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From: sixtysymbols
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  • 04:47 to skip to the science part

  • Disappointed when I heard that they called them 1, 2, 3 and 4 in the 'serious' version of their paper. Since they only ever seem to be used as subscripts and so not easily confused with other uses of these letters, I would have been sneaky and used ι, π, γ and ρ. (First letters of John, Paul, George and Ringo in Greek!)

  • these guys have contributed more to the world than the Beatles have, why should they have any place in the professional world?

  • 30 hits of LSD is related...

  • Math isn't always elegant

  • Comment removed

  • do a video on nassim haramein imo. good or bad. w/e u think he deserves.

  • Why didn't they just use Hj in place of Hjohn etc?

  • wait a minute, isn't gravity working at the speed of light? How can an exchange of particles work at this rate?

  • @PainSurgeon "Virtual" particles...they are just descriptors of the effect

  • @PainSurgeon The gravitons travel at the speed of light too.

  • because we're a fun group

  • Man, Prof. Copeland has a really soothing voice, anyone else think that?

  • @xeroaxlvx I've thought that too. He's calm and patient in his thoughts, but you can tell he loves his work and his enthusiasm comes through in the way it should....knowledgeable awe at the dynamics of the world...

  • i totally understand why they did this fab 4 thing!... whyyyy are people so uptight?

    i think it is sooo cool that u take something so academic and have a little light joke tough to it :)

  • Is vacuum energy density constant despite the expansion of the universe?

  • "If you dont enjoy your work, go and do something else!" Brilliant...

  • @motionapplied I'm not susceptible to your bullshit, but thanks for trying.

  • More money for science, less money for war.

  • What is the difference between vacuum energy and dark energy?

  • The Beatles' "limited contribution to cosmology", hahahahah

  • Where did this guy's chin go??

  • 666 likes

  • Love your videos! Wish I had seen this channel earlier. Ended up watching your videos for hours on end. Who is the first speaker on the video? I find him to be the most interesting and enthusiastic out of all the physicists haha

  • 07:18 I'm very interested in the exchange of particles concept, so does the graviton goes forever or does it loop back, and does strong gravity means more gravitons or stronger (higher frequency) ones

  • Giving them such names can help talking about them if you can relate the term to their names for some certain reason. You can get used to remembering the numbers but it's harder and messier.

    Personally I'd set them to L(j,p,g,r) knowing what they meant but oh well. (yes that's not an L but I dunno what symbol it is).

  • fap four and vacuum

  • Well, I suppose the next thing to make is a video about virtual particles and explaining what they are :P

  • why didn't i discover this channel earlier?!?

  • Awww, I didn't fully understand this one. :(

    This is as far as my physics comprehension goes. But thank you very much, you made it terribly clear, it's just I'm just an amateur fan of physics :P

  • Nobel Prize around the corner?

  • Next video please:(

  • It's your work, name it what you want, just keep it civil so it can be taught comfortably in school some day :)

  • Seems like a pretty important dicovery. Congratulations from a long time fan :)

  • Virtual particles has always been an idea that bothers me. I've got no idea what the heck they're supposed to be. If gravity is supposed to attract all mass together, am I sitting here pumping out an infinite quantity of gravitrons that are flying off to hit my desk, or the moon, or an alien golf ball in Ursa Minor?

    OK well not infinite, but a stupendous number, considering all the bits of matter in the universe I'm supposedly attracting. I don't get how that's supposed to work.

  • Could you make a video on non-newtonian fluids please?

  • Well someone doesn't like the beatles................(the editor)

  • 05:49 is epic.

    Could you make a video on gravitational waves?

  • I would have argued for the inclusion of the Beatles' names by saying that "Across the Universe" was the first song ever to be transmitted into deep space.

    Very interesting stuff, though.

  • "the space itself is getting bigger" in relation to what?

  • @dstdvl portion to matter

  • @dstdvl It's just getting bigger. If you travel between two points now and do it again later, you'll have to travel further later. Not by much unless you're going a long way.

  • they're a fung-roop.

  • GOOFBALLS!

  • 04:15 I could not agree more.

    After all is not the whole of science a bit of a joke - struggling for your life to find out the 'truth' only to be trumped after your death by a new discovery .

    I would look to publish in another paper - one perhaps that is less curmudgeonly...

  • "... and out popped the fab four." Yeah, right, you probably stayed up all night doing math!

  • Guys, stick with physics and science, don't do this again.

  • Quark? Like from Finnegan's Wake? Phaw, rejected!

  • close zoom to faces is pretty annoying.

  • @525047 More like another paper trying to explain reality from a set of basic rules. Perhaps it will and perhaps it won't. This is why you publish it and ask others to rip holes into it.  If no-one can find any flaws, then we have progress.

    By definition all things created by people are self-centered. So thats a meaningless characterization.

  • ps gravitons ftw

  • umm fuck the beatles, wolf gang!

  • Three quarks for Muster Mark! if james joyce can be referenced as a scientific term why not the beatles.

  • For anybody who believes we have freedom of speech in Britain

    should really watch this video of the "official court papers"

    from the crown court case that lead to me being the....

    "First ever british poet" to be given a "5 year rap & poetry ban"

    all for standing up against someone in my family who disowned my

    daughter due to the colour of her skin. (Video on my page)

    #SuperInjunction

    "Donhonki" "First ever crown court BANNED UK rap-poet" (2009-2014)

  • That's some job.......Searching for answers across the universe, incorporating The Beatles into your hypothesis, and getting paid for it.........That ain't workin, that's the way you do it.

  • science starts at 4:47

  • How sad and shy he became in the end whilst saying his last sentence of the video.

  • How did particle physics get away with charm/strange?

  • @Gameboygenius And color charge? :D

  • @Gameboygenius Well, everyone listened to Hawkwind at the time.

  • @Gameboygenius It was the sixties.

  • 1/137.035999074(44) much ?

  • I'm glad I stayed out of physics, for the most part, I don't know if I could deal with that much math. I think I'll stick to basic statistics, and leave that kind of monster for the more mathematically inclined and talented to deal with. I'm still waiting for the models of biological systems, even if they'd put me right out of a job.

  • @sarcleaeolist lol. There's nothing basic about statistics. lol. ;). Oh, and I believe there are mathematical models of biological systems. I think I read that somewhere. They've formulated the math and were able to verify and predict the mechanisms behind the sexual selection of organisms (I'm sure among other things). They've been able to do this since the 1970's and the equations have been used in computer programs to further evolutionary theory.

  • 4:48 to skip to the science

  • "If you don't enjoy what you're doing, go and do something else..." I couldn't agree more. I love my job and couldn't imagine life any other way. Another great video Sixty Symbols! Thanks for the entertainment and education.

    (If anyone wants to know my AWESOME job, check out my page. I don't think you'll be disappointed...)

  • Hahaha, why not call them the Jesus proof or Holy ghost forces.

    Maybe some obscure paper could even name important science concepts; 'Alah proofs'. School kids would like to see that in text books for sure.

    You guys are such jokers, you really are, encouraging laughing at archives too.

    Here's an idea, why not name the general degradation of standards 'the Sixty Symbols phenomenon'.

    Then you would be really famous comedians.

    Then publish your theories on how this all differs from hubris too LOL.

  • @marsCubed great work BTW.

    Obviously dark energy acts on the universe in some ways.. I imagine that what you are doing is scoping that out in some way.

    Fascinating, I'm looking forward to reading more about how these ideas develop.

  • What's the professor called with smiley eyes like this ^ ^ ?

  • @rackslap If you mean the first professor that appeared on this video, his name is Ed Copeland.

  • There are plenty of examples of such "jokes" in scientific publications. The "penguin diagram" is a well known one. Science is important, but you can have a bit of fun as well. Too bad John, Paul, George and Ringo didn't get through.

  • The volume of this video is so low! I can't listen to anything in open doors, even wearing headphones!

  • I'm sorta confused as to how the red shift is factored into this. Are you saying that the universe is expanding DUE to the vacuum energy? Or just that the acceleration is due to the vacuum energy? I felt you were saying the 2nd one.

  • @DemiImp Correct me if I'm wrong, but I believe that the universe is expanding due to the big bang... that was a lot of energy being released.

  • @SSnor The big bang was the nickname given to the expansion of space in the universe. There wasn't energy being released, since the energy was always there. The "bang" was the sudden rapid expansion of space which allowed the energy to form particles, matter, and eventually galaxies.

  • Lucy in the sky with diamonds was the Beatles seminal piece on astrophysics.

  • Fab?

  • @giltine002 fabulous, i think

  • University wise ive just applied to cambridge, durham, nottingham and UCL, if i get into durham and nottingham but not cambridge, anyone want to have a go at convincing me to go to one or the other? input would be appreciated from all corners, cheers (i know posting here may encourage bias :P)

  • @888Xenon I've just started 1st year here at Nottingham and I can tell you that the campus is amazing! There are so many societies with great turn-out and excellent organising! Teaching is really good where in labs you have a demonstrator for every 7 people. There are also tutorials held every week with small groups per tutor. I live in county Durham and applied to the uni, but Notts was still my first choice because Durham is 'dotted' all over the city- Nottingham campus is awesome!!

  • they were stars. they are part of cosmology.,,

    

  • Just going by Newtonian mechanics, because this expansion is accellerating, should we not call the cause of the expansion a New Force (in Newtons), and not give it the label of Dark Energy (in Joules?)

  • @TeslaRifle Forces are caused by energy. (The negative gradient of potential energy).

  • What do you mean the Beatles didn't contribute to cosmology!? They wrote "Across the Universe", didn't they?

  • first 5min -boring

    all the rest -very interesting

    guess im in the minority here agreeing with the editor :)

  • @managarm1349 probably not the minority.....

  • Sounds Interesting Stuff, Good Luck...

  • @SuperFinGuy is it? Explain.

  • Physicists are reverse engineering the universe.

  • A bullet will continue to accelerate even after leaving the barrel of a gun. Could the same be true considering the Big Bang theory? Could everything still be accelerating from the blast before it begins to naturally slow down over time?

  • @toolshedjunky "A bullet will continue to accelerate even after leaving the barrel of a gun. " uh, it does?

  • @lejink Google and reddit think it doesn't actually. Except for a very short period immediately after leaving the barrel.

  • @toolshedjunky

    I am 99,9999% certain that a bullet does NOT accelerate after leaving the barrel. Where do you get this from? There is no more force (other than gravity and friction) working on the bullet, it is impossible for it to accelerate further.

  • @Surtak Well there's the gyrojet. Those rounds accelerate after leaving the barrel of the gun. Of course, they're rockets, so I don't think anyone who's interested in firearms would call them "bullets".

  • @sarcleaeolist

    Well no a bullet is just a piece of metal, it should have no means of propelling itself.

  • @Surtak I used speed traps at 5 feet, 20 feet and 50 feet to test the ballistics of a 45 auto round. The bullet was faster at 20 feet than it was at 5 feet. I was surprised as well. Results were the same after 3 tests.

  • @toolshedjunky

    First off, I'll assume you were firing horizontally in the earth's athmosphere :P

    Then, what could possible accelerate the bullet? I would imagine that at 5 feet there should be no driving force from the expanding gas anymore. What were your actual results and margins of error?

  • @Surtak I don't fully understand the results of the test, therefore I can not explain them to you. However, your welcome to replicate the test and study the results.

  • @toolshedjunky You know I've heard other people report that, specifically Army tests with speed traps while firing bullets from the M-16. It doesn't really make any sense. You can put a piece of paper 5 feet from the muzzle and the muzzle blast barely shakes the paper, you wonder how much pressure gas could possibly exert outside the barrel. I wonder if it's something to do with the way the traps measure speed.

  • All you need = ℒoνƐ

  • I have the same birthday as John Lennon. I celabrated it last sunday.

  • Best LIKE to DISLIKE ratio on all of YouTube.

  • Watching that video made me realise that YouTube for the first time gives the opprotunity to scientists to actually have FANS and a following, like the beatles only their songs look more like theories mathematics and overal; technological geekyness

  • I love you guys !!!

  • Wasn't there a story about a scientist putting his cat's name down as the co-author for a scientific paper? This reminded me of that.

  • i don't understand

  • So vacuum energy is dark energy?

  • I really wish I could understand all those amazing equations, but sureley for a layman the reason the universe is expanding is because there is nothing to redirect the passage of energy and matter out into nothingness.

    Although gravity has a part to play in coalescing the matter that is available some will always be moving away into the space of nothing, gradually lowering the overall density of the universe.

    At least I think this is true.

    Or does space have an edge?

  • @Bobajobimus

    You see, it is the expansion of the universe that until now was thought to be slowing, gravitational forces being part of the reason for this. However the expansion is actually accelerating not slowing so there has to be some other energy source to counteract the forces of gravitational interaction.

  • Fascinating video once again! I'd like to know more about those graviton-type virtual particles, those you can't see or grab or isolate... what are they if they aren't tangible?! They just fit nicely in an equation?! Anyhow, I'll do my research... (Also, is it me, or is Prof. Copeland sorta having a bad hair day? lol haircut time?)

  • I am soooo confused. But that's okay cause WE'RE DOING SCIENCE

  • THE BEATLES!<3

  • looking forward to the extra footage of this one brady.

  • mmmhhhmm mhhhm yes... i know some of these words

  • I just unterstood maybe about 40% of this video.. nevertheless its very interesting

  • Interesting

  • This reminds me (the first part) of the fossil Lucy that was named that after the song played buring its exavation, I believe.

  • One question, wouldn't solving the problem of the cosmological constant be so important as to deserve something like the nobel? I mean from the amateur knowledge I have on the current state of colsmology, isn't this one of the big questions?

  • I bet they would have accepted the paper if you called them the Four Horseman and named the Lagrangians "Ric, Arn, Ole, and Tully".

    ...Or not.

  • I am 100% for allowing scientists to choose their own paper's titles and variable names, etc. However, on a purely practical level, I would HATE John, Ringo, Paul and George to be widely accepted variables. Not only do they not have anything to do with the subject, so they're completely arbitrary and tell you nothing about what they're supposed to represent, but they are also long to write. Imagine having to deal with an equation and constantly having to write "John","Paul","Ringo", & "George"!

  • @ThiagowwW10 dark energy is the unknown energy/force behind the universal expansion, this is shining a light (hopefully) on what it actually is driving the expansion, I believe they're two names for the same thing in a sense.

  • @ConnorXV The wolf effect is driving the "universal expansion".

  • Just like every biologist has to accept names of genes like "gooseberry," "sonic hedgehog," and the all-mighty "tiggywinkle hedgehog."

    Anyone who whines about this lighthearted take on nature is a lame party-pooper, just like the losers that rejected the paper because they want everyone to take them super seriously because they're super important. Nature is something you either develop a sense of humor about, or get existential over. I know which path I'd rather take.

    What a bunch of Malvolios

  • I thought ,what it was accelerating the universe expantion, was dark energy. Is vaccum energy and dark energy two different names for the same thing or dark energy it's something else entirely?

  • If the physics is solid, why should it matter? 

  • thank you for informing me about the very things i want to study =) i love this channel! it's full of interesting videos

  • You have to be sneaky to slip a joke into a peer-reviewed paper. A good example is the 2010 Nobel Prize winner Andre Giem publishing a paper with his hamster (credited as H.A.M.S. ter Tisha) or the unfortunate unintentional joke of a Chinese research group persistently abbreviating copper (Cu) nanotubules (NT's) - sure you can all work it out...

  • the energy in a vacuum, is described as dark matter and dark energy. tough to define

  • any thoughts on cosmic rays, explained as a bubble of light

  • The Fab Four?

    You mean Stig, Dirk, Barry, and Nasty?

  • And we still name planets after gods, goddesses and the like? PFFT, none of that nonsense! Back to 6-digit IDs!

    I can't believe they sent it back. That is shocking. Named entities are easier to remember than a random set of numbers.

  • If space is expanding where do you get additional pieces of it? I mean, you can't just stretch space between this and that galaxy. And yes, space is most probably quantized; there is no evidence for anything in existence that is continuous.

  • I'm so glad they spent so much time with the Beatles terms.Because the science wasn't that important.....I have no idea what the functions are that have the Beatles names.

  • If people think scientists know about pop culture and are cool, lots of people will study to become scientists and then the 'problems' will all be solved thus they willall be looking for a new career :P

  • instead of the beatles, it should be the guys on these videos (dont forget brady) :P

  • Right on, been hoping for this one ^^

  • Why not just have the "Fab Four" abbreviated (J, P, G, R). And have the first initial of their name replace the John, Paul, George, and Ringo. That way it wouldn't be so obvious :)

  • How about naming them Matt, Simon, Konnie and Liz?

  • i wonder if the uni makes all the profs use macs so they cant play games when they are meant to be working.

  • If you can't have a little bit of fun while trying to solve the hardest physics question, then why bother? :P

  • 2025 Nobel Prize in Physics here they come!

  • "... and this leads to four relatively simple equations."

    I suppose that would be true if you had calculus.

  • 8:11 "very simple .. The Higgs particle looking for the NHC ... that's an example of a scalar particle"

    :D reminded me of Sheldon for a moment there.

  • Patents are serious, too. However, patent #4,310,552 is titled "Casting perlite before the swine

    Summary:

    A swine, hog and pig fodder which comprises the customary digestible meal or grain component, e.g. soy or bran meal, in combination with an indigestible blown perlite additive with a particle size up to 5 mm and preferably between 0 and 2 mm...

  • This journal editor who rejected the paper with "The Beatles have made no contribution to cosmology" has never listened to "Across the Universe"!

  • Why not change "John" "Paul" "George" & "Ringo" in the article to "j", "p", "g" & "r"? Certainly not as obvious as the Alpher, Bethe, Gamow paper.

    And remember that "Across the Universe" is currently traveling at light speed towards Polaris, being transmitted by NASA in 2008.

    Anyway, points for trying, fellas!

  • Is the universe expanding at a constant rate at all points or are some areas of the universe expanding faster than another?

  • @Halo3ForumEurope the entire universe is expanding at an accelerated rate, that's the whole basis of the cosmological constant problem and the topic of this video. 

  • The Fab Four and Vacuum Energy - Sixty Symbols

    a better title perhaps?

  • @RBIVscreamtherequiem Wow, he actually took your advice D:

  • @RBIVscreamtherequiem they really changed it, what was it originally called?

  • @BlackManSlim562 Just:

    Fab Four - Sixty Symbols

  • @RBIVscreamtherequiem what was the original title?

  • Just sent my UCAS (University) application form off, I've applied to Nottingham Uni! Can't wait :D

  • @Greenehh nice one! make sure you say hello to the Sixty Symbols profs...

  • @sixtysymbols Already have at one of the open days! Haha :)

  • The journals need to pull those sticks out of where they're sitting.

    Memorable symbols have more value than forgettable symbols.

  • look what science has boiled down to ... '' you dont have to worry about what that means'' THE WHY AM I WATCHING THIS VIDEO YOU SILLY MAN ( and I stress SILLY because I cant type something more appropriate ) !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! I dont have anything personal against the the beatles just dont care in this context ( what the video is about ) ...............

  • The best science and the beat band have met :D

  • Physics is so interesting! Its tough to get your head around ! More people need to be interested in Physics :D

  • it takes a smart man to understand this.. how a bout theorizing it