Neutron stars - an interpretation

[Kenzofeis]

If a neutron star is made of neutrons, as if they would stick together, how would it emit such powerful electromagnetic force...?

Only charges in motion will generate electromagnetism.

[mousecake]

Thanks. My head just exploded.

[tatumifulify]

dark matter wouldnt interact with the nuetron star like that. it wouldnt make any difference to it other than a little gravity.

[shadowofears]

what is neutron star?

[x1Brooklyn1x]

@shadowofears a neutron star is a star thats core has collapsed, while the outside explodes away. What happens it the core becomes heavier and denser in the star until it can't go any further at iron, and at this point it breaks up into a plasma, which is basically free floating electrons, neutrons and protons. Then, nothing stops it from condensing further, and it condenses into neutrons, shrinking the size of the sun to only 18 miles in diameter.

[steeveyneon]

So in short, dark matter could be passing through your body right now just like neutrinos, but also like neutrinos, you can't perceive or feel it because it really doesn't interact with any electro-magnetic forces at all, that's what would make it than normal matter only its on a more extreme and different level.

[newcome880]

well, it seems to interact with normal matter when it comes to gravity ...

[painxtreme]

@newcome880 Explain that, please, please. I'm anxious to read your hypothesis.

[steeveyneon]

As far as scientific consensus is concerned, jets are formed by super compressed gas just near the event horizon of a black hole forced partly outward, and dark matter isn't anything of normal matter or formed by it at all, its not even suppose to interact with the fundamental forces the same way.

We also don't really know whats inside a neutron star at all, not much evidence to support it.

[strakha0]

I don't understand why it's called "superfluid", when it's so dense all the neutron cores are bunched up together. Also, no viscosity? I thought something like that would be just an incredibly hard solid.

I may be missing something, but I'm curious. Thanks. Also good video, I agree with others they would be better narrated. It would be easier to take in; it's complicated stuff for amateurs.

[painxtreme]

@strakha0 Keep asking. It is the most fascinating field of endeavor I have stepped into, and even if it seems hard...If it interests you, you love it enough to commit to learning, put in the time and work, you will learn as far as your ambition, checkbook and current science will take you.

And good on ya! We need scientists in the worst way. Not just in our country, but everywhere. For the US, cuz we are being out-engineered. Do you know the only thing we lead the world in now? Just confidence.

[strakha0]

@painxtreme We need scientists because it is generally a good thing to have an educated population, but there is a massive shortage of jobs. I went down the biology route and got a degree, and I currently work as a night porter for a charity lol I'm a better person because of it, but it hasn't exactly helped me.

I would still be interested in those answers if you happen to know.

[painxtreme]

@strakha0 Ha, my wife got her Biology degree 26 yrs ago, and has had one job since, working as a processed foods tester. Now she works at Walmart. Were I to recommend the most employable of the sciences would be Engineering, though many Scientists shriek when you call an Engineer a Scientist. New technologies and computer engineering will get you into the quantum world, and currently it rates as one of the most in demand positions in the near future. I know the feel, I wanted to be an Astronomer

[painxtreme]

@painxtreme Now for your questions. Quantum processes are so good at eluding language. They are absolutely fascinating, but YouTube might get angry if I took the space to explain this. What I did is locate a series of videos about helium superfluid made in 63. Its older, but it will answer your questions, and leave you with more. Its at: watch?v=OIcFSHAz4E8&feature=re­lated It is 5 segments, Helium I is fluid at 4k, but at Lambda, either 2.2 or 1.7k it boils crazy, then goes total still, cont.

[painxtreme]

@painxtreme Lambda is the temperature point where it crosses from Helium I to superfluid Helium II. If this really interests you, I really suggest watching that series of videos. It has all of the classic tests, and the professor speaks technically, but not over your head. Its quantum itself that is over everyone's head. The great Physicist, Richard Feynman said, "If you think you u8nderstand quantum, you know nothing about quantum."

Enjoy your journey, and do watch those. -d

[GoldenShaolinNutz]

no insult intended. just seemed that these conclusions and comments needed that jab of good humor.

[GoldenShaolinNutz]

hmmmm very interesting. i must take that into consideration next time i study superfluids. but unfortunately i can only study that superfluid on late fri nights after a couple of hours of slammin the hard stuff down. coz i tell ya. the superfluid is so compressed as it jets out that it feels like plasma from the exothermic reaction. it even seems for a moment that it could reach escape velocity for a while if i point the jet stream up. either way its both awe inspiring and a relief.

[Icix1]

Umm isn't it bear in mind?

Also you should narrate this

[scottohscott]

@Icix1 I agree, this should be narrated.

[asolutionforyou]

When your mind was focus in neutron star...

You saw: "Liquid Helium II: Superfluid" BBC documentary, sure.

This have confused you mind, I understand it.

But, rest people does not want be more confused. They need only real solutions.

[hypnotix2000]

Do you have a mathematical construct for your hypothesis?

[newcome880]

@hypnotix2000

nope, besides mathematics may be inadequate - for example it doesn't help much when we deal with the sub-atomic level. Everthing becomes ''wishy-washy''

[KymeraGR7]

@newcome880 gotta love heisenberg ;P

[painxtreme]

@newcome880 No it becomes QED or Quantum Mechanics. Just what do you know about Astrophysics, and from where?

[painxtreme]

@hypnotix2000 How could he? , it is no more than a guess, not even a testable hypothesis as yet. if ever, which I doubt

[jarlhelvete]

wisps and jets of matter and antimatter?, how can you tell?, shure it`s not angeldust and snow.

[bulkocitron]

parfois je chie sur la route

et les passant me leche

[flyingface]

how could the center of a neutron star be made up of a superfluid.

isn't it true that temperatures need to be near 0 kelvin (absolute zero) - of course this varies depending on the element -for elements like helium to be in the superfluid state?

[newcome880]

@flyingface

there's an enormous pressure inside such a star and the superfluid allegedly consists of neutrons (mainly). Use keywords 'superfluid' and 'neutron star' in Google to find out more

[flyingface]

@newcome880

thanks

[TimpBizkit]

@newcome880 Yes, the pressure in a neutron star is roughly the mass of the earth in earth's gravity, concentrated on the pointy end of a pin.

[painxtreme]

@newcome880 Crushing pressure + Ridiculously high amount of activity ≠ cold. Question: When you bring Helium within 2 degrees of absolute, do you think all except the neutrons just escape?

[painxtreme]

@flyingface correct.

[Aarbatak]

nice music!

[digitalbroadcaster]

@Aarbatak It is Amanaska. Distant Worlds.

[FurballRZ]

ok, i donk know what you mean by dark matter since, dark matter just means matter noone knows of or understands, becaus its unknown. and that dust can be explained, by dust which was crated with the supernova. just please dont call the dust dark matter ok =)

[JuliusCeasar223]

one problem with your theory if the waves of superfluid matter are escapeing out in the rings and as you say pass through the antimatter field is impossible if antimatter and matter touch the result is a massive release of energy (explosion) the size of several hundred nuclear bombs (say if the two were about the size of basketballs)

[TheLivirus]

@JuliusCeasar223 You've mixed up dark matter and anti-matter. Not the same.

[neverfearchrisishere]

The dark area which you call dark matter dust in the center.... is infact dust from the event blocking the light coming from the event.

Dust causes the direct luminosity of an event to be reduced as it obscures the light - whilst since it reemits a fraction of the light in all directions, it allows for us to see the dust around the event at increased luminosity.

Dust != Darkmatter.

Superfluid waves do not leave the star. Your seeing the outer shells of the star thrown off.

all well known

[AmBiieNCe]

how do you know all this stuff?

[painxtreme]

@AmBiieNCe He or she doesn't. Dust is NOT Dark Matter. Where is the idiot filter?

[XTheFadedLineX]

Drawing some radical conclusions....

[russionlegion]

so newcome800 and before I start I just wanna say this is awesome haha anyway... Inever knew dark matter and black holes were real?!?! I always thought of them in the cartoons and on tv shows and scientists always thinking about them. Now that youve explained and everything it seems so simple now and it's awesome! but i was wondering if its possible that maybe our sun could turn into a "neutron star"??? Like I said earlier I don't exactly know alot about this topic I'm only in the 10th grade lol

[AustinHyde12]

your in 10th grade and didnt think black holes and dark matter were reak? do you not pay attention at school? damn lol

[russionlegion]

@AustinHyde12 i pay attention haha. but i mean black holes, dark matter and that kinda stuff isnt in our curriculum. we have to do Chemistry then Physics. nothing with space. pretty lame if you ask me haha.

[baguetteman69]

@russionlegion the Sun won't turn into a neutron star since it's below the Chandrasekhar limit (1.4 solar masses), and therefore will become a white dwarf

[Ayomide345]

wut.

[Adrenalx42]

Also, the "wisps" of light could be bremsstrahlung radiation in the x-ray spectrum cause by my previous theory of the electrons accelerated, then decelerated by the intense magnetic fields. After all, these are x-ray images not visible light.

[newcome880]

that does not mean that x-rays could not be blocked by dark matter. They also belong - as light does - to the electromagnetic spectrum.

[neverfearchrisishere]

dark matter does not - by definition - belong to the electromagnetic spectrum.. The entire point is that it is not visible in the electromagnetic spectrum.

[Adrenalx42]

neutrons, and the electrons are carried away from the star by the magnetic fields or vise versa, because the two particles have charges of +1 and -1 respectivly.

[newcome880]

neutrons have no charge at all. They are electrically neutral, hence the name ''Neutron''.

[bewertow]

@Adrenalx42

you mean PROTONS, not neutrons.

NEUtrons are neutral overall (though the component quarks within can be charged)

[Adrenalx42]

A far better theory for the jets of particles leaving the star would be the decay of neutrons escaping the star. Neutrons by themselves are not stable and will decay into a proton, and an electron via the weak nuclear force. Futhermore, the energy for the particles traveling near light speed would come from the intense magnetic field of the star, because the decay products of the neutron are electrically charged. For example, the protons would be thrown back to the star, to convert back into...

[Adrenalx42]

Furthermore, you dont offer any explanation as to where the energy for the particles leaving the star at near light speed comes from. As far as I know, that doesnt conserve energy.

[neverfearchrisishere]

Conservation of momentum. The stars rotating at a tremendous speed - and emits a beam of matter at each pole of the axis of spin. The matter is emitted at tremendous speeds. The energy is coming from a *slight* slow down in the stars rotation. This slow down can be measured in pulsars - as the periodicity of the pulses ever so slowly reduces over time.

This is all well known science all completely unrelated to dark matter.

[Adrenalx42]

The neutron star is composed of neutrons. Neutron degenerate matter is formed when pressures inside the star are so great, that electrons bind with protons to form neutrons, sort of like reverse beta decay. Since these particle are neutral, this allows it to be condensed even further. The only thing stopping the system from further collapse is the pauli exclusion principle, one of the basic laws of physics.

[Adrenalx42]

It cant be superfluid matter. Its called a "neutron star for a reason" The protons and electrons of a normal star get compressed together and combined to form neutrons, almost like reverse beta decay. Second, gravity can then compress the electrically neutral neutrons together even further. It is protected from further collapse by the pauli exclusion principle. Further more, the stars intense magentic field may be responsible for that ring you claim is produced by blockage by dark matter....

[Adrenalx42]

...the electrons captured by the field can emit photons in the x-ray spectrum, which is what these images are...OR the matter within that ring may not be emitting photons in the x-ray spectrum. I disagree with just about every component of this analysis.

[newcome880]

little update on your info from Wiki:

Neutron star core material could be a SUPERFLUID mixture of neutrons with a few protons and electrons, or it could incorporate high-energy particles like pions and kaons in addition to neutrons, or it could be composed of strange matter incorporating quarks heavier than up and down quarks, or it could be quark matter not bound into hadrons.

everything else is 1 1/2 years old speculation of mine ;-)

[newcome880]

note the many ''coulds''. The nature of a Neutron Star is far beyond from being understood.

[Adrenalx42]

it cant be superfluid neutrons, because there is no such thing. Superfluidity cant exist at the high temperatures, and it wouold have to be an element, not free neutrons, that you state is within the star. Please explain the mechanism that incorporates mesons. Quark matter not bound into hadrons is called a quark gluon plasma, not superfluid matter. So please choose one or the other.

[neverfearchrisishere]

As you say the internals of a neutron star are a geussing game. However Superfluidicity of a material will be limited to the star itself and have little noticible effect outside of it - other than the posibility of the star having unusual magnetic and electronic properties. And by unusual I don't mean anything crazy or completely misunderstood - since similar states are seen in superconductors.

[Tofy710]

By the heaven, and Al-Tariq (the night-comer, i.e. the bright star); And what will make you to know what Al-Tariq (the night-comer) is?

(It is) the star of piercing brightness;

There is no human being but has a protector over him (or her) (i.e. angels in charge of each human being guarding him, writing his good and bad deeds)

Quran sort Al-Tariq verses: 1-4

[menthol5]

The neutron star is rotating. It has an inanely high magnetic field. Charged particles either are caught in the magnetic field and rotate about it or try to approach the star proper and get kicked out of either pole

[TheTicain]

great vid we need this to clarify what it is anyway thanks !!!!

[newcome880]

thx, yep, still a lot of research has to be done !

[TheTicain]

hummm good try but even if helium in super fluid form it have electron what if the neutron star was a gigantic helium cell with a billion of electron orbiting infinitly small to infinitly big

[Adrenalx42]

they are all the same rays, only with different wavelengths. please get your facts straight

[hoplite1766]

Great vid and neat music, what is it, who did it?

[newcome880]

thank you :) The music is AudioSwap - dunno the title anymore ...

[ArgusPlexus]

The dark area around the star is due to solar wind

[newcome880]

we are talking about an area of 1 ly in diameter ;-)

[ArgusPlexus]

I know that

[cornigraphic]

maybe its not a star... liike to me like it could be a portal.. the only way to find out is to go there and put a robot in there like the rover.. only hopefully it doesnt crash or burn up...

[Cult1022]

have you read what a neutron star does / is? you don't get there without being destroyed / burned / crashed into pieces by gravity or magnetism or x-rays or gamma rays etc! also it turnes so fast that you can't land in any case on it or pass its surface... please!

[cavillsarre]

Portal? That makes no sense, portal is a very broad word. You would be looking for more of the word 'Black hole' which it is not.

Go there and put a robot in there? Won't happen in this lifetime.

[Nuker1337]

interesting, but how would the superfluid matter be able to penetrate the kilometre-thick crust composed out of various iron isotopes? especially those rippled waves seen in the film

[newcome880]

probably by the enormous pressure (not the one that resists gravity) inside the star created by a number of processes mentioned in the video very thin channels form at the weakest points of the crust which has a much smaller density than the interior of the star (roughly up to 7x10^8 times less)

[llahneb10]

I don't think superfluid helium "rises" because of antigravity, rather it pushes off of itself to climb a wall. If antigravity were responisble, it would float out of its container, or we would detect its mass changing (in the case of helium). Superfluid is a state of matter at very low temperatures, plasma is at high temperatures (as in the jets). Also, the shady streaks would come from anything BUT dark matter, as it is transparent. It's called "dark" because it doesn't emit light.

[newcome880]

please remember: these are all my personal interpretations. They don't all need to be true ;-) *. As for the streaks they are hardly visible and not necessarily caused by dark matter (perhaps by the telescope itself) but we don't know much about the properties of dark matter except for that it - as you stated correctly - does not emit light. The reason for that however could also be that it ''absorbs'' light. It could also emit radiation that we just haven't observed so far. (* more on my blog)

[afshar600]

hey bud. i think that since these are xray images, and not visible light, that "dark plane of dust" that you see is just a "break" in between the pulses. think of it like the space between two wave crests in a pond. except that EM waves can't "warp" space like the mechanical waves do the water. so the darkness is just the cosmic background. and they're both transverse waves, anyway.

[newcome880]

thanks for your input. Interesting thoughts ! Yes, the images are Xray. However, the ''inner ring'' does not appear to move. So it looks more like a frontier to me. Furthermore there are no movements inside that area (1 ly across!). The only light that ''shines through'' is that of the neutron star itself which is extremely bright. The small fluctuations that appear inside the inner ring should be gases outside the ring (in the line between it and the observer) which emit radiation (Xrays).