Red Cloud Indian School (Grades K-12) was founded as Holy Rosary Mission in 1888 by the Jesuits at the request Chief Red Cloud, a leader of the Oglala Sioux Indians residing on the Pine Ridge Reservation. Chief Red Cloud had continually petitioned the government to allow the "Blackrobes" (Jesuits) to come to the Reservation in order to establish a school. His persistant efforts brought about the development and existence of Holy Rosary Mission by the Jesuits and the Franciscan Sisters.