal arenas.”

[AnneFox7]

The abuse of patients who recover meories often includes abuse of a person who has been traumatized. EG. A woman who has been involved in a series of situations in which she is questioning her sexuality comes in contact with a lesbian social worker. The unethical lesbian has the individual move into her home and she finds happiness having experienced series of traumatic recounting of severe sexual abuse denied closure in the workshop setting. ELLEN BASS MSW+LAURA DAVIS=The Courage to Heal

[AnneFox7]

@AnneFox7 Issues =prostitution, sexual assault, date rape, marital sexual abuse, degrading encounters-multiple partners, LGTQ experimentation or approaches, sado masochism, fetishes/porn addiction, shame or guilt associated with experiences, abortions, rejection or emotional and psychological trauma, illness such as sexually transmitted disease, bullying racism, internalization of racism. Any matter which is not or can not be accepted by the therapist as traumatic& confusing can be transferred.

[ManFromMelbourne]

Wonder how much the c.i.a is paying this Loftus fraud to spread her bullshit?

[thibs44]

@ManFromMelbourne what are you smoking, my friend?

[stopritualabuse]

@specificskin (cont.) It is very unlikely in real life that anyone would encounter these circumstances. Loftus' work does not prove that traumatic memories can be implanted.

[stopritualabuse]

@specificskin The problem with the Sharman-Scoboria study is that the experimenters used a strong, repetitive way to influence their subjects memories, included repeated visualizations over a period of several minutes while being read sentences describing the main part of the event. Even with this overt method used by the experimenters, the subjects’ memories of low plausibility events only showed a small increase from pretest to posttest.

[stopritualabuse]

More quotes from the Hart - Schooler study:

"....very little evidence was found that providing details regarding the nature of the procedure enhanced people’s beliefs that they had experienced it."

"....Indeed, receiving schematic information actually decreased

participants’ estimates of the degree to which they recalled having received an enema."

[specificskin]

@stopritualabuse Ah, I'm sorry, I posted the wrong citation. I got confused because there are only so many studies planting false enema memories. However, it is worth pointing out that the things you are quoting only pertain to whether or not giving prevalance and schematic information doesn't increase the likelihood of false memories in the study. They were still able to increase subjects' confidence that the enema had in fact happened to them. (...cont'd)

[specificskin]

...The study I was thinking of and meant to cite (Sharman, S. J., Scorboria, A. (2009). Imagination equally influences false memories of high and low plausibility events. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 23, 813-827.) does actually plant full false memories of enemas and other highly implausible events. Also worth nothing that many studies have planted memories of traumatic/improbably childhood events...impossible events...there is decades of literature on full, rich false childhood memories.

[AnneFox7]

@specificskin If for example it is unacceptable to have a sense of loss or grief and a believe that a child has been lost after an abortion to a therapist. She may transfer trauma to a politically acceptable issue (most likely a trend in diagnosis or funded foray) in which she can create an out for the patient involved in a recent traumatic late term abortion. Many therapists believe the truth is highly over-rated and they condemn patients to a life-time of denial/ dependency or pharma.

[VenusFreedom777]

how many people reading this remember being lost in a mall when young?? whether real or imagined?

[nspeert]

Being lost in a mall at a young age is an emotionally charged event, I wonder if part of the reason that such a thing can be implanted as a false memory is because of this. It would be interesting to see if non-emotional events are less easily falsely remembered.

[stopritualabuse]

Her research has been misapplied to traumatic memory. Traumatic memory is stored differently in the brain. Recovered memories have fairly high corroboration rates. see childabusewiki(dot)org and type in "recovered memories"

[meons]

@stopritualabuse

I see where you are coming from. I think there is a difference between the study of recovered memories, and the manipulation of memory - an area of study that Loftus' research appears most commonly associated with.

[meons]

I think a presupposed memory of "a painful enema" is quite different to being lost in a mall...

[koulea]

she is at my house right now lol

[RCScorch]

i watched this for my psych class!

[LoisLane98]

I love psychology, but it is hard! This is fascinating stuff.

[WillJ99999]

psychology class,... is the most confusing class i ever take!!

do anyone know where i can find more about this "lost in the mall" study?

[madeleinemahin]

Hm, thanks for the replies. I live in Norway, and here the psychoanalytic, or mostly the psychodynamic view is still quite strong.. I think almost 40 % of the students studying to become psychologists study in psychodynamic practise. I think that is strange..

[madeleinemahin]

I agree more with Loftus. I think it is strange that Freuds theory still stays so strong in psychology. I mean, it is strange that we still today believe that people can forget something as traumatic as abuse etc. One, you may not be thinking about it all the time, or maybe not at all, but that isn't the same thing as forgetting. Two, if it happened when you were less than one year old, how possible could anyone that young remember anything?

[Skiiohru]

Yes, but you should look at the research done by Linda Meyer Williams. The age is usually 6 years or younger not 1, and some of the women she interviewed 17 years after the abuse were under the age of 3 and remembered it clearly.

[Mrs190812]

Just wanted to point out that Fredu's theory is not strong at all in psychology today. Sure it's taught in psychology classes (usually introductory) but the type of Freudian/psychoanalytic appraoch to 'therapy' has received little empirical support and is not often used in psychological practice.

[stopritualabuse]

In general, much of the data on so call "false memories" has been misapplied or has been promoted by those with an agenda to protect those guilty of alleged crimes against children.

Those like Underwager, have been connected to statements that appear to apologize for pedophilia, or Freyd, who was accused of abusing his child.

[RAGSTAluvsDA90z]

if she put false memories and its been discoverd imagin the top secret societies or the c.i.a or fbi etc etc they are the one who blew the 9/11 towers and fed lies sub consciously through the peoples mind and the proofs all over the net on who did it.

[Mrs190812]

'subconscious' or subliminal messages is a true phenomenon but it is not a powerful medium to implant a false memory. At best, subliminal messaging may increase your likelihood of buying a soda. suggestive, yes. powerful, no.

[stopritualabuse]

See ritualabuse(dot)us(backslash)r­esearch

There are significant flaws in Loftus Lost in the Mall study. A similar study by Pezdek in 1995 found that while researchers were able to duplicate the lost in the mall results with 15% of their subjects, none of the study participants accepted an erroneous memory that they had received a painful enema as a child. Crook states the studys application to therapy situations appears to be limited to a narrowly defined and perhaps even unlikely situation

[thibs44]

Still, Loftus's entire program of research is compelling. The conclusion that people are capable of reporting something that never happened (because of memory's malleability) is on very solid scientific ground.

[stopritualabuse]

I would disagree. Her research has been heavily critiqued at this point as well as conclusively shown to be misappplied to traumatic memory.

[Renskex]

That was because the enema was an implausible event, as opposed to the being lost memory (plausible).

[specificskin]

@stopritualabuse A later study succeeded in planting false enema memories, FYI.

(Hart, R. E., Schooler, J.W. (2006). Increasing belief in the experience of an invasive procedure that never happened: The role of plausibility and schematicity. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 20, 661-669.)

[stopritualabuse]

This is a misintepretation of the study. Quotes from the study:

"Interestingly, the plausibility information increased participants’ confidence that they had experienced receiving an enema, even though it did not influence their reported memories of the event."

"plausibility failed to increase people’s actual recall of the enema procedure"

[EggVillain]

@stopritualabuse But the study by Pezdek & Finger (1997) was also comparing whether or not someone would believe a more implausible event over a plausible event. I think about 14 people had some form of memory of being lost in the mall, and only like 1 person actually believed in getting an enema. Which basically suggests that for someone to believe in a false event, it typically needs to be plausible as well.

[AnneFox7]

@EggVillain Events surrounding the issue are a political landmine for the therapist. Dependence on several of these techniques permits them to steer a person away from the genuine trauma to that acceptable to the therapist. For example when the medical director of residential schools told Duncan Campbell Scott (1910) Minister of the Interior children were dying 50% rate in residential schools. He was driven from his post. Chronic LEGAL ABUSE SYNDROME. (PTSD) is caused by continuing cover ups.

[stsixtus420]

@stopritualabuse

The point is not that we can manipulate someone into believing a false memory of any occurrence. If you read her later work, she states that the major impact of such research (including Kathy Pezdek's work) is that it is highly UNLIKELY that people can retrieve repressed memories of childhood abuse (sexual or otherwise). Many psychological phenomenon (e.g., valence enhancement in memory, flashbulb memories, methods of recovering repressed memories) all argue against it.

[stopritualabuse]

Actually, the research clearly shows that it is very likely that someone can retrieve an accurate memory of child abuse, including sexual abuse. Search for "110 Corroborated Cases of Recovered Memory" and "childabusewiki recovered memory " for scientific evidence.

[AnneFox7]

@stopritualabuse Of course children can "retrieve" these memories but without the need for hypnosis, dream interpretation, and of course without relaxation exercises and other methods for implanting memories ( probing, Reid Questioning Technique play one off against the other, good cop bad cop, requesting heroism, stories of heroism, suggestion or threat, drugging.) They are asked they tell. They do not so much "retrieve" them as they are now heard. Most often, they have told before.

[AnneFox7]

@AnneFox7 In many cases the issue is that the individuals receiving the complaints have in co-operation with offenders covered up abuse of the child. Most often done by Alberta Children's services affiliates since 1942. Members of the "protective"services in child welfare are aware of abuse reported to both them the local police or the RCMP and the many others involved. They cover for offenders by pretending the child is mentally ill. They track and blame victims not their offenders.