Added: 2 years ago
From: TATTOOTRAINING
Views: 94,292
Sort by time | Sort by thread (beta)

Link to this comment:

Share to:

All Comments (190)

Sign In or Sign Up now to post a comment!
  • Wow, this helps like a million and one percent. Seriously. Thank you for posting this.

  • hey, great video!

    i have some questions.

    in 25 %, that means that you have to put 25% of black ink and 75% of destile water?

    i don't really understand, tanks ;)

  • why cant u use w cutback?

  • @casetrls well you can use the darkest values but in general cutback shading is done with a drawing ink like pelican that is %60 value of a black black ink  and a 50-50 wash , the lighter values in a wash set wont gel with a cut back cuz it runs so fast you use fast hand movement thus to get saturation without overworking it you need darker values

  • @tattootraining yes i have they teach u all wrong , maybe u cAN HELP ME OUT ON QUESTIONS I HAVE

  • @edgarsanchez1904 c my video up;load list and pm any questions

  • what is da best tattoo ink da darkers black for tattoos?

  • @edgarsanchez1904 i see you are watching many fucked up videos and are getting bad info , i dont care to help if your going to listen to others who are hurting you . first see the other videos about black inks i have as well as everything you need

  • @TATTOOTRAINING Alright thanks that helps alot!

  • I havnt been doing tattoos that long im learning little by little im at the part where i want to learn how to do light shades like fading out, Im about to buy haiiro system grey wash set contains 1,2,3,4 what do i need in order to do light shades, what voltage do i set up my shader?

  • @PDawgLocz ok well that wash set up is fine same as i have in this vid , you want some mags like 7 and 13 with #10 needle the washes and the thinner needles are key. as for voltage that is dependent on the tension of the springs . do not listen to any fool that says to use X amount of volts . you want to have .018 springs with proper tension 400gram range . see my machine videos . forget ALL THE READOUT BS OF POWER UNITES LEARN TO READ THE MACHINE NOT A POWER SUPPLY

  • just buy greywash system... tattoo artist charge $100 an hour - how cheap they are

  • @ggekkoify you can just go and buy a set , but some are only 3 value or made with shot ink in china . a 5 value system like silverback is ideal however they wont sell to anyone but a shop. so it doesnt matter if it is only 50 bucks you cant get it , but you can make your own if you have a solide black lining ink . and its cheap .

  • can you use "practice skin" to test the shading effects?

  • @wickedbuddha34 sorta it doesnt give you a true value but close . your leg is a good place

  • @TATTOOTRAINING ok, good. what about buying pre mixed gray wash verses mixing your own.. btw. i'm learning alot from your videos. THANKS!!!

  • @wickedbuddha34  sure if you want , this is just showing how they do it with 5 bucks worth of materials

  • where can i get the witch haze?.. i use water, but the rednes is annoying

  • @TheBlodstrupmo1 drug store by the rubbing alcohol.

  • I'm learning how be a tattoo artist bt the ppl here dnt teach yu nothing or they over price on a apprenticeship I'm gettin sick of gettin rip off I wanna learn how mix tattoo ink and do I have to mkx the black tattoo also??

  • @mrtatttedup23  mix black ? only to make greywash see my black ink video

  • ??

  • @RubenRedd watch the redo video the link is in red 

  • so complicated!

    Theres 30ml to an oz of liquid..using syringe add

    7.5ml of ink then rest solution=25%

    3.75ml of ink then rest soluttion=12.5%

    1.8ml of ink then rest solution=6%

    0.9ml of ink then rest soltion=3%

    personaly i would have a higher ink content for the 1st cut coming of the true black maybe a 35%-40% of ink to bridge the gap from true black..

  • @ljwartuk did you see the link at the beginning to the other video that re explains it ? :14 there is a %50 VALUE then 25-15-6-3 , yes you need a dark value to come off the black 

  • Hi any way you cans end me these instructions? they are hard to read at the end, Thanks for the awesome video!!!

    

  • @btefan182 uh actually i am going to remake this in a way thats easy to understand , ill try to post it by tonight

  • First of I wanted to thank you guys for all the Educational tatooing videos you have provided for us...Do you always have to use witch hazel in order to dilute/mix the ink? I usually use Tribal black ink and mix it with water and has work fine, I was wondering whats the difference between mixing it with water and witch hazel? Is there a disadvantage or advantage by using either one of those methods?? Thank you...

  • @thisisa211 you can use distilled water , it is the same , i use hazel for washes because it reduced redness

  • @TATTOOTRAINING ...... I would think it would have a burning feeling , where the water will not ...

  • @TattooBull nope

  • hey thanks for gettin back at me bub works great,

  • i heard people use diluted water,witch hazel,and glycerin for washes..whats better to use?

  • @1BrownPrideSurenos3 i will be redoing this video and covering other types of uses of ink for B&G shading ,i will cover how thous things are used , but as for DILUTING the ink that is done with witch hazel glycerin is used as a suspension element and over use can be counterproductive , too much like prism inbk makes the needle pass threu the ink without sticking to it see my black ink video , ,

  • thank u!

  • Hi.....so achieving these tones of grey with  certain needle depth, staying on the surface and avoid bleeding, adjusting the power supply can control these depths?...lets say a portrait

  • @MrJohnnyINK by staying on the surface you mean dont etch the bone? i mean you want it in solid so you dont have to go over and over , bleeding is more going to come from a bad needle or over working , just set the tip at a nickle and use the proper value as needed . voltage is to control the hit , for shading that usually just as the a bar starts to tap the coil , but the bug pin needles, wash values and a 3.5 stroke are key to smooth portrait greys

  • I believe kuro sumi 'grey wash is 50% and the 'soft grey wash is at 25% but I used the grey wash at 50% to make this system and r very happy with it! It's truely a blessing, in a craft where every one has a opinion, we can b certain with tattootraining!

  • Probably a stupid question, but i'm curious. What happens (or doesn't) if you were to use greywash with a cutback shader?

    Thanks.

  • @pg1437 doesnt is the key word , a cutback is a fast ass machine using washes or watered down ink with a shallow fast machine would require you to hamburger the hell to get it to show and it would just bleed out ,

    have you seen angelos or joshes cutback shading videos ?

  • so at what % do u think is kuro sumi graywash? i think alot of people think that the ink they buy is just gonna do the work for them, its very cool to see people helping others keep it up bub, and thanks

  • @bryan27322 dont quote me but i believe it is %50 of the liner ink , you still have to cut it to make greys but just as i do i cut the black in half first , so if you think about it you pay the same for half of it , as for the ink doing it for them well no , but the reason i suggest learning with washes is to learn how to use the different values and what you can do with each level , if one has the funds you can just get the silverback set others only have 3 values and that not enough

  • ok, so here's my question....

    since im gunna do it with kuro sumi grey, you said to start at second step..

    since kuro sumi grey is already 50%, do i fill the 2oz. bottle to the top

    only using grey, and continue to pour it into the 4oz. bottle with the witch hazel mix.

    and so on????

    thanks.

  • @phleshR2FK U have %50 with thekuro grey ,, i really need to reexplain this video , if you start with 1, 4oz bottle and 3, 2oz bottles. 1st the 4oz bottle is half full (for you with %50greywash) then top off ( = %25) then pour it into a 2oz. that leaves the 4oz half full of %25 and when you top it off it will be %12 , pour that into a 2oz mark it then top it off again (%6) pour into 2oz bottle mark it . top off 4 oz (%3) probably better way than how i explained it in the video

  • @TATTOOTRAINING yeah, thats better...thanks for your time and support....

  • @TATTOOTRAINING so i wanted to know if you can help me out with this...(again)

    so i have this black ink i bought but its too thick to line with.....will breaking it down 50%

    with witch hazel make it usable for lining? or how can i make it work to line with...

    thanks..

  • @phleshR2FK NO IF YOU CUT IT IT WILL NOT BE DARK IT WILL BE %50 AND YOU DONT WANT THAT

    THE THICK SHIT IS FOR FILLING NOT LINES OR SHADING YOU NEED LINER INK ILL PM YOU

  • @TATTOOTRAINING can i use the blue automotive napkins to be wiping down the tattoo...since theyre thicker than regular ones i thought it be better to use those......

  • @phleshR2FK yes i have used the scotts shop towels and so do many artist they are strong and dont have any lint 

  • i've got a really big tribal design for my chest arm and stomach, the inside is all greywashed but such its such a big desiign and will take a lot of hours so all the shading i'd rather do myself to save cost and to add a bit of personal achievement to it, i've seen tattoo kits ranging from like $80 which i assume is the electrical equivalent of a hammer, squid and needle up to a few grand, i was just wondering if you could point me in the direction of a kit or gun suited for my job

  • @heymikenadam well most kits are pure shit a 80 dollar kit will be a nightmare ,, go to ITS, international tattoo supply .....they have solid machines that run an average of 50 bucks 4 stainless steel or iron . you will ned to tune then a bit but i have all that info covered, i have a link for a good power unite on th epsu video disposable tubes and needles can be had at needlejig

  • this is bullshit why not have a little empty bottle with half watter and half witch hazel and just pur some of that into the ink cups u gonna use this is all a dirty mess

  • thank you so much for your help, man. I will try it with my talons. Are there any colored lining inks???

  • @MERIN213 no if you mean for colored lined use starbright ink it is on the thin side easy flowing .

  • My grey wash of 3% has small black dirt looking particles that aren't absorbing into the witch hazel. So like, if you poor the dilution into a styrofoam cup then pour it back out, it leaves a residue as described above. Have you heard of this happening before, is this bad?

  • @malcolmtemporary as it becomes more diluted you can see some of large particles , but was the ink you used a coloring black or liner black what ink was it ?

  • @TATTOOTRAINING The brand of ink I used was "Prism" colours, a Superior brand. I had two blacks to choose from, "black" and "tribal" black". I used "black" becuase in was thinner less syrupy than the tribal. I understand these our ridiculous inks but I just thought I'd experiment with the blacks before I throw them away. I am assuming from the video Kuro Sumi is the brand you recomend to use.

  • @malcolmtemporary yes prism is shit because of all the glycerin they add , toooo oily the needle passes thru without picking up ink. not what you want to use when making a wash , the regular black is better as you said it is thinner , i have actually used a set of prism let it sit a couple weeks and pour out extra oil off the top .

  • is kuro sumi soft graywash 25 percent?

  • @MrJohnnyINK  %50

  • Only one question. I have seen the 3 shade grey wash set from eternal. I have never used it and was thinking of making my own with my kurosumi lining ink. Would you perfer a 3% 6 % 12% set would be about what the eternal is?

  • @atmdc , as far as values i dont know it could be 3 12 24 i suggest 3 6 12 24 50 so you can learn the full range and what you can use it on

  • does this same grey wash making technique apply if your using Talons? or do you have to use Kuro sumi?

  • @MERIN213 talons is a drawing ink it is allready thinner than kuro so just skip the first step of cutting it in half

    same goes for kuro greywash

  • does this same grey wash making technique apply if your using Talons? or do you have to use Kuro sumi?

  • This is the best most accurate shading system iv ever used the difference in my shading work is night and day don't know how to thank you enough

  • hey! i have a queation?

    can i mixing water with Intenz ink? just like u show on video?

  • @1youngfreddy2007 dont it is coloring ink , lining ink is all the same it is just carbon black and water , you need liner ink anyway and should have some . all you need is 4 oz to make a full set of washes . you dont fill in black areas with black liner ink and you dont shade with black coloring ink . you dont outline with coloring ink cuz it is thick and wont flow well, coloring inks have allot of additives like glycerin and it will separate in the cap when you dilute it.

  • Besides these washes, what would u reccoment buying out of like, silverback, eternal, alla prima, etc....?

  • @ArtisticFate the point of this video is to learn how to make it your self , this is basically how they are all done , depending on the type of ink they use it may be hard or soft ( meaning grey or black ) if you follow this carfully and measure it all out proper you will have 5 values to work with for a few bucks in ink and bottles . now this is grey wash system . i have not used any of the others .

  • @TATTOOTRAINING 5 Values!? I only saw 4 values/bottles being produced ( 25%.12%, 6%, & 3%)

  • @malcolmtemporary the 50 is the kuro cut in half it was the first step , may be tooo dark for some i use a drawing ink for this value

  • I have a question can you use rubbing alchohol for shading?

  • @BigJohn19914 to use to cut the washes ? no that irritating as hell and make the skin red , you want to use witch hazel because it cools the skin reduces the red , red skin is hard to tell the real value of the shading . use distilled water or WH to create the values , WH has a small amount of alcoholic in it anyway

  • @tattoo training, i have a 12oz eternal triple black , can i do the same system as the video? and i have a question , when i use this particular ink for shading on tribal tattoos, when it heals it does'nt look dark enough, im talking about triple black it should be super dark when it heals but for some reason it doesnt i hope you can help me with that! thank you

  • hey bro, how can i do a system with kuro sumi graywash shading ink?, this is with outlining right?

  • @CartelAzteKa yes just skip the first step ,, kuro grey wash is just cut to %50 with witch hazel for the same price , so you payed for half a bottle of ink . so just skip to 1:15 in the process

  • wht other liquid besides witch hazel can i use? i dont know where to find witch hazel thats why i asked!! help me out please!!! thnks... 

  • wht other liquid besides witch hazel can i use? i dont know where to find witch hazel thats why i asked!! help me out please!!! thnks...

  • @asjams  distilled water

  • @asjams How can you not find Witch Hazel?

  • @malcolmtemporary it seems it is an american product many in the uk dont have it , its just a herbal extract mixed with water and alcohol , it is sold next to the alcoholic the pharmacy distilled water is just as good

  • wht other liquid besides witch hazel can i use? i dont know where to find witch hazel thats why i asked!! help me out please!!! thnks...

  • wht other liquid besides witch hazel can i use? i dont know where to find witch hazel thats why i asked!! help me out please!!! thnks... 

  • wht other liquid besides witch hazel can i use? i dont know where to find witch hazel thats why i asked!! help me out please!!! thnks...

  • wht other liquid besides witch hazel can i use? i dont know where to find witch hazel thats why i asked!! help me out please!!! thnks...

  • wht other liquid besides witch hazel can i use? i dont know where to find witch hazel thats why i asked!! help me out please!!! thnks... 

  • wht other liquid besides witch hazel  can i use? i dont know where to find witch hazel thats why i asked!! help me out please!!! thnks...

  • Dude i just really wanted to say thanks. Ur doing a great job and thanks alot man. Im currently 15 years of age and apprenticed by my uncle who works in a nearby shop. And still, ur videos help.

  • classic you use a fake title to let people see you marking yourself up , my go d is right

  • Hello Friend... this vid really help me out. Now i need your opinion..

    In my country, its kinda difficult to find witch hazel.. so i mix it with glycerine, propylene glycol and alcohol ( its written medical grade ) .. as for the black i use eternal triple black and i thinning it down from dark, medium to light wash.. what i want to ask is.. about the chemical that i use above .. is it ok ??

    ps. i'm sorry for my poor english ..

    thanks

  • @8888windu  WTF ! why dont you just spit in it while your at it. who the hell told you to put that shit in there ? use distilled water ,

  • So this system works as good as the silverback or holysmoke system?

  • @ATCMusicka yes it is all about consistent values and the more the better .

  • hi what type of lining ink do you use?

  • @kittysparkleeyes watch video see the white kuro sumi bottle ?

  • i got some witch hazel this works perfect as long as you follow it exact cool thanks

  • which witch hazel you use for grey wash?

  • @jennzibit they are basically the same the brand is not important , what is important is that you measure out all amounts . i eyeball %50 in some of the bottles in the video but you should measure out all inks, WH and washes.

  • when you done your first tattoo was you a scratcher?

  • @Sirjimmyb1 no , a scratcher is a term i use for unprofessional people. it is a state of mind. no excuse for unsanitary practices. i was naive about how important art training was and though you just learn how the machine works and go . this mindsets is common, tattoo artist is a ARTIST who uses a tattoo machine , many tattoo artist are not artist and many who are artist dont understand the machine, and sometime they are neither nor a professional. be all of these and you will be successful.

  • Again if you are in the UK, Morrisons supermarket sells it for between 50p and £1 for two to three good size pieces . Or just ask a local butcher, it is sold to make cracklin and is called pork rhind I think

  • Witch Hazel is available in any UK high street chemist for about £1- £1.50 for a 200ml bottle, I find it easier to get five large ink caps (14ml) and put one drop of liner ink in each one and then one drop of witch hazel in the first cap and just keep doubling with the witch hazel( ie? 2,4,8,16) for the remaining four caps, it saves you having spare bottles or making loads at a time, I would also recommend buying some pig skin to practice on instead of your own leg as was suggested .

  • i wanna know what is withch heysel liquid what excatly it is???

  • @MrHitman1959 it is a product that contains a herbal extract from a plant called which hazel that reduces swelling and redness, it is mixed with water and alcohol.

  • @TATTOOTRAINING thanks a lot for your information but where can i find this product ???

  • @MrHitman1959 if your in America it is in any drug store pharmacy next to the alcohol , many people in Europe dont have it around ,

  • Comment removed

  • Comment removed

  • hey thanks for the feed back and i know bro i got a tatto gun all ready and the nedles that i use are 1rl 3rl 3rs 5rs what size of magnum u will recomed and whats best a disposoble nozzle or the steel ones and i know im relly clen whit that. gloves and soap i have a room that i only use for that everything i got that down thanks again

  • @21mrq  barbacide? seranae wrap ? pressure cooker?

  • why witch hazel?

  • @blimblimable it is made of a alcohol /water and witch hazel extract that reduces redness. redness is bad when judging shading

  • hey i being tattoin for 5 years but i started in jail most of the tome we use home made ink but now i want to know what brand of ink is good for outlinin and what for color tattos

  • @21mrq  to start with you need to get real with this it is not jailhouse . learn how to be sterile . get a real machine and use real ink . any outlining ink will work . for color . use eternal . but first do your homework and be clean

  • hey 1 being tattoing for 5 years now i know is not much i learn on jail so i dont know much nabout this whas think what brand of ink u will recomend to use

  • @21mrq first off, this video isnt intended for jail scratchers, learn machine basics, help yourself to a BBP class, and some basic ideas of sterilization before anyone recommends a brand for you. Not that you would get a good product anyways, since most of the pro tattoo websites require you work at an established shop.

  • is that distilled witch hazel?

  • what a fucked up video

  • @isdakongsupot how so ?

  • ok if the same ink company has turbo black and tribal black and outlining black ect... whats the difference? and witchhazel in germany? still trying to find a translation im stuck with distilled water till then hope thats ok :) or anyone know some better remedies?

  • Great tutorial exept from were the third and fourth bottle is supposed to go down to 6 and 3% by pouring out half of them and fill them up with witch hazel. They are gonna be 12 % every one of them as far as I can see? Or did I miss something?

  • @chrizsterk  no i may have not made it clear with the last one to fill it remove half top it off and so on but you see what imm doing , i plan on remaking allot of the videos to clarify things i may have missed

  • great video,as an ink slinger myself i have always used distilled water,but iam gonna give the witch hazel a try,cant wait to mix it up tonight!!!!

  • best greywash tutorial on the net.

  • @bigboysal1 why would you want to thin color out ? unless you were doing a wash and want it to be transparent so you can see undershading josh carlton style , then you just do a slight dip in the water cup to thin it

    glycerin is to suspend pigments and makes it thicker

  • some people claim you dont have to shake the kuro sumi ink bottle before you pour it others say you do? I'll take your opinion if you would

  • @MaggotTaco kuro is not true sumi it is only carbon black and witch hazel . carbon black is soot and though it is a very fine particle size it can settle if not used regularly . pelican ink is a larger particle size and is more prone to settling and must be shaken often . so the answer depends on the use . in a shop bottles are handled all the time but if your handling a bottle less often than it cant hurt

  • thank you that makes sense awesome videos you have

  • Thank you for answering my questions. Your videos are the best.

  • Yes sir it is Kuro Simi.

  • @MrPanchoPanteras

    i didnt know that stuff has been out long enough to expire , then again i have ink that is 7 years old being that its not milk its ink so it is fine

  • @MrPanchoPanteras if it were some generic brand then i wouldn't use it if its a good brand it will be good for years

  • The ink is the that you used on your gray wash video.

  • @MrPanchoPanteras

    kuro sumi ?

  • Great video I've just tried this method haven't got it down perfect but I'll keep trying. Quick question I'm practicing on grape fruit. Is expired ink harfull on people? Or is it that if apply to the skin it won't stay in?

  • @MrPanchoPanteras

    id be more concerned on the brand

  • whatever...im happy buying premixed outline and greywash inks

  • @QUINNTHEPOTHEAD and ?.... some are happy buying 300.00 machines , this is only a how to so if someone wanted to they can make a wash with the lining ink they allready have.

  • yeah , i was just saying...but what do you mean about 300dollar machines? how much were your machines?

  • Comment removed

  • Comment removed

  • I have 5 machines of various cost...would you consider building one for me? or just a frame?

  • @QUINNTHEPOTHEAD

    no i wont but i will be happy to show you how to build a custom machine for 50.00 or less as good as any 300.00 machine

  • hey hello what is witch hazel ?

    is that a kind of oill or water?

  • @BuschTukkerMan

    it is a extract mixed with water and alcohol to reduce redness , in the pharmacy

  • As a tattoo artist. This is a great video. I've seen a lot of unsafe ways to make grey wash ink. If you don't like pre-mixed grey wash ink in bottles. Use this method to make your own. DO NOT USE GLYCERINE LYCOL like some people say to use. It's toxicity is low. But still not low enough. Witch Hazel is good.

  • @XxViolentByDesignxX

    i was just asked yesterday about glycerin , I HAVE NEVER HEARD OF SUCH A STUPID ASS THING who is saying to do this? glycerin is used to help suspend pigment in color inks how is it possibly going to make a wash?

  • Yes, Glycerin is also used to make cake frosting. I've also heard of people using 100 proof Vodka...Stupid.

  • hey man, how come its not to be used with cutback shaders?

  • @naturalherb

    because that machine lays down a different type of shading , undershading or general shading that is not needed to be real soft or smooth . the ink for that is a 50% value like talenz or peliken (or kuro cut 50-50) way darker than grey wash

  • very nice i did my greywash set today and cant wait to try them thank you

  • hello i want to ask you something about these ink?

    is it the same ink that you also use for writing, i know it need to be steriel but is the same?

  • @BuschTukkerMan liner ink such as kuro sumi, is a bit darker than drawing inks and there is usable drawing ink and other that are not usable. pelikan # 17 is usable but they stopped making it in large bottle and there is talenz both are about 50% lighter than tattoo liner ink like kuro . dont use ANY other drawing ink , india ink contains chemical to make it waterproof. when i show you to cut it to the initial 50% to make a new base im getting it to a level equal to a drawing ink like talez

  • you say pour out. do you throw it away?

  • @pulquedelmejor ..... yes , if possible mark your bottles with one ounce marks and use a metered syringe to top off exactly. pour out to half mark and top off ,

  • thanks bro it is really helpfull

  • ive tried this method and it was a success.... well not fully successful. my 50%-12% are mixed awesome but my 6% and 3% are avoiding each other like you see how oil and water looks like inside of a bottle. ive used kuro outlining ink and whitchazel (14% alcohol) did i do anything wrong? i mean i wasnt high mixing them i was totally sober!

    someone help!!

  • @sickness if you said 50-12-6-3 what happened to 25% ? when you very first cut the liner ink 50-50 THAT is your new base (100%)

    THAT ink is used 50-50 to make the 50% and that is cut 50-50 to make 25%, the 25% is cut 50-50 to make 12% and so on.. .. 50% if too dark for any shading it actual is as dark as pelican drawing ink. even the 25% is very dark .

    so by what you said you missed something you shouldnt have a 50% and you dont have a 25%

  • can i use witch hazel to make any colors light too ?

  • no cutting or watering down colors will not lighten then, in fact never do it as a washed out color will not lay down and you will chew em up trying to make it show up.

    you can however use white ink to achieve a lighter color

  • What is the difference between using witchazel and distilled water? Which one is better to use?

  • none,... WH aids redness

  • Thanks alot for making this, i really apprediate the video, helped me out alot and getting much better results.... i was using the dip method...with this method my grey shading tones are much more consistant....good job..cheers dude....Cookee

  • Can I mix the black color with just distilled water? thanks

  • yes

  • lol i say make another vid but just put black tape on the label. im sure most of us can i.d. it anyway :).

    question!!

    so if i use the shader ink, it should be at 50% right off the bat no??

  • put black tape on what ?

    shader ink ? as in kuro greywash ? yes, it is just kuro liner ink cut to 50%.

  • nice. kool thanx ! !

  • Silverback Ink is protected under a United States Registered Trademark. You are infringing upon that trademark.

    There is NO comparison between what you show in your video and our product.

    If you did not mention my companny/ product by name, we would not be writing to you.

    Again, I am asking you to remove this video and description containing my company name (Silverback Ink) from YouTube's content.

    Regards,

    Randy