thank you for helping me prove to my 16 year old friend that lava is actually real and not like leprechaun's. sometimes i wonder if life is worth living...
Ok, now I've read some articles about this stuff...
"briny fluid" probably refers to a mass of hot water mixed with partly molten rocks. Maybe the high concentration of salts and other conductive ions makes more visible these fluids to the "geoelectric instruments".
2 questions. Does the outer core act as some sought of magnetic field that repels some harmful radiation from the sun, or something along those lines?
It would be cool if we dug a giant hole from usa and dig it through the core and through the center of the earth till it reaches china or whatever then jump down the hole and see what happends. Would you go though it all the way till you reach china? Or would you all of a sudden stop and float in the middle of earth? Interesting question.
Volcanoes are Divine Retribution sent up from hell to punish sinners. An earth full of molten lava is a myth, look up the medieval drawings on the subject and don't be taken in by this.
@MRbombonel stop saying if Earth is hollow or full, hot or cold, made of iron or chocolate... please watch this video /watch?v=cb9e35tyCE4 about the REAL structure and history of our planet.
@PaddyMills12345 gravity is related to mass and volume, if the earth was hollow the lack of mass would reduce the gravity proportionally. Simple observable repeatable physics versus tin foil hat theories.
i dont believe that for a second. a hollow earth is the only explanation. it really makes you think about you own planet very differently. Well a bunch of lava isn't to exiting .
Very nice to scale animation. Note the thickness of the crust compared to the amount of molten material below. Imagine how the Earth collects material via accretion. This causes the core pressure to increase in turn causing the temperature to increase in turn causing the crust to become thinner as the distance to the molten material edges closer to the surface. Eventually the Earth will turn into a star. Levi described this in detail, see Dead Sea Scrolls Testament of Levi, chapter 18.
.. The only thing I see wrong with the video is the estimated core temperature. If you use geological data of the temperature taken of the deepest hole ever drilled and use that temperature to form a scale then the core temperature of the Earth would be around 200 thousand degrees not 6 thousand. The only reason why estimates are so low is because of the curie temperature of metals and the misconception to what causes the Earth's magnetic field.
@streincorp no we live on earth. not in it. people who love their sin of the world more than following God get to stay and live within the earth since thats what they loved so much...im guessing lol LMAO
The dividing line between the Earth's mantle and crust is called the Moho, wich is the short from Mohorovic derivation and it is named after the scietists discovered it. The mantle is the outer edge of the core almost to the surface of the earth.
The Forest Protector Kid.. is the Funniest Person ever..i did not think there was ppl thta believed in those things.. And i'll tell u one more thing.. the earth, is flat so go and tell your mother that during dinner time ok? heeh..
The earths crust is very quickly losing its gravitational balance as was shown in a documentary film CORE. Atomic explosions being experimented are destroying matter and making the Ozone layer disappear very quickly causing more global warming. Frequent volcanic eruptions are leading to new discoveries regarding the causes & effects of destruction of matter. But the human being is as wild as he was or rather more. Instead of making the globe a land of peace the war of supremacy is going on & on
the lithosphere (which includes the crust) are about 12 or so gigantic plates that move around. It has nothing to do w/ gravitational balance. The mechanism for their movement is head convection from the outer core and mantle. These movements cause seismic events.
i dont know why ppl beleive in that shit? do u all really think our earth is just a such ball of crap and nothing else? Earth is fantastic and beautiful. Earth is hollow. everyone read about it! earth must not be a ball of crap!!
How would the earth have an escape velocity of 7 MpS if it were hollow? How would we have a gravity force able to hold the moon? you are perhaps the dumbest person ever to comment
lol, how do we measure seismic waves (P and S) if the earth was hollow? We have basically done an MRI on the interior and have verified a solid but viscous mantle, liquid outer core and solid iron innner core.
thats easy to say when you already know I do..or do you? Anyway the science does open up some good theories on the HET... Would have been a good one for that old show Ripley's... :]
I bet you don't believe that time travel has been accomplished either..there is plenty going on that you don't know about...Oh were in a game alright!!! What ever we can think of can exist!!! You just don't have evidence so you are blocking yourself....free your mind friend!!
I'm well aware what is going on. I know the world record for teleportation for example. But I know this because I understand the physics involved and can read the research.
My mind is freer than you can imagine. I am well aware of all the cutting edge theories in quantum mechanics, I know about M theory, string theory, open and closed universe, I could go on. Doesnt mean any of these new theories are correct though. Evidence is all we have. Without it all we have is philosophy!
I know atoms are 99.8% empty space, I know about the energy-time uncertainty printable. I know about quantum tunnelling.
Please dont assume that I dont know anything just because I get excited by unproven ideas with no evidence to back it up. I study physics every day of my life, I dont just read snappy headlines and I dont just read conspiracy books!
I know atoms are 99.8% empty space, I know about the energy-time uncertainty printable. I know about quantum tunnelling.
Please dont assume that I dont know anything just because I DONT get excited by unproven ideas with no evidence to back it up. I study physics every day of my life, I dont just read snappy headlines and I dont just read conspiracy books!
very cool..well I didn't say you didn't know anything..everyone can learn from one another and I would never say someone doesn't know something..that would be an ultimate self insult:) I just stated that your having trouble believing something without evidence.
If you look inside yourself you can get an answer is what I'm saying...you don't need evidence to know...you know..:)
considering our Government is running GIGANTIC GAME on us...there is no doubt in my mind that this is possible and has been covered up right down to your 6th grade fucking science text book....
You may have no doubt in your mind this could be true, but without evidence it is no more plausible then we are in a computer game or unicorns exist !
I don't need expertise to have an open mind and believe in something...there are few experts on youtube...lol..but meditating can answer all your quesions...that I know for sure!!!
Well faith has nothing to do with truth or science! The only truth we can have is from evidence.
To have faith is to believe in something without evidence.
Unquestioning faith is not being open minded, Im open to all theorys but unless they have evidence they are nothing more than an idea or an opinion. For example I like the idea of string theory but it doesnt have enough proof for anyone to class it as correct!
lol... give me the proof that earth is like showed in this video? how do you call it... yes "full". Sismic waves cannot penetrate far inside. It is said that it can reach 20km of depth maximum. So we conclude that earth is full? Explain me dude
shenanigans
DexArtist 1 month ago
That's not what it looks like
piperboy350 1 month ago
is the mantle molten?
I know the core is solid, thanks to the pressure, but i wonder if the mantle is like the crust
I suspect its molten, but whats the answer?
BitterBurst 1 month ago
@BitterBurst
To say that the mantle (or the core) is solid by the pressure is different to say that's like the crust.
I think that at high temperatures the mantle should have the behavior of a liquid but the consistence of a solid due to the pressure.
You should wonder if the matter of the mantle has a crystal reticule, like a solid or if the molecules are only pressed together but are free to move.
streincorp 1 month ago
thank you for helping me prove to my 16 year old friend that lava is actually real and not like leprechaun's. sometimes i wonder if life is worth living...
higatez 2 months ago
All the comments saying the Earth was hollow made me lose even more faith in humanity.
GeekHippieEndarkened 3 months ago
COOL
andya1704 4 months ago
I gues u dont prof this real
nfsmw6 5 months ago
this video is fake earth is hollow
thebesthaloplayer 6 months ago
@thebesthaloplayer
this video is not a fake, your head might be hollow
streincorp 6 months ago 36
@streincorp lol
shamir137 5 months ago
@thebesthaloplayer legit just lol'ed
sfl4ever 3 months ago
The earth exists, so God!!!
Lusobrasileiro23 6 months ago 3
So this is how the surface of the Earth looks like? I've been playing too much Minecraft.
But I hope Minecraft is this big.
rotenburk 7 months ago
scientists map volcanic plume under yellowstone
hot rock and briny fluid
Q: what is briny fluid they are talking about??
snyderryan1 9 months ago
@snyderryan1
Ok, now I've read some articles about this stuff...
"briny fluid" probably refers to a mass of hot water mixed with partly molten rocks. Maybe the high concentration of salts and other conductive ions makes more visible these fluids to the "geoelectric instruments".
streincorp 9 months ago
2 questions. Does the outer core act as some sought of magnetic field that repels some harmful radiation from the sun, or something along those lines?
And what music is that?
farsideoftheocean 9 months ago
@farsideoftheocean
The outer core is (or is supposed to be) the source of Earth's magnetic field that deflects charged particles coming from the sun.
For the music read the description, anyway only the first 40 seconds sounds like an epic song
streincorp 9 months ago
It would be cool if we dug a giant hole from usa and dig it through the core and through the center of the earth till it reaches china or whatever then jump down the hole and see what happends. Would you go though it all the way till you reach china? Or would you all of a sudden stop and float in the middle of earth? Interesting question.
Numba1SouthParkFan 9 months ago
@Numba1SouthParkFan float in the middle…
it's the reason why the liquid iron outer core can freely rotates by generating the earth's magnetic field, I think.
And otherwise the earth's core would be located in china :D
streincorp 9 months ago
So who the hell came up with these dimensions without diving or any means to look inside??? Its not like its space inside.
s4vys 10 months ago
the earth is hollow...
GamingLogics 10 months ago
@GamingLogics LOL no its not
s2babiiDOLLs2 8 months ago
@s2babiiDOLLs2 i know its not X)
GamingLogics 8 months ago
Volcanoes are Divine Retribution sent up from hell to punish sinners. An earth full of molten lava is a myth, look up the medieval drawings on the subject and don't be taken in by this.
857frank 10 months ago
holy crap we're swimming on Lava :3
k3v1nfbr 10 months ago
the earth is not like that, it's HOLLOW
MRbombonel 10 months ago 2
@MRbombonel stop saying if Earth is hollow or full, hot or cold, made of iron or chocolate... please watch this video /watch?v=cb9e35tyCE4 about the REAL structure and history of our planet.
streincorp 10 months ago
MR.Neff IS GAYYYYYY
Vote This UPPPP
ChannelFamilys 10 months ago
sooo its like sun? more you gp down the hoter it gets
vivalaT911 10 months ago
music ruined it
insainSWAG 11 months ago
@insainSWAG why? a thrash metal soundtrack can't be better
streincorp 10 months ago
the earth is hollow people. look it up.
PaddyMills12345 11 months ago 3
@PaddyMills12345 oh well... now try to tell this to people who believe the Earth is flat.
streincorp 11 months ago 2
@PaddyMills12345
"the earth is hollow people"
Aw shucks, I was hoping it'd have a crunchy nougat center. :P
mosquitobight 11 months ago
@PaddyMills12345 gravity is related to mass and volume, if the earth was hollow the lack of mass would reduce the gravity proportionally. Simple observable repeatable physics versus tin foil hat theories.
gordongate 10 months ago
@PaddyMills12345 impossible use common sense how could volcanos exist and if it was hollow then the earth would colapse
dmx952 10 months ago
So where is the lithosphere?
pitalovesmusic 11 months ago
@pitalovesmusic lithos=rock, so it's the crust (and the upper surface of the mantle)
streincorp 11 months ago
You may fire when ready.
backfire357 11 months ago
i dont believe that for a second. a hollow earth is the only explanation. it really makes you think about you own planet very differently. Well a bunch of lava isn't to exiting .
PaddyMills12345 1 year ago
@PaddyMills12345 explanation of WHAT!?
streincorp 1 year ago
ohh i saw that in ice age 3 trailer
cod5lover1 1 year ago
thats some bullshit !!! i dont believe this at all... none of this is actually been proven...
zilvinho84 1 year ago
@zilvinho84 Well, we can say the same for your head; nobody can prove what there is inside it
streincorp 1 year ago
@streincorp that's simple if there is no proof so don't believe it because we don't have any evidence about it.
ripper269 1 year ago
@streincorp in the 1920s children had textbooks which said that inside the earth there are plants and stuff inside.
MrHeavymetaldrums 1 year ago
what is the volume of the mantle? pls reply!
littlebigplan 1 year ago
@littlebigplan use the formula: (4*pi/3)*((R^3)-(r^3))
with r=inner radius and R=outer radius of mantle
anyway, the volume of the mantle should be about
9x10^20 m^3 = 900 000 000 000 km^3 , I think
streincorp 1 year ago
cool animation :-) Please check my theory about the Earth's core cooling down and its disastrous effects upon the oceans.
newcome880 1 year ago
wikipedia (dot) org (slash) wiki (slash) Flat_Earth_Society
Arcadia453 1 year ago
Very nice to scale animation. Note the thickness of the crust compared to the amount of molten material below. Imagine how the Earth collects material via accretion. This causes the core pressure to increase in turn causing the temperature to increase in turn causing the crust to become thinner as the distance to the molten material edges closer to the surface. Eventually the Earth will turn into a star. Levi described this in detail, see Dead Sea Scrolls Testament of Levi, chapter 18.
GateMessenger 1 year ago
.. The only thing I see wrong with the video is the estimated core temperature. If you use geological data of the temperature taken of the deepest hole ever drilled and use that temperature to form a scale then the core temperature of the Earth would be around 200 thousand degrees not 6 thousand. The only reason why estimates are so low is because of the curie temperature of metals and the misconception to what causes the Earth's magnetic field.
GateMessenger 1 year ago
thats the inner sun ! not the earths core !
12345ryan54321 1 year ago
@12345ryan54321 hahah! no... compared to the Sun, the Earth's core is an ice cream
streincorp 1 year ago 2
@streincorp the core is as hot as the surface of the sun
1jesse17 1 year ago
@1jesse17 right, the surface not the inner sun
streincorp 1 year ago
If I was an astral body in an ethereal state, I'd travel to the core just to see what it looks like.
AeonofOblivion 1 year ago
that is what people say HELL!!!
busdriver153 1 year ago
@angelloveshistory22
Cause it's Epic maybe?
rdyramos 1 year ago
@angelloveshistory22 cuz this song sounds epic
streincorp 1 year ago 2
@streincorp Và pensiero, sull'ali dorate... :-)) Giuseppe Verdi is great
jimsy73 1 year ago
@jimsy73 finalmente un buon intenditore!
streincorp 1 year ago
@deboris777 as your head, dude.
streincorp 1 year ago 6
yeah it is hell
247Lopez 1 year ago
GREAT video, my little 6 year old scientist LOVED it.
Ticket2theMoon 1 year ago
i had 2 look at this vid 4 science T_T
LiaAngelXD 1 year ago
@LiaAngelXD ME too
daith107 1 year ago
i r k
machinimx 1 year ago
IT'S HELL lol
poopoopaula101 1 year ago
@poopoopaula101 the Hell beneath the crust, the kingdom of Heaven over the sky…
so do we live in the Purgatory?
streincorp 1 year ago
@streincorp no we live on earth. not in it. people who love their sin of the world more than following God get to stay and live within the earth since thats what they loved so much...im guessing lol LMAO
poopoopaula101 1 year ago
I never wanna make the earth pissed, he'll shoot a bunch of volcanos at use, that won't be pretty.
jayrellz 1 year ago
Very good , thanks for the homework help
MrNorley 1 year ago
Awesome song? What the song and composer? Please respond.
journalprizefighter 1 year ago
@journalprizefighter but seriously don't u know it? O_o
it's the beginning of "Coro degli Schiavi" (Chorus of the Slaves) from "Nabucco" by Giuseppe Verdi
it's also called "Va, pensiero"
streincorp 1 year ago
bad design
celiramos 1 year ago
if the earth was full of hot lava wouldnt the surface be hotter
CONCUSSION187 1 year ago
@CONCUSSION187 do u know there are 40km of pure rock between us and the mantle?
streincorp 1 year ago
@streincorp actually 90 :)
thethugzwithgunz 1 year ago
Very cool!
I was just expecting another Plate tectonic animation (cool as they are)
But, you did a nice job of taking it a step further, adding a little relativity to the image.
thank you
citizenschallengeYT 1 year ago
ahh thats mine house
Bock8888 1 year ago
Formidabile......Complimenti Dario
luigi48fdv 1 year ago
You know to core is soilid. But still good job.
zar43ify 1 year ago
solid but HOT
streincorp 1 year ago
@zar43ify plastic, technically
EnderTXenocide 1 year ago
hola
molasolo 1 year ago
Crust thickness is 21 miles if my assumptions are correct. Still checking.
We had o lot of earth quakes @ 21 miles all over the planet. Some say it was Haarp. maybe . maybe the earth is heating up. Very disturbingt either way
1mealperday 1 year ago
Crust thickness depends on where you live, crust thickness is over a mile more in certain areas, and in others it is much more.
ricokristine 1 year ago
thanks for posting!
aceandspades84 1 year ago
yea it really luk like a gobstopper
MultiMath123 2 years ago
hey thats a gobstopper
JOCKATEO 2 years ago
Earth Core is Nuclear!!
IronJackalTw 2 years ago
If i wat a terrorist i will bomb the CORE!
johno6989 2 years ago
The Future: The Venus Project
watch?v=FWylckZ9G64
HailRasec 2 years ago
Holy Shit! all that is Lava
8097889397 2 years ago
...Magma, when it's inside the Earth;
liquid or solid :)
streincorp 2 years ago
Yes, and if the earth breaks we will all fall and DIE! MWAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHA!
johno6989 2 years ago
planets dont break -.-
Bloodscalpr 1 year ago
hiiiiiii khs
taryll12 2 years ago
THIS IS AWSOME 5***** FOR ALL YOU MADE
placeboos 2 years ago
good job!
MrJuliusfrancis 2 years ago
WOW, what an amazing animation!
mokdadmm 2 years ago 9
Very Good!
bizpretaes 2 years ago
0:25 intel core 4
lioxait 2 years ago
it is neat
izziemae2 2 years ago
Vaaa Pensiero... Sull' aliii Doraaaatee! XD
25844 2 years ago
Thanks for presentation, the Earth's inner core is about 4 billion cubic miles in volume or less than 1% of the Earth's volume.
RJL738 2 years ago
The dividing line between the Earth's mantle and crust is called the Moho, wich is the short from Mohorovic derivation and it is named after the scietists discovered it. The mantle is the outer edge of the core almost to the surface of the earth.
charlovip 2 years ago
u got an awesome skill !!! mother earth is so hot lol
scientificboysclub 2 years ago 11
school is boring i had to present this in a project thing
ClubPenguinCare 3 years ago
I did too But It was a fun Project
hakimsheriff 2 years ago
The Forest Protector Kid.. is the Funniest Person ever..i did not think there was ppl thta believed in those things.. And i'll tell u one more thing.. the earth, is flat so go and tell your mother that during dinner time ok? heeh..
By the way the Video is Really good !!!!
josedavidrodriguez 3 years ago
haha! I'll tell this to the pink elephant flying out of my room!
streincorp 3 years ago
The earths crust is very quickly losing its gravitational balance as was shown in a documentary film CORE. Atomic explosions being experimented are destroying matter and making the Ozone layer disappear very quickly causing more global warming. Frequent volcanic eruptions are leading to new discoveries regarding the causes & effects of destruction of matter. But the human being is as wild as he was or rather more. Instead of making the globe a land of peace the war of supremacy is going on & on
yahoovisitor 3 years ago
the lithosphere (which includes the crust) are about 12 or so gigantic plates that move around. It has nothing to do w/ gravitational balance. The mechanism for their movement is head convection from the outer core and mantle. These movements cause seismic events.
ieodksnw787 2 years ago
nuclear explosions are not destroying matter...they do not unleash enough energy to convert the dirt and rock into energy..
spike0804 2 years ago
LOL, that movie is not documentary, it is Sci-Fi and movie producers can think of many such thing like core stops and magnetic fields are evil.
realIBeliX 2 years ago
OMG .. I LOVE SCIENCE ITS THE BEST!!
cOleen019 3 years ago 4
i never said there was no lava in a volcano.. I suggest you to read about hollow earth and think again. For me its all clear in my head
ForestProtector 3 years ago
Your determination is admirable ,sir
but quite insufficient.
If you study how gravity work whit an hollow mass you should be able to see that this theory is a bit shaky.
streincorp 3 years ago
of course, closed mind person.
ForestProtector 3 years ago
I suggest you to have a trip to a volcano crater and see with your eyes inside the Earth!
streincorp 3 years ago
i dont know why ppl beleive in that shit? do u all really think our earth is just a such ball of crap and nothing else? Earth is fantastic and beautiful. Earth is hollow. everyone read about it! earth must not be a ball of crap!!
ForestProtector 3 years ago
How would the earth have an escape velocity of 7 MpS if it were hollow? How would we have a gravity force able to hold the moon? you are perhaps the dumbest person ever to comment
Gooseman2k2 3 years ago
lol, how do we measure seismic waves (P and S) if the earth was hollow? We have basically done an MRI on the interior and have verified a solid but viscous mantle, liquid outer core and solid iron innner core.
ieodksnw787 2 years ago
thats easy to say when you already know I do..or do you? Anyway the science does open up some good theories on the HET... Would have been a good one for that old show Ripley's... :]
undtektid 3 years ago
I bet you don't believe that time travel has been accomplished either..there is plenty going on that you don't know about...Oh were in a game alright!!! What ever we can think of can exist!!! You just don't have evidence so you are blocking yourself....free your mind friend!!
undtektid 3 years ago
I'm well aware what is going on. I know the world record for teleportation for example. But I know this because I understand the physics involved and can read the research.
My mind is freer than you can imagine. I am well aware of all the cutting edge theories in quantum mechanics, I know about M theory, string theory, open and closed universe, I could go on. Doesnt mean any of these new theories are correct though. Evidence is all we have. Without it all we have is philosophy!
Andylocksigma 3 years ago
I know atoms are 99.8% empty space, I know about the energy-time uncertainty printable. I know about quantum tunnelling.
Please dont assume that I dont know anything just because I get excited by unproven ideas with no evidence to back it up. I study physics every day of my life, I dont just read snappy headlines and I dont just read conspiracy books!
Andylocksigma 3 years ago
I know atoms are 99.8% empty space, I know about the energy-time uncertainty printable. I know about quantum tunnelling.
Please dont assume that I dont know anything just because I DONT get excited by unproven ideas with no evidence to back it up. I study physics every day of my life, I dont just read snappy headlines and I dont just read conspiracy books!
Correction :) missed out a vital word.
Andylocksigma 3 years ago
very cool..well I didn't say you didn't know anything..everyone can learn from one another and I would never say someone doesn't know something..that would be an ultimate self insult:) I just stated that your having trouble believing something without evidence.
If you look inside yourself you can get an answer is what I'm saying...you don't need evidence to know...you know..:)
undtektid 3 years ago
Ok sir ,but my planet Earth remain FULL of magma! ;\
streincorp 3 years ago
I may think I know but unless it is backed up by evidence it is just an idea or a feeling or an opinion.
I could believe you don't exist and know for sure in my heart you don't. Doesnt mean you don't exist!
Andylocksigma 3 years ago
considering our Government is running GIGANTIC GAME on us...there is no doubt in my mind that this is possible and has been covered up right down to your 6th grade fucking science text book....
WAKE UP PLEASE!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
undtektid 3 years ago
You may have no doubt in your mind this could be true, but without evidence it is no more plausible then we are in a computer game or unicorns exist !
Andylocksigma 3 years ago
research the theories....bottom line I can't tell you whats right or wrong....that's the beauty of it...no one really knows!!...I think!!!
undtektid 3 years ago
Why this?
Why are there people thinking that the Earth is hollow today?
It's too simple saying:"everything what you know is wrong"!
streincorp 3 years ago
research...and you will have your own answer!
undtektid 3 years ago
You can't tell us what is right and what is wrong because you have no expertise in this field.
If I am wrong Im sorry and please tell me your qualifications.
Andylocksigma 3 years ago
I don't need expertise to have an open mind and believe in something...there are few experts on youtube...lol..but meditating can answer all your quesions...that I know for sure!!!
undtektid 3 years ago
Well faith has nothing to do with truth or science! The only truth we can have is from evidence.
To have faith is to believe in something without evidence.
Unquestioning faith is not being open minded, Im open to all theorys but unless they have evidence they are nothing more than an idea or an opinion. For example I like the idea of string theory but it doesnt have enough proof for anyone to class it as correct!
Andylocksigma 3 years ago
the earth is solid is the same as saying the earth is hollow....at this point I would think there are few who really know!!!
undtektid 3 years ago
what do u mean earth is hollow?
maxelldemon 3 years ago
everything you were taught to know is WRONG!!!
undtektid 3 years ago
OK so tell me what is right then?
maxelldemon 3 years ago
It's HOLLOW?!!!
streincorp 3 years ago
lol... give me the proof that earth is like showed in this video? how do you call it... yes "full". Sismic waves cannot penetrate far inside. It is said that it can reach 20km of depth maximum. So we conclude that earth is full? Explain me dude
kaizerchar 3 years ago
Searching on Google "inside the Earth" I have found a little answer for you, under the link "looking inside the earth".
streincorp 3 years ago
great animation as always!
ScytheKing 3 years ago
Good work! ;-)
dreelao 3 years ago